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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Recruitment by screening entire communities. The Iowa Lipid Research Clinic Experience.

Screening of entire communities arose out of the demographic characteristics of the area served by the Iowa LRC. The process included three components: access to names and addresses of age-eligible persons who could be contacted through a direct-mail announcement of the screening program; support of local media and community leaders; and effective on-site screening teams. Responses to direct mailings were enhanced by a coordinated mass media campaign, in which print media was more effective than radio or television. The likelihood of an age-eligible man participating in the initial contact screening for the CPPT was greater for residents of smaller than larger communities.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Rehabilitation of the diabetic child in Cuba].

The author describes a series of important steps followed in Cuba for the rehabilitation of the diabetic child, like education of the patient and his relatives, active participation of the child in his treatment (self control), hospital attention advisable for a minimal period exclusively in severe cases, attention in office visits as ambulatory patient, participation in vocational, social and psychological orientation activities of the antidiabetic center, areas for sport and recreation, vocational camping for diabetic children, homes, education through press, television and radio of special programs on diabetes.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Gold Award: Community support services for adult psychiatric outpatients. Anchor Mental Health Association, Washington, D.C.

For more than two decades the Anchor Mental Health Association has helped former psychiatric inpatients in the Washington, D.C., area regain their place in the community. Beginning as an informal social club at a federal mental hospital, the association has grown to include a sheltered workshop, a transitional home, and a formal social club for outpatients. Supported by volunteer contributions, the United Way, the Catholic Archdiocese of Washington, and federal and foundation grants and contracts, the association offers services to hundreds of needy outpatients each year. Members of the association also have worked to improve community understanding of mental illness through public appearances on television and radio, and before public, private, and religious agencies, professional groups, and local government agencies.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1980

Environmental influences on self-stimulatory behavior.

Effects of passive environmental conditions (quiet, radio, and television) and manipulable objects (no toys, toys, toys plus staff interaction) on stereotypic behavior were evaluated. Four institutionalized, mentally retarded residents with high rates of stereotypic behavior were observed in a multipurpose room of their cottage. Results showed statistically significant lower levels of stereotypic behavior under the quiet and music conditions as compared to the television condition. There were no significant differences between the three manipulable-object conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Screening for prostate cancer. Does it make a difference?

Susan's father, Sidney Smith, is 63 years old. Recently he has heard on radio and television talk shows that a new test, the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), is now available to check for prostate cancer. During his general check-up visit to your office, he mentions this test and wants to know more. He is in excellent health and his urinary review of systems reveals only a slight decrease in the intensity of his urinary stream. On examination he has moderate prostate enlargement but no palpable nodules. His stool test is Hemoccult negative. The remainder of his examination is normal.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Increasing bicycle helmet use in the community. Measuring response to a wide-scale, 2-year effort.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a wide-scale, long-term community promotional effort would increase the use of bicycle helmets among children. DESIGN: Over 2 years, a non-profit group coordinated a range of activities to promote helmet use. On one date before the intervention began and three dates during the intervention, observers surveyed students riding bicycles. SETTING: Cyclists were observed at 5 elementary schools, three secondary schools, and two community college entrances. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 851 cyclists were observed, 536 of them at elementary schools in a convenience sample. INTERVENTIONS: Print, radio, and television advertising; posters; pamphlets; bicycle rodeos; and a play were used in a public awareness campaign. Health promotion activities included education, social marketing, community development, and legislative action. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of cyclists and whether they wore helmets. RESULTS: Combining the two observation dates for each year, helmet use increased from 5.4% in 1990 to 15.4% in 1991. The greatest increase was observed among elementary school students, the group most at risk of serious head injury or death. Overall, girls were twice as likely to wear helmets as boys. CONCLUSIONS: Wide-scale, long-term community promotion appears to be effective in increasing the use of bicycle helmets.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Improving vaccination coverage in urban areas through a health communication campaign: the 1990 Philippine experience.

From March to September 1990 the Philippine Department of Health, with the assistance of the HEALTHCOM Project, carried out a national mass-media communication campaign to support routine vaccination services. The essential elements of the campaign strategy were as follows: focusing on measles as a way to get mothers to bring their children to the health centre; emphasizing logistic knowledge in the mass-media messages, in particular popularizing a single day of the week as "vaccination day" and giving clear information about the age for measles vaccination; and focusing on urban areas, which had lower vaccination rates than rural areas. Evaluation of the effects of the campaign indicates an increase in vaccination coverage and a substantial increase in the timeliness of vaccination that can be attributed to improvement in carers' knowledge about vaccination. Furthermore, most of the observed increase in knowledge was related to exposure to the mass-media campaign. There was no evidence of any programmatic change that could account for the increase in vaccination or evidence that increased health education efforts at health centres could account for the change in knowledge. These results indicate that when countries meet certain conditions--a high level of access to the media, sufficient expertise and funds available to develop and produce high-quality radio and television advertisements, and a routine system that is able to serve the increased demand--a mass communication campaign can significantly improve vaccination coverage.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Soap power.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about HIV/AIDS among women in northeastern Thailand.

