[Auditory risks related to use of the walkman].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Auditory Perceptual Disorders”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[Problems in auditory perception and verbal and nonverbal intelligence].
The connection between auditory perception and verbal/nonverbal cognitive achievements were studied in a sample of 300 clients of the school counselling service in the district of Neuss. Nearly 46% of the pupils do have problems with the auditory perception; these pupils do have lower test-results in overall intelligence, especially in verbal cognitive achievements. It is concluded that tests concerning the auditory perception should be used more often.
Adolescent↗
[Palinacousis related to right temporo-parietal hemorrhage].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗
[Acoustic hallucinosis in an elderly patient--induced by diltiazem hydrochloride].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
Auditory integration training and facilitated communication for autism. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Children with Disabilities.
This statement reviews the basis for two new therapies for autism-auditory integration training and facilitative communication. Both therapies seek to improve communication skills. Currently available information does not support the claims of proponents that these treatments are efficacious. Their use does not appear warranted at this time, except within research protocols.
Adolescent↗
Hemispheric laterality and memory bias for threat in anxiety disorders.
The authors examined auditory perceptual asymmetries and explicit memory biases for threat in patients with panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder relative to healthy control subjects. They did not find a greater explicit memory bias for threat in the anxiety patients. However, explicit memory biases for threat were associated with perceptual asymmetry scores; patients with a greater right-ear (left hemisphere) advantage exhibited an explicit memory bias for threat material, whereas patients with a lower right-ear advantage displayed apparent cognitive avoidance of threat material. Memory for threat words was unrelated to perceptual asymmetry in healthy control subjects. These findings suggest that neuropsychological variables may partly determine the degree to which anxiety patients process threatening stimuli.
Adult↗
Deficits in auditory temporal and spectral resolution in language-impaired children.
Between 3 and 6 per cent of children who are otherwise unimpaired have extreme difficulties producing and understanding spoken language. This disorder is typically labelled specific language impairment. Children diagnosed with specific language impairment often have accompanying reading difficulties (dyslexia), but not all children with reading difficulties have specific language impairment. Some researchers claim that language impairment arises from failures specific to language or cognitive processing. Others hold that language impairment results from a more elemental problem that makes affected children unable to hear the acoustic distinctions among successive brief sounds in speech. Here we report the results of psychophysical tests employing simple tones and noises showing that children with specific language impairment have severe auditory perceptual deficits for brief but not long tones in particular sound contexts. Our data support the view that language difficulties result from problems in auditory perception, and provide further information about the nature of these perceptual problems that should contribute to improving the diagnosis and treatment of language impairment and related disorders.
Analysis of Variance↗
Is panic disorder linked to cognitive avoidance of threatening information?
We used a directed-forgetting paradigm to investigate whether panic disorder patients cognitively avoid threatening information. To determine if hemispheric laterality predicts processing biases in this paradigm, we used dichotic listening methods to ascertain participants' auditory perceptual asymmetry (PA). Panic disorder patients and healthy control participants viewed a series of intermixed threat, positive, and neutral words, each followed by an instruction to either remember the word or forget it. They then performed free recall and recognition tests for all words, irrespective of initial instructions. Directed-forgetting effects occurred equally for all word types: both groups recalled remember-words better than forget-words. Because this task is strongly affected by encoding style, panic patients as a group do not seem to avoid encoding threat cues. However, PA analyses revealed that cognitive avoidance of threat forget-words was significantly associated with greater left hemisphere bias in the control group and nonsignificantly associated with lesser left hemisphere bias in the panic disorder group.
Adult↗
Acquired word deafness, and the temporal grain of sound representation in the primary auditory cortex.
This paper explores the nature of the processing disorder which underlies the speech discrimination deficit in the syndrome of acquired word deafness following from pathology to the primary auditory cortex. A critical examination of the evidence on this disorder revealed the following. First, the most profound forms of the condition are expressed not only in an isolation of the cerebral linguistic processor from auditory input, but in a failure of even the perceptual elaboration of the relevant sounds. Second, in agreement with earlier studies, we conclude that the perceptual dimension disturbed in word deafness is a temporal one. We argue, however, that it is not a generalized disorder of auditory temporal processing, but one which is largely restricted to the processing of sounds with temporal content in the milliseconds to tens-of-milliseconds time frame. The perceptual elaboration of sounds with temporal content outside that range, in either direction, may survive the disorder. Third, we present neurophysiological evidence that the primary auditory cortex has a special role in the representation of auditory events in that time frame, but not in the representation of auditory events with temporal grains outside that range.
