SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “SARTORIUS MUSCLE”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary hydatid cyst of the thigh: a case report of an unusual localization.

The sartorius muscle is a rare location of primary hydatid cyst. In this report, the clinical, pathologic, and radiologic features are discussed, with special emphasis on the pathologic and radiographic features. We report a case of hydatid cyst of the proximal thigh in an eight-year-old girl. Magnetic resonance (MR) images revealed muscular hydatid cyst in the sartorius muscle, with a striking appearance of daughter cysts. We did not find any visceral organ involvement. Wide excision was performed without destroying the cyst wall. Primary muscular hydatidosis should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of a cystic mass of a skeletal muscle.

Child↗

PubMed1992

Microvascular flow response to localized application of norepinephrine on capillaries in rat and frog skeletal muscle.

Recently, Dietrich (1989, Microvasc. Res. 38, 125-135) demonstrated that a local application of a minute amount of norepinephrine (NE, 5.5 mM, 0.01-88 pmole) on a capillary in rat mesentery can elicit constriction of the feeding arteriole 0.5-1.0 mm away. This constriction can reduce or even stop blood flow in capillaries supplied by the arteriole. The main objective here was to show that the phenomenon of reduced flow occurs not only in the rat mesentery but also in other tissues and species. We chose to study the rat tibialis anterior and frog sartorius muscles. Using the same intravital video-microscopic approach as in the mesentery, strong NE stimuli (3 mM) were applied iontophoretically 48 times to 19 capillaries in 10 rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. They resulted in significant reductions (average: 80%) of the red blood cell velocity (VRBC) in capillaries. The onset of these reductions (i.e., 10% decrease from control) occurred within 3-52 sec (average: 20.9 sec) from the time of NE application. Reductions lasted 6.0 min. The same stimuli were applied 42 times to 15 capillaries in 6 frogs anesthetized with urethane. The average VRBC reduction was 86%. The onset occurred within 30.6 sec while the reduction lasted 6.6 min. Under the same conditions, arteriolar diameters in the sartorius muscle decreased significantly from 28.5 to 22.5 microns (n = 8). We also used local microinjection of small droplets of NE (30 mM) to 13 capillaries in 7 frogs. This resulted in a significant VRBC reduction of 64% with an onset time of 44.2 sec and a reduction duration of 17.2 min. Weak NE stimuli (3 microM) applied iontophoretically to 10 capillaries in 5 frogs resulted in marginal, but significant, VRBC reductions (9%). The present study demonstrates that the phenomenon of reduced flow after local application of NE may be a general phenomenon as it occurs also in skeletal muscle in both rat and frog. Our accompanying paper addresses the hypothesis that the phenomenon reflects communication of a NE-induced signal along the capillary.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Changes in the mechanical properties of human and amphibian muscle after eccentric exercise.

Following a series of eccentric contractions, that is stretching of the muscle while generating active tension, the length-tension relationship of isolated amphibian muscle has been shown to shift towards longer muscle length (Katz 1939; Wood et al. 1993). Here we report observations of electrically stimulated ankle extensor muscles of nine human subjects, demonstrating a similar shift in optimum angle for torque generation [3.9 (1.5) degrees] following exercise on an inclined treadmill that involved eccentric contractions in one leg. (All values are means with the SEMs in parentheses). The shift in the unexercised, control leg was significantly less [mean 0.4 (0.7) degree P < 0.05]. Correlated with this shift was a drop in torque [25.1 (5.6)% for the experimental leg; 1.6 (0.7)% for the control leg, P < 0.002]. Optimum angles returned to pre-exercise values by 2 days post-exercise, while torque took a week to recover. A similar shift in optimum length [12 (1.3)% of rest length] was obtained for five toad (Bufo marinus) sartorius muscles subjected to 25 eccentric contractions. Isometrically contracted control muscles showed a smaller shift [3.5 (1.6)%, n = 5]. Accompanying the shift was a drop in tension of 46 (3)% after the eccentric contractions [control isometric, 23 (6)%, P < 0.0001]. By 5 h after the eccentric contractions the shift had returned to control values, while tension had not recovered. When viewed with an electron microscope, sartorius muscles fixed immediately after the eccentric contractions exhibited many small, and a few larger, regions of myofilament disruption. In muscles fixed 5 h after the contractions, no small regions of disruption were visible, and the number of large regions was no greater than in those muscles fixed immediately after the eccentric contractions. These disruptions are interpreted as the cause of the shift in length-tension relationship.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Musculus sartorius bicaudatus.

