SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Retinal Detachment”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

[The incidence of retinal detachment after extracapsular cataract extraction in high myopia].

PURPOSE: A retrospective study was performed to determine the incidence of retinal detachment after extracapsular cataract extraction in high myopia and the risk factors associated with the occurrence of retinal detachment. METHODS: Of the 463 patients (463 eyes) who had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction with or without intraocular lenses implant between July 1993 and January 1994, 90 patients companied with high myopia and the others were senior cataract. All patients had been followed up for 27 to 33 months. RESULTS: One (1.11%) developed retinal detachment in the patients with high myopia, and no retinal detachment occurred in the patients with senior cataract. The difference of the incidence of retinal detachment between two groups were no significant (P > 0.05), More myopic patients underwent Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Comparing with intracapsular method, extracapsular cataract extraction decreased the risk of retinal detachment even in the high myopic patients. The risk factors for retinal detachment were young patients, long eye axis and posterior capsulotomy.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

Retinal break type and proliferative vitreoretinopathy in nontraumatic retinal detachment.

In a retrospective study of 1180 consecutive eyes operated for retinal detachment, vitreous traction on the rent was the determining factor for the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Round, multiple, small holes in equatorial degeneration (retinogenic) and macular holes in which no vitreous traction on the rent was found did not complicate with PVR. Retinal detachment caused by horseshoe or crescent-shaped tears with evidence of vitreous traction (vitreogenic) developed PVR to a variable degree: in 171 (25.8%) senile myopic, 19 (44.2%) senile-myopic aphakic, 23 (20.2%) typical aphakic, and 32 (78.1%) patients with giant tears. We also found that retinogenic retinal detachments affected younger age groups more than did vitreogenic retinal detachments.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Fluorosilicone oil in the treatment of retinal detachment.

We evaluated the use of a heavier-than-water fluorinated silicone oil in the treatment of 30 selected cases of complicated retinal detachment from January 1988 to July 1989. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C-2 or greater accounted for 19 cases, proliferative diabetic retinopathy with traction detachment for two cases, giant retinal tears five, ruptured globe with retinal detachment two, massive choroidal effusion with retinal detachment one, and acute retinal necrosis with retinal detachment one. Initial retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases. Complications included redetachment seven (23%), cataract six (75% of phakic patients), raised intraocular pressure four (13%), hypotony four (13%), keratopathy three (10%), uveitis-synechia formation three (10%), phthisis two (3%), choroidal haemorrhage one (3%), and vitreous haemorrhage one (3%). Postoperative visual acuities with at least six months' follow-up range from no light perception to 20/50, with seven patients (23%) 20/400 or better.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Silicone oil-RMN3 mixture ("heavy silicone oil") as internal tamponade for complicated retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a silicone oil-RMN3 mixture ("heavy silicone oil") as heavier as water internal retinal tamponade after vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachment. The relative density of the heavier-than-water silicone oil was 1.03 g/cm3, and the viscosity was 3,800 cSt. Heavy silicone oil is designed to tamponade the inferior retina in complicated retinal detachment. METHODS: Patients with a complicated retinal detachment involving the inferior part of the retina requiring internal tamponade with silicone oil were recruited for this prospective study. Inclusion criteria were retinal detachment secondary to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (stage > or = C2), inferior or posterior tears, or penetrating trauma. The heavy silicone oil was injected at the end of surgery after peeling of retinal membranes or retinotomy. Follow-up examinations were scheduled at 1, 3, 6 months, and 1 year after the initial surgery. RESULTS: A total of 33 eyes of 33 patients aged from 20 to 84 years (mean, 56 +/- 18 years) were treated with heavy silicone oil. Follow-up ranged from 12 to 16 months. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with significant proliferative vitreoretinopathy accounted for 17 cases, inferior holes for three, and trauma with retinal detachment for three. Initial visual acuity ranged from 20/50 to hand motions. Initial retinal reattachment was achieved in all cases. Complications included increased intraocular pressure in six eyes (18%), intraocular inflammation and synechia formation in one eye (3%), a central retinal artery occlusion after heavy oil removal in one eye, and scattered retinal hemorrhages during follow-up in two eyes (6%). Significant emulsification was not observed during intraocular tamponade with heavy silicone oil. At the last follow-up, all eyes had macular attachment, and 24 eyes had a visual acuity better than or equal to 20/400. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this prospective study show the good intraocular tolerance of heavy silicone oil as tamponade in complicated retinal detachment. Its specific gravity allows for sufficient tamponade of inferior retinal tears for at least 3 months without significant side effects.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Elastic fibres in retinal detachment.