Animals↗
Children's language disorders: recent research advances.
Between 3 and 8% of preschool children in Britain and the United States are delayed in their language development by more than a year below the normal range. Evidence suggests that such children are particularly impaired in acquiring syntactic and morphological rules, although well-defined syndromes of impaired language development have not yet been determined. The effects of preschool impairments in language development on subsequent school achievement are significant: 60% of these children are in special classes for the learning impaired at 9 years of age. Auditory processing deficits have been demonstrated in language-impaired children, but the contributions of such deficits to language development difficulties have yet to be determined. While autistic children have severe cognitive disorders and visual and auditory perceptual disturbances, the difficulties of nonautistic language-impaired children seem confined more to language expression and comprehension. Recent neuropsychological evidence concerning brain organization for language behavior suggests that these children have deficiencies in language functions which normally depend on left hemisphere functioning.
Achievement↗
Do self-reports of perceptual anomalies reflect gating deficits in schizophrenia patients?
Jin and colleagues presented an innovative study examining P50 suppression and patients' self-reported perceptual anomalies as two related operational measures of sensory gating deficits in schizophrenia patients. They found that those schizophrenia patients who endorsed experiences of sensory inundation had normal levels of P50 suppression, whereas patients who tended to endorse fewer complaints of perceptual anomalies had P50 suppression deficits. Jin et al's finding challenges the common belief that P50 suppression deficits are associated with cognitive and sensory anomalies reflecting poor gating in schizophrenia patients. This article comments on how the dissociation between phenomenological experiences of gating disturbances and P50 suppression might be explained by the limits of self-report in schizophrenia patients who have deficient insight and self-awareness. We hypothesize that the self-reported inability to screen out irrelevant stimuli reflects a voluntary, controlled process that is different from the involuntary, automatic process measured by P50 suppression.
Attention↗
Unilateral neglect after right-hemisphere damage: contributions from event-related potentials.
Unilateral neglect is a frequent sequel of right-hemisphere damage. Patients suffering from neglect may fail to detect, orient to, acknowledge or respond to stimuli on their contralesional side, even in the absence of primary sensory or motor loss. Despite the major clinical significance of the phenomenon and its potential implications for our understanding of human cognition, the underlying cognitive deficits are not well understood. We review the relatively few event-related potential studies that attempted to assess the different parts of the cognitive system in neglect patients. We suggest that theories of neglect, based primarily on performance data, may be refined by incorporating these results, and that this line of research may provide information that is not available using traditional performance measures.
Attention↗
Auditory and phonetic perception of vowels in children with apraxic speech disorders.
The aim of this study was to assess auditory and phonetic perceptual processing of vowels in children with apraxic disorders, who demonstrated clinically with only a speech output deficit. Two experiments were conducted. In the preparatory Experiment 1 series of vowels were constructed by moving formant frequencies away from the extreme values in the vowel space in the direction of a 'neutral-vowel position'. These were presented to adults and children with no speech-language involvement. Based on identification performance low-redundancy vowels were selected, which served as the end-points of two vowel continua: /i/-/i/ and /a/-/a/. In Experiment 2 these continua were used in identification and discrimination tasks, presented to 11 children with apraxic speech problems (aged 6:11 to 9:6 years) and 12 normally developing children. The results showed poorer perception of vowels for the children with apraxic speech problems than for the control children for both continua. Identification functions indicated poorer phonetic processing; discrimination functions indicated poorer auditory processing. Furthermore, a combination of perception measures (identification and discrimination) proved to have a high differential and clinical value for the assessment of children with apraxic speech problems. The results support the view that subtle (subclinical) auditory processing deficits make part of speech output disorders.
Adult↗
Word deafness and auditory cortical function. A case history and hypothesis.