While dissecting 88 lower limbs, a distal division of the sartorius muscle was detected in one of the specimens. The larger posteromedial portion was found to take a normal course to the so-called superficial pes anserinus. The thinner anterolateral portion attached to the medial meniscus anteromedially. The smaller anterolateral part approached the medial meniscus anteromedially, pushing the synovial membrane into the joint. Its meniscal attachment ensures that the medial meniscus is stabilized in its primary position during bending and external rotation in the knee joint, thus preventing its herniation or injury during sudden extension. The accessory part of the sartorius muscle thus acts as a protector of the medial meniscus.

Cadaver↗

PubMed1991

Femoral vessel coverage with dura mater after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy.

Twenty patients undergoing inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for vulvar malignancy had the femoral vessels covered with freeze-dried human cadaver dura mater; 5 patients had a radical vulvectomy and 15 had a modified radical vulvectomy, and a total of 38 groins were explored. The dura mater was sutured to the inguinal ligament, sartorius muscle fascia, and adductor longus muscle fascia. Three of the thirty-eight wounds had wound breakdown uncovering the dura mater; each of the groins healed satisfactorily by secondary intention without exposing the femoral vessels. Three patients developed cellulitis without wound breakdown and three patients developed lymphocysts. All groin wounds have healed completely and there have been no delayed complications. The mean follow up was 12.5 months (range, 2-30 months). Coverage of the femoral vessels with dura mater after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy appears to be a safe and effective alternative to the technically more difficult and more time-consuming sartorius muscle transplant.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Artificial Dura Film for femoral vessel coverage after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy.

Eleven patients undergoing inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the vulva had the femoral vessels covered with Dura Film (Codman, Randolph, MA); a total of 21 groins were explored. The Dura Film was sutured to the inguinal ligament, sartorius muscle fascia, and adductor longus fascia. Nine of the 21 groins became infected with 3 of these breaking down; each of these 3 required removal of the Dura Film to achieve satisfactory healing. One patient developed a unilateral inflammatory groin mass requiring surgical removal of the Dura Film. One patient developed a chronic draining sinus that required surgical intervention. Seven groins developed lymphocysts. The morbidity was high with 9 of the 11 patients experiencing complications. Coverage of the femoral vessels with Dura Film after inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy is not an effective alternative to human dura mater or sartorius muscle transplant.

Aged↗

PubMed1968

The relation between sodium ion content and efflux of labelled sodium ions from yeast.

1. The activity of the Na(+) pump in an Na(+)-rich yeast was compared with that in an Na(+)-rich frog sartorius muscle, and found to be very similar to it over the first hour if both were immersed in fluid containing 104mm-Na(+) plus 10mm-K(+). 2. The efflux of labelled Na(+) from an Na(+)-rich yeast into an Na(+)-free medium was investigated. In this Na(+)-free medium, Li(+) or choline replaced the Na(+), and the efflux-content curves obtained with either of these ions were very similar. The curves were sigmoid, reaching or approaching a saturation at the higher internal Na(+) concentrations. 3. The curves obtained with yeast resembled those similarly obtained with frog sartorius muscle by Keynes & Swan (1959), Mullins & Frumento (1963), Harris (1965) and Keynes (1965). The slope of the plot of the logarithm of the Na(+) efflux against the logarithm of the Na(+) concentration in the cells reached its highest value at an internal Na(+) concentration of 15m-equiv./kg. (27m-equiv./l. of cell water). 4. The effect of external K(+) concentration on the efflux-content relationship was examined. An increased K(+) concentration was found to increase the Na(+) efflux by raising the saturation value, which is similar to observations made by Harris (1965) with frog muscle. 5. The effect of increasing the external carbon dioxide concentration was investigated. No effect on the slope of the plot of the logarithm of the Na(+) efflux against the logarithm of the Na(+) content was noticed even when the yeast suspension was equilibrated with 100% carbon dioxide. There was, however, a decrease in the amount of Na(+) efflux on equilibrating the solution with carbon dioxide.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of lymphorrhea with exposed or infected vascular prosthetic grafts in the groin using sartorius myoplasty.