Generalised abnormalities have been described previously in familial and bilateral retinal detachment 1.2.3. Some studies have shown the presence of specific histological skin changes in cases of retinal detachment per se as well as in other syndromes having associated retinal detachment, hence pointing towards a generalised abnormality of constitution3.9.12. Drawing an analogy from these observations, the aim of our study was to study the histological changes in the skin of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and to relate its a etiopathogenesis to a generalized abnormality.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

TH1/TH2 balance in the subretinal fluid of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments remains unclear, but some data suggest immune system involvement. Cytokines are substances secreted by cells in order to modulate the function of other cells. They exert primarily local effects. Because the TH1/TH2 balance is crucial in the immune response, the predominance of one cytokine profile in subretinal fluid may be of particular importance in understanding its pathogenesis. MATERIAL/METHODS: We measured the titres of IL-10 and tIL-12 in the subretinal fluid of 36 rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients using ELISA assays. RESULTS: The mean level of IL-10 and tIL-12 in the subretinal fluid was 4.75 pg/ml and 106.5 pg/ml, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It would appear that IL-10 and IL-12 are produced by cells in subretinal fluid, and their presence may be evidence for an existing inflammatory process. Despite the tendency to decreased cytokine concentration over time and the tendency to higher concentrations of IL-10 and tIL-12 when the detachment of the retina is more extensive, no predominance of TH1- or TH2-type response was observed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

The management of retinal detachment complicating degenerative retinoschisis.

We repaired six retinal detachments complicating degenerative retinoschisis by using simultaneous external subretinal fluid drainage and intraocular gas injection without a scleral buckle or vitrectomy. The outer wall breaks were 30 to 135 degrees in size, and in three cases, extended close to the arcade vessels. We achieved retinal reattachment and collapse of the schisis cavity at surgery in all six cases. In one case, the retina redetached postoperatively, but it was repaired with a scleral buckle and gas injection. This technique simplified the management of retinal detachments complicating degenerative retinoschisis, particularly those with large or posterior outer-layer breaks.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Treatment of serous retinal detachments associated with optic disk pits in dogs.

Serous retinal detachment, associated with optic disk pit, was diagnosed in 28 eyes of 24 dogs. Xenon arc photocoagulation was used in treatment of the detachment. Of 24 dogs, 21 were Collies. In 23 eyes, retinal detachments affected temporal and/or inferior portions of the retina. In 5 eyes, detachments were predominantly superior and/or nasal. A single photocoagulation treatment resulted in reattachments in 25 eyes. Of the 3 remaining detachments, 2 eyes improved with additional photocoagulation, and 1 eye, which was not treated further, had a complete retinal detachment.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

An experimental rabbit model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group I (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group I (retinotomy) and 5 in group III (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group I. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group II and III. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

Surgical treatment of retinal detachment from macular hole.

Six cases of retinal detachment from the macular hole were treated by a procedure including closed vitrectomy, air-fluid exchange, and prone positioning of the patient. All of these detachments were of the idiopathic type. Five patients had myopia ranging from -13 to -20 diopters; one was emmetropic. The initial success rate can be considered 100%: in all six cases the retina remained attached during follow-up periods ranging from 4-10 months at least. One later recurrence was not caused by the macular hole. This new technique, which allows permanent releasing of vitreous traction and temporary closure of the hole, shows that idiopathic retinal detachment is caused by vitreous traction.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgery of retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Surgical treatment of retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) depends on understanding both the pathoanatomy of the structural changes and the biologic time course of the intraocular proliferative process. Successful surgery is dependent on treating both the traction and rhegmatogenous components. Vitreous surgery is used to relieve the transvitreal traction and to remove epiretinal membranes causing fixed folding of the posterior retina. A broad and high scleral buckle is used to close all retinal breaks and to relieve remaining anteroperipheral vitreous and epiretinal membrane traction that cannot be relieved by vitrectomy. Vitreous surgery is best done after the proliferative process has run its biologic time course to minimize recurrence of epiretinal membranes. Therefore, staged procedures may be used in selected cases by first modifying the scleral buckle to treat the rhegmatogenous component followed later by definitive vitreous surgery. The principles and techniques of managing retinal detachment with PVR are described.

Humans↗

PubMed1989

Bilateral exudative retinal detachment in pregnancy.