Results of knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices (KABP) interviews (N = 330) and focus groups (12 groups, 80 participants) addressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS conducted with women living in rural villages in Khon Kaen province, Thailand, from November 1991 to January 1992 are reported. Women had obtained most of their information from television and radio. No AIDS health promotion programs had been targeted specifically to rural women. General knowledge regarding modes of transmission and prevention were good. The majority of women (85.5%) identified at least one known mode of transmission. Prostitution and contaminated needles were seen as the predominant sources of risk by these women. This knowledge, however, had not been applied to personal life circumstances in such a way that would facilitate avoidance of HIV infection. For example, few women considered themselves to be at risk for HIV infection even when they recognized that their husbands had engaged in risk-related behaviors (e.g., contracting for the services of commercial sex workers). Focus group discussions clarified the relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS, assessment of personal risk, use of condoms, and prevention strategies in general. Areas of misperception and confusion were identified, as well as potential vehicles for and content of AIDS health promotion initiatives. Results are currently being used to design health promotion interventions to reduce the spread of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

[Awareness of AIDS in selected population groups from the province of Lublin].

The poll carried out among selected community groups in the Lublin Voivodship has shown that the problem of AIDS is looked upon multifariously depending on age. The paper is an attempt to compare opinions of the 18-25 age group (118 people) with those of the 40-60 age group (100 people). The poll, which consisted of 8 questions, has indicated that the knowledge of epidemiology and preventive measures in reference to AIDS is incomplete, the younger group revealing greater awareness of the problem. It has also been determined that the need for information on the HIV virus is high. It has been agreed that television and radio programmes constitute the best methods to convey information on AIDS; the press comes second followed by various publications and open lectures. The poll has also shown that the young tend to accept HIV carriers more than the 40-60 age group.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1993

Under pressure program: using live theatre to investigate adolescents' attitudes and behavior related to drug and alcohol abuse education and prevention.

This paper describes the Under Pressure Program, an innovative communication-centered approach designed to involve Chicago public junior and senior high school students in considering the problems and prevention of adolescent substance abuse. The centerpiece of the program is a 30-minute live musical play, Captain Clean, which incorporates extensive postperformance dialogue and role play to explore the pressures and feelings of adolescents regarding substance abuse. This unique blend of live entertainment and applied learning techniques enables adolescents to understand the pressures they face and teaches them to make responsible choices, in addition to serving as a vehicle for effective school and community substance abuse intervention. By going beyond the 60-second "just say no" television and radio campaigns, the Under Pressure Program addresses the underlying causes of adolescent substance abuse. Students are engaged in active participation rather than the traditional "teach and preach." The goals of the program are (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of live theatre in preventing and intervening in adolescent substance abuse, and (2) to examine the effectiveness of live theatre, via postperformance dialogue and role playing, in soliciting feedback from adolescents as to their own feelings about substance abuse and using school counselors and other available resources, and to build upon their recommendations for improving substance abuse prevention and intervention programs. The program is targeted at predominantly minority, low-income students who have been identified as "high risk." The Under Pressure format consists of four integral parts: faculty/staff community in-service: theatrical performance (Captain Clean); postperformance dialogue and role play; and student, faculty, counselor, and community follow-up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

HIV/AIDS in Costa Rica: epidemiological and sociological features, 1993.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first detected in Costa Rica in 1983. For four years most known cases were in hemophiliac men. Thereafter, AIDS in homosexual and bisexual men predominated. By December 31 of 1993, 563 persons had been diagnosed with the syndrome, 71% of them homosexual and bisexual men, 10% heterosexual men and women, 6% hemophiliacs, 2% intravenous drug abusers (IVDA's), 2% women and men who had blood transfusions, 1.4% infants born to HIV-infected mothers and 7% unknown. The epidemics in homosexual/bisexual men and in heterosexual women and men are rising; cases in infants and in persons who received blood or coagulation factors, are stagnant. The steady increase in AIDS among women is linked to exposure to bisexual partners. The moderate nature of the national epidemic reflects, in part, the low incidence of IVDA, the universal screening of blood donors for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) since 1985, and the prompt banning of unsafe coagulation factors. The projection of AIDS for the year 2000 is 2,304 cases (606 accumulated incidence per million inhabitants). A national educational campaign, radio and television programs and other preventive actions, apparently did not influence the rate of receptive anal intercourse without condom (about 80%) during 9 years of the epidemic. Persons with HIV/AIDS often are deprived of social and medical benefits or are subjected to harassment and exploitation by the health sector. More efficient prevention must target children, adolescents and adults in reproductive age, to promote safer lifestyles, through education and counseling effected through primary health care.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Campaigns against AIDS in Mexico: the sounds of silence or a bridge over troubled waters?].

This paper analyzes the mass media campaigns developed by the Mexican Council for AIDS Control and Prevention (CONASIDA) from 1987 to 1994. This paper presents the lessons learned, a discussion of obstacles and mistakes, and the different evaluation methods which have been used in CONASIDA'S mass media communication strategies and their results. Knowing the opinion of some clue informants was considered relevant--taking into account that evaluations were made by and at CONASIDA--and seven in-depth interviews were conducted among intellectuals, non-governmental organizations (NGO) leaders and public opinion leaders. The importance of society's involvement in AIDS prevention is stated, and two examples of mass media campaigns developed by civil groups are commented. A section about the importance of research as a requisite to produce preventive messages is included, along with some examples. Finally, some conclusions are presented, useful to us, as well as others, in developing new educational campaigns.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