A patient who already had Wernicke's aphasia due to a left temporal lobe lesion suffered a severe deterioration specifically of auditory language comprehension, subsequent to right temporal lobe infarction. A detailed comparison of his new condition with his language status before the second stroke revealed that the newly acquired deficit was limited to tasks related to auditory input. Further investigations demonstrated a speech perceptual disorder, which we analysed as due to deficits both at the level of general auditory processes and at the level of phonetic analysis. We discuss some arguments related to hemisphere specialization of phonetic processing and to the disconnection explanation of word deafness that support the hypothesis of word deafness being generally caused by mixed deficits.
Aphasia, Wernicke↗
[Study on perceptual hearing disorders].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
[Acoustic and optical perceptual disorders in depressive diseases--an overview of results from experimental studies].
This literature review concentrates on a disregarded part of depressive disorders' symptomatology (especially concerning present-day classifications of mental disorders) that can be approached with a great number of experimental procedures. From the acoustical field the following findings are demonstrated and discussed: elevated click thresholds in auditory signal detection, changed ear asymmetry in dichotic click detection and differences in dichotic listening asymmetries according to symptomatology. The most important results from the so far investigated optical perceptual disturbances in depressive disorders are: breakdown of perceptual defence in the form of greater access to emotionally unpleasant stimuli referring to the tachistoscopic recognition of neutral/unpleasant words, impairments at near-distance assessments, disturbances in recognition and discrimination of facial emotions-especially concerning the perception of emotional chimeric faces. Interpretational attempts for these acoustical and optical disturbances of perception reach from developmental psychology to biological psychiatry. Changes in hemisphere functions hold the dominating position in this discussion. Up to now it remains open to what extent the reported results correlate with the clinical phenomenology of depressive disorders, of what diagnostic specifity they are and if the can be viewed with sufficient reliability as state marker and indicators for theraopeutical effects.
Auditory Perceptual Disorders↗
Survey of attempts to use auditory evoked potentials to obtain an audiogram. Review article.
Click stimuli have been used to elicit ABR in auditory diagnosis but the ABR response is dominated by the activity of high-frequency nerve fibres and it is therefore impossible to deduce hearing at lower frequencies from ABR to clicks. Short tone pips or filtered clicks are also inadequate since the response is still dominated by basal turn, high-frequency nerve fibres. In order to attempt to obtain an audiogram by means of ABR, various noise-masking techniques have been used to restrict the response to more specific regions along the basilar membrane. These included presenting click or filtered click stimuli together with either different high-pass noises in order to obtain a derived ABR or notched noise. Though these techniques have been tested on small groups of normal subjects, they have not been adequately clinically validated on sufficient numbers of hearing-loss patients with various audiogram shapes. When tested on patients with low-frequency hearing loss, inappropriate thresholds have been obtained indicating problems with lower frequencies. Alternatively, other types of auditory evoked responses based on less synchronous neural activity have been studied including the SN10 response and the 40 Hz-MLR. These responses have not been adequately clinically tested. In conclusion the evoked potential techniques have not been completely tested in the clinical situation and several studies have indicated problems with the evaluation of lower frequencies.
Acoustic Stimulation↗
Changes in acoustic distortion during long term electrical stimulation of the guinea pig cochlea: a preliminary study.
In a preliminary study, acoustic distortion was assessed as a measure of cochlear function in both implanted and contralateral ears of electrically stimulated guinea pigs. Prestimulation distortion levels in implanted ears were below those of unimplanted ears and below those previously reported for guinea pigs. This may have been due to the mechanical or irritant effect of the electrode. In both the ipsilateral and contralateral ears or stimulated animals, distortion levels were depressed during the period of electrical stimulation. In addition, the slope of distortion growth as a function of stimulus level was more gradual in stimulated ears and contralateral ears of the same animals for f2 = 6 kHz and 9 kHz, but was unaffected for f2 = 3 kHz. When the distortion could no longer be recorded in the stimulated ear (4 subjects) or contralateral ear (1 subject) the animal was killed and histological evaluation carried out in both ears. Histological changes were restricted mainly to the efferent terminals in those ears where some distortion was still recordable. In one animal where distortion had become unmeasurable immediately prior to death, the outer hair cells were severely damaged and undergoing lysis. In this preliminary study, intersubject and between-test variability in distortion for implanted (ipsilateral) ears indicated that additional controls are necessary to establish the validity of alterations in acoustic distortion to reflect cochlear pathology.
Acoustics↗