Thirteen myoplasties using the sartorius muscle were performed on 12 patients from 1980 to 1985 for "healing problems" in the groin with subjacent synthetic grafts. Persistant aseptic lymphorrhea was the indication for 4 patients. In 3 other cases, bacterial cultures from the wound were positive. In 2 other patients there was clinical evidence of sepsis with purulent discharge from the wound and an exposed graft. In 3 cases myoplasty was used as a preventive measure after reoperation on patients in poor general condition. Follow-up extends from 3 to 54 months. There was only one recurrence observed at 19 months which was successfully treated by segmental resection of the infected graft and insertion of a new prosthesis through the obturator canal. No recurrence was observed among the other patients as judged by clinical observation and biological tests for inflammation, echotomography, CT scan and indium scintigraphy. The treatment of choice for an infected prosthesis should be removal of the graft and extra-anatomic bypass in the majority of cases. However in some situations, excision of the wound and myoplasty using the sartorius muscle may be of some value and needs further evaluation.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗

PubMed1967

The margin of safety of neuromuscular transmission.

1. The margin of safety for neuromuscular transmission in the tibialis and sartorius muscles of the cat has been determined by measuring the ratio by which end-plate depolarization produced by succinylcholine, decamethonium, octamethonium or iodocholine is antagonized, in the presence of neuromuscular block produced by tubocurarine, gallamine or DF-596. The estimate of the margin of safety was independent of the particular drugs chosen for the measurement.2. To produce threshold block to indirect stimulation once every 10 sec, a fractional occupancy by the antagonist of 0.76 +/- 0.05 (S.D.) was required; for nearly complete block, an occupancy of 0.917 +/- 0.16 (S.D.) was required. These figures correspond to factors of safety of 4.1 and 12 for the most sensitive and the most resistant groups of fibres respectively.3. The interaction between the agonists and the antagonists, when tested over a wide range of dosage, did not conform with the conditions of full competitive equilibrium. It was concluded that this arose, not because of some interfering non-competitive process, but because, during the relatively brief exposure to agonist, the equilibrium between the antagonist and the receptors is not significantly disturbed. An analysis of this condition of quasi-equilibrium is given. A correction downwards of the direct estimates of the margin of safety is required, but this proves to be small, about 8%, and may not be significant.4. The safety factor diminished when the motor nerve had been cut more than 5 hr; it is suggested that this represents an early sign of nerve degeneration.5. With dog sartorius muscle, results similar to those in the cat were obtained. But for deep block in the rabbit, the safety factor was only about 4.6. The existence of a substantial margin of safety influences considerably the interpretation of the time course of action of blocking drugs, and of comparisons between responses to nervous excitation and drug injection.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Nystatin-, mycoheptin- and levorin-induced conductance in the membrane of frog skeletal muscle fibres.