A case of bilateral exudative retinal detachment associated with otherwise normal pregnancy is presented. Similar cases, but associated with toxemia of pregnancy from the literature are discussed. As far as we know, this is first reported case where bilateral exudative retinal detachment presented in a normal pregnancy and the re-attachment started promptly after a normal, spontaneous delivery. The re-attachment was complete, and the visual acuity after one year was 20/20 o.u. This case supports earlier theories that hypertension is not the only cause of exudative retinal detachment during pregnancy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

New and previously unidentified retinal breaks in eyes with recurrent retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

The location of retinal breaks found on preoperative examination was studied in 68 eyes of 68 patients with recurrent retinal detachment and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Twelve eyes had 23 open breaks that were known to exist previously, no open break was detected in 18 eyes, and 72 new or previously unidentified breaks were found in 41 eyes. Forty-seven (65.3%) of the 72 breaks were located on previous buckles, and 31 of these were on the posterior slope of the buckle. Twenty-nine (40.2%) of all new or previously unidentified breaks were on the border of a cryopexy-induced chorioretinal scar, and of these, 25 breaks (86%) were on the posterior slope of the buckle. Our results indicate that the retina that borders chorioretinal scars is vulnerable and prone to develop retinal tears secondary to traction from preretinal membranes. The vicinity of cryopexy-induced scars should be closely observed for retinal breaks in cases of recurrent retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Choroid↗

PubMed1977

Cataract surgery in eyes predisposed to retinal detachment.

Modifications in cataract surgery technique in patients who have had previous retinal detachment surgery is considered in the following groups: previous "phakic" retinal detachment, in the same eye, in the fellow eye, and previous aphakic retinal detachment in the fellow eye. Prophylactic treatment prior to cataract surgery in these groups is also discussed as well as the prophylaxis of predisposing lesions prior to lens extraction. Finally, the place of cataract surgery in the presence of a retinal detachment is reviewed.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗

PubMed1978

Long-term results of retinal detachment surgery.

Patients treated successfully with retinal detachment surgery 11-39 years earlier were called back and examined. The average age was 35 years at the time of surgery and the average interval between the operation and this follow-up examination was 16 years. The visual acuity had decreased in many patients. The most frequent causes of this fall in visual acuity after surgery were cataract and macular degeneration. Chorioretinal atrophy with blackish pigment spots developed in the reattached retina a long time after surgery and caused defects in the visual fields. This atrophy seems to be related to the long duration of retinal detachment before and after operation, which may cause malnutrition of the detached retina and result in incomplete recovery of visual cells, leading to chorioretinal atrophy. Macular degeneration was caused or accelerated by detachment of the macula. There was no difference in postoperative ocular findings between only diathermy and combination of diathermy with segmental scleral-buckling procedures. However, Arruga's ring suture method induced cataract more frequently than did other surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Optic disc coloboma associated with macular hole and retinal detachment.

A 15-year-old myopic girl had a retinal detachment associated with optic disc coloboma and a macular hole. The retinal detachment was treated successfully with vitrectomy, drainage of the subretinal fluid, and gas tamponade. The possibility of a macular hole should be investigated in myopic eyes with optic disc colobomas and retinal detachments. To the best of our knowledge, such a combination has not been described previously.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

The correlation between height of macular detachment and visual outcome in macula-off retinal detachments of < or = 7 days' duration.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the height of macular detachment and visual recovery after treatment of macula-off retinal detachments (RDs) of < or = 7 days' duration. DESIGN: Prospective comparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-two eyes of 52 consecutive patients who presented to one institution with macula-off RDs of < or = 7 days' duration were prospectively enrolled in the study. METHODS: Gender, age, lens status, duration of macular detachment, and presenting visual acuity (VA) were recorded for all patients. Each patient underwent a 3-dimensional B-scan ultrasound examination at the time of presentation. The height of macular detachment was calculated using the mean measured distance between the retinal pigment epithelium and the outer neurosensory retina 3, 4, and 5 mm temporal to the center of the optic nerve head. All patients underwent primarily successful reattachment surgery within 7 days of macular detachment. Final vision was recorded with a minimum of 6 months' follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Postoperative VA evaluated as a continuous variable. RESULTS: For the 52 subjects, a direct correlation between lower height of macular detachment and better final postoperative vision (dependent variable) was observed with linear regression (slope, 0.114; 95% confidence interval, 0.022-0.206; P = 0.016). Multivariate linear regression analysis with a backward stepwise approach did not demonstrate any significant association between postoperative vision and predictor variables (gender, age, lens status, duration of macular detachment, macular height, and preoperative vision), except for macular height. CONCLUSION: Lower height of macular detachment correlates with better visual recovery after treatment of macula-off RDs of < or = 7 days' duration.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[The application of perfluoroethane made in China for treatment of retinal detachment].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate perfluoroethane in the treatment of retinal detachment. METHODS: Various percentages of perfluoroethane were used and combined with routine scleral buckling and/or vitrectomy to treat 100 cases of retinal detachment. RESULTS: The reattachment rate of retinal detachment was up to 76.0% after 2 to 14 months of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Perfluoroethane is a safe, reliable and middle-effective intraocular gas tamponade.

Adolescent↗