The effects of the polyene antibiotics nystatin (2 x 10(-5)-10(-4) mol/l), mycoheptin (1.3 x 10(-6)-10(-5) mol/l) and levorin (10(-8)-5 x 10(-5) mol/l) on isolated frog skeletal muscle fibres and whole sartorius muscles of the frog have been investigated. Cation conductance was measured under current clamp conditions using a double sucrose-gap technique. Cation effluxes were studied by means of flame emission photometry. All three antibiotics increased the cation conductance and efflux rates; however, differences between the polyenes were found in the steady state values of induced cation transport at a given concentration. The values of both induced conductance gA infinity and efflux rate constants KA formed the following sequence: levorin > mycoheptin > nystatin, demonstrating a correlation with the order of antifungal activities. The dose-response curves of lg polyene-induced cation transport against lg of antibiotic concentration in our experiments had slope values which were much lower than those in bilayers: 1.7 and 1.3 for nystatin and mycoheptin, respectively, whereas the aromatic heptaene levorin had an even smaller concentration dependence. The decline in the equilibrium conductance caused by nystatin- and mycoheptin removal was very fast (during the first minute tau = 0.74 and 2.39 min, respectively). In contrast, levorin-induced conductance was irreversible. It is proposed that the processes which limit the rate of channel formation are different in biological and model membranes.

Animals↗

PubMed1988

Actin filament organization and myosin head labelling patterns in vertebrate skeletal muscles in the rigor and weak binding states.

The structures of vertebrate skeletal muscles (particularly from frog and fish) in the rigor state are analysed in terms of the concept of target areas on actin filaments. Assuming that 100% of the heads are to be attached to actin in rigor, then satisfactory qualitative low-resolution modelling of observed X-ray diffraction data is obtained if the outer ends of these myosin heads can move axially (total range about 200A) and azimuthally (total range less than 60 degrees) from their original lattice sites on the myosin filament surface to attach in defined target areas on the actin filaments. On this basis, each actin target area comprises about four actin monomers along one of the two long-pitched helical strands of the actin filament (about 200 A) or an azimuthal range of actin binding sites of about 100 degrees around the thin filament axis. If myosin heads simply label in a non-specific way the nearest actin monomers to them, as could occur with non-specific transient attachment in a 'weak binding' state, then the predicted X-ray diffraction pattern would comprise layer lines at the same axial spacings (orders of 429 A) as those seen in patterns from resting muscle. It is shown that actin target areas in vertebrate skeletal muscles are probably arranged on an approximate 62 (right-handed) helix of pitch (P) of about 720 A, subunit translation P/6 and near repeat P/2. Troponin position need not be considered in defining the labelling pattern of cross-bridges on this 62 helix of target areas; the target areas appear to be defined solely by the azimuthal position of the actin binding sites. The distribution of actin filament labelling patterns could be regular in fish muscle which has a 'crystalline' A-band, but will be irregular in higher vertebrate muscles such as frog sartorius muscle.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗

PubMed1988

Reversible effect of depolarization by K-propionate on sub-miniature endplate potential to bell-miniature endplate potential ratios, on miniature endplate potential frequencies and amplitudes, and on synaptic vesicle diameters and densities in frog neuromuscular junctions.

Miniature endplate potentials were recorded from edge muscle fibers of frog sartorius muscles during high frequencies induced with K-propionate and during recovery. The identified neuromuscular junctions were studied with the electron microscope and their ultrastructure was correlated with amplitude and numbers of miniature endplate potentials generated. Miniature endplate potential amplitudes were maintained during the first 10 min of depolarization. They then decreased during the next 2-3 h until the mode was lost to the noise. Miniature endplate potential frequency was greatly increased during the first hour and there was initial depletion of vesicles. Miniature endplate potential frequencies remained high (5 x 10(5)/h) for 3 h but vesicle densities returned to nearly normal values during the second to third hour of treatment. The conspicuous infolding of the presynaptic membrane noted during the first hour of treatment suggests that recycling of vesicles is initially slower than fusion. Calculated recycling time is shorter than 25 min. During recovery after prolonged K-propionate treatment, the sub-miniature endplate potential class reappeared within minutes but about 20 min were required before it returned to control size. Subsequently, the bell-miniature endplate potentials reappeared and slowly increased in amplitude. The ultrastructure returned to a normal state. There was no change in vesicle diameters. No significant difference was found between the diameters of "touching vesicles" (vesicles touching the presynaptic membrane) and the non-touching vesicles. By comparison, lanthanum ions (1 mM) released a smaller number of quanta which did not exceed the number of vesicles present at the start of the experiment. Variations of the subunit hypothesis of the quantum of transmitter release are discussed.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1994

Cation conductance and efflux induced by polyene antibiotics in the membrane of skeletal muscle fiber.

Cation conductance and efflux induced by polyene antibiotics amphotericin B (AMB), amphotericin B methyl ester (AME), nystatin, mycoheptin, and levorin on frog isolated skeletal muscle fibers and whole sartorius muscles were investigated. Conductance was measured under current-clamp conditions using a double sucrose-gap technique. Cation efflux was studied using flame emission photometry. Some new data were obtained concerning the effects of levorin and mycoheptin on biological membranes. The power dependence of polyene-induced cation transport on antibiotic concentration in muscle membrane was lower than that in bilayers. The decline in the equilibrium conductance caused by polyene removal (except for levorin) was very fast. There was reverse temperature dependence of AMB- and nystatin-induced conductances. Both induced conductance and efflux values demonstrated a correlation with the order of antifungal activities: levorin > AMB, mycoheptin > AME > nystatin, except for AME, which was more potent on yeastlike cells. These effects were interpreted in terms of possible differences in the kinetics of channel formation in biological and model membranes and in light of the role of nonconducting antibiotic forms in biological membranes.

Amphotericin B↗

PubMed1996

Lethal congenital muscular dystrophy in two sibs with arthrogryposis multiplex: new entity or variant of cobblestone lissencephaly syndrome?

We report on two sisters of first degree cousin parents who were born with severe hypotonia, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and dysmorphic features consistent with the fetal akinesia/hypokinesia sequence. They needed assisted ventilation and each died at the age of 5 months. Both had type II lissencephaly (cobblestone lissencephaly) which was visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the proband. Ophthalmic evaluation revealed no ocular malformations in either of them. Brain auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) revealed bilateral severe sensorineural hearing loss in the proband, whereas an MRI-guided open muscle biopsy of the sartorius muscle (the only remaining thigh muscle) showed features of muscular dystrophy. Immunohistochemistry revealed normal dystrophin, dystrophin-associated glycoproteins (DAG) and merosin. Certain clinical and pathological features distinguish the disease seen in these sisters from reported isolated cases where lethal AMC was associated with brain dysplasia and from the main syndromes of congenital muscular dystrophy/cobblestone lissencephaly. Differences from the Walker-Warburg syndrome, which simulates it in severity, included the absence of severe hydrocephalus, normal creatine kinase (for age) and minimal (mainly periventricular) white matter abnormalities. The findings suggest either an independent entity, in the studied family, or an allelic variation of the cobblestone lissencephaly (type II lissencephaly) syndrome.

Arthrogryposis↗

PubMed2002

Effect of selection for improved body weight and composition on muscle and meat characteristics in Muscovy duck.

1. For 25 years, the Muscovy duck has been selected for greater body weight at slaughter age, higher meat yield and lower fat content. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of such selection on the biochemical and technological characteristics of duck meat. 2. A line which has been maintained without any selection since 1975 (control line) and a heavy line now commercialised (selected line) were reared under the same conditions. We compared growth performances, dressing and dissection yields and biochemical and technological characteristics of duck meat at 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age. 3. Our results showed that an indirect effect of selection was to increase the duck growth rate. At a given age, muscle weights and yields as well as carcase fat content were higher for selected ducks. In the selected line, muscle fibres were larger and the collagen content in muscles lower. 4. The Sartorius muscle in ducks from the selected line exhibited a higher percentage in numbers of white type IIb fibres to the detriment of red type IIa fibres. Its glycolytic enzyme activity was higher and its oxidative enzyme activity lower. 5. In breast muscle, selection decreased the rate of post-mortem decline in pH value, increased protein and mineral contents and decreased moisture. It did not affect fibre type, colour, haem pigment and lipid contents, collagen solubility or drip loss. 6. In conclusion, the effects of Muscovy duck selection on meat quality were relatively moderate.

Aging↗

PubMed1996

An electromyographic study of the hip muscles of transfemoral amputees in walking.

The aim of this study was to obtain insight into the electromyographic activity of the hip muscles after transfemoral amputation and to determine whether the cleaved hip muscles are still functional in locomotion. The electromyographic activity of the superficial hip muscles of both legs was studied in 11 men who had a unilateral transfemoral amputation. The intact muscles at the intact and amputated side showed the same sequence of activity as did those in healthy subjects, but during a longer period of time. The activity of the cleaved muscles with intact muscle fibers (gluteus maximus, tensor fasciae latae) was dependent on whether the iliotibial tract was reanchored. If the iliotibial tract was fixed, the same activity was found in the muscles of the patients as in those of healthy subjects. The activity of the cleaved, once biarticular, muscles (sartorius, rectus femoris, hamstring muscles, gracilis) was dependent on whether the muscles were reanchored and on the level of amputation. If the cleaved muscles were reanchored correctly, the muscles remained functional in locomotion in patients with an amputation in the distal half of the femur. In patients with high amputation levels, these muscles were almost continuously active; they probably play a role in fixing the socket.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microvascular free tissue transfer: results in 57 consecutive cases.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcomes and complications in a consecutive series of animals undergoing microvascular reconstructive procedures at two veterinary institutions. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS OR SAMPLE POPULATION: A total of 44 client-owned dogs and one red-necked wallaby. METHODS: The medical records of all animals undergoing reconstructive microsurgical procedures at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine and Michigan State University were reviewed. Microvascular flap survival and related complications were described. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the significance of relationships between operative factors and outcome. RESULTS: A total of 57 microvascular procedures were performed on 55 animals. Reconstruction was required after trauma in 42 animals, after ablative cancer surgery in 11 animals and for correction of congenital tissue aplasia in I animal. Donor tissues included the superficial cervical cutaneous, medial saphenous fasciocutaneous or musculofasciocutaneous, caudal superficial epigastric cutaneous, trapezius muscle or musculocutaneous, caudal sartorius muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle or musculocutaneous, cranial abdominal myoperitoneal, carpal footpad, digital footpad, and vascularized ulnar bone flaps. A total of 53 of 57 flaps (93%) survived. There was a significant relationship between flap failure and level of assistant surgeon experience (P < .05). Latissimus dorsi flaps were significantly more likely to fail when compared with pooled data from all other flap types (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: The success of microvascular tissue transfer in this case series compares favorably with those reported in human reconstructive microsurgery. Both the primary and assistant surgeon should be practiced in microsurgical technique. Failure of latissimus dorsi flaps was not likely caused by an inherently deficient flap design, but was more likely attributed to the location and severity of trauma at the recipient site, the difficulty in isolating suitable recipient vessels for anastomosis or the absence of a trained assistant surgeon during these procedures. Clinical Relevance-This retrospective study documents the successful application of microvascular technique in a series of clinical cases requiring tissue reconstruction.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗

PubMed1985

[Distribution and functioning of mediator release sites in the neuromuscular junction of the frog].

Two microelectrodes were used to record end plate potentials (EPPs) and miniature EPPs (MEPPs) in a single nerve-muscle synapse of frog sartorius muscle. Under conditions of extracellular recording on the scattering diagrams of MEPPs amplitude some groups of signals (fields) were revealed which reflect the transmitter secretion in spatially distinct sites of the nerve terminal. It was found that the release sites in the synapse were grouped in certain areas and have different probability of quantum transmitter secretion. The comparison of fields on the scatter diagrams of MEPPs amplitude and that of uniquantal EPPs at low [Ca]0 (0.2-0.4 mmol/l) showed that the probability of the evoked and spontaneous transmitter release is different in certain secretion sites and sometimes a release site does not take part in evoked secretion. Simultaneous recording of synaptic potentials by extra- and intracellular electrodes showed that the transmitter secretion in spatially distinct groups of release sites leads to the appearance of multimodality on amplitude distribution of intracellular MEPPs and EPPs.

Animals↗