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Results for “Biocompatibility”

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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Biocompatibility studies on bioactive glass ceramics and polylactic acid combined with cultured bone marrow stromal cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To study the biocompatibility on bioactive glass ceramics (BGC) and polylactic acid (PLA) combined with cultured bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: BMSCs were cultured combined with BGC and PLA in vitro, and the morphological characters, cell proliferation, protein content, and alkaline phosphatase activity were detected. RESULTS: BMSCs could be attached to and extended on both BGC and PLA, and normally grown, proliferated, had active function. BGC could promote cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: The results show that both BGC and PLA have good biocompatibility with BMSCs, they can be used as biomaterials for cell transplantation in tissue engineering.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Preparation and biocompatibility of tissue-engineered scaffold materials based on collagen.

OBJECTIVE: To prepare a tissue-engineered scaffold material using collagen as the matrices and to study the blood compatibility and tissue biocompatibility of this material. METHODS: Physical, chemical and physical/chemical methods were used for the crosslinking of the collagen. RESULTS: Dynamic blood clotting tests indicated that the blood clotting index (BCI) of the crosslinked collagen materials prepared by different means decreased as their contact with the blood was prolonged, and the collagen material obtained after crosslink through 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide method showed the highest BCI after contact with the blood within certain length of time. Hemolysis ratios of all the crosslinked collagen materials were shown to be much lower than 5%, well conforming to the requirement of biomaterials. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the platelets attached to the surface of the crosslinked collagen materials, having a fairly small number, were not morphologically distorted. CONCLUSION: The collagen materials obtained by the 3 crosslink methods have good blood compatibility. The cells grow well on the surfaces of the materials, indicating their good biocompatibility.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed2002

The study of biocompatibility of super high molecular weight poly D,L-lactic acid implant.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of the super high molecular weight poly D,L-lactic acid (SHMW-PDLLA) implant. METHODS: The SHMW-PDLLA plates were implanted into the SD-rats between the masseter and ramus of the mandible. The blood specimens were gained at 3, 6, 9, 12 months after the operation. The proteins, electrolyte, enzyme and other indices were tested by use of Beckman automatic biochemical analysis device. The soft tissue specimens around the SHMW-PDLLA plates were gained at 3, 6, 9, 12 months after the operation and the tissue reaction was observed with the pathological and haematological methods. RESULTS: There were not any abnormal findings in the blood after the SHMW-PDLLA plates implanted in the body of SD-rats. The implanted SHMW-PDLLA plates were degraded gradually in 6 to 12 months after the operation. There was not any abnormal tissue reaction found to the soft tissue around the SHMW-PDLLA plates by histological and pathological observations. CONCLUSIONS: The SHMW-PDLLA implant has a good biocompatibility to SD-rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[The biocompatibility of Chinese nitinol alloy intravascular stent].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of Chinese nitinol alloy intravascular stent. Sixteen Chinese nitinol alloy intravascular stents with 4 mm ID were implanted in the left and right iliac arteries of 8 normal dogs and were observed for one to six months. The results showed that the stents implanted were completely covered by a thin layer of the neointima after one month and the surface of neointima was covered by a monolayer of endothelium-like cells. These suggest that the Chinese nitinol alloy has very good biocompatibility.

Alloys↗

PubMed2003

[In vitro biocompatibility and degradation of nacre/polylactic acid composite artificial bone].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro biocompatibility and degradation of nacre/polylactic acid composite artificial bone (NPCB) grafts. METHODS: Human osteoblast cells were cultured with NPCB discs for observation of the morphological features and cell proliferation by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The mass loss of NPCB discs and pH variations of the saline in which the discs were immersed were examined every 2 weeks in a course of 16 weeks in vitro. RESULT: Compared with the negative control group, NPCB showed no visible cytotoxicity and facilitated the growth and proliferation of the osteoblast cells. As the immersion prolonged, gradual decrease in the mass of NPCB was observed accompanied by regular pH alteration of the saline. CONCLUSION: NPCB possesses good in vitro biocompatibility and may be gradually degraded.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed2002

[Experimental research on degradation and biocompatibility of super-high-molecular-weight poly-DL-lactic acid].

OBJECTIVE: The super-high-molecular-weight poly-DL-lactic acid (PDLLA), with the molecular weight of 900 kD, is a newly emerging biomaterial and potentially used in the therapy of bone fracture because of its excellent mechanical property. However the biocompatibility of this material has not been reported so far, therefore this experiment was designed to examine whether the super-high-molecular-weight PDLLA was harmful to creatures, when it was implanted in the body of animals for a long period. METHODS: The material was prepared in small cuboids, with the size of 1.0 mm x 1.5 mm x 2.0 mm, and these blocks were implanted into the masseteric space of SD rats and, the activity of the SD-rats was monitored continuously. The animals were sacrificed in the 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th months after the operation and, the specimens were taken out from the animals. The examination included anatomical, pathological and haematological methods. The data were analyzed with SPSS 8.0. RESULTS: The wound healed well after the operation. Super-high-molecular-weight PDLLA degraded 6 months after the implantation. In the 3rd month after the operation, a thin fiber membrane around the materials was formed. In the 6th month, the membrane was much thinner than that in the 3rd month and completely disappeared in the 9th month. The pathological examination showed that slightly inflammatory reaction appeared in the tissue around these blocks in the 3rd month, but the inflammatory reactions were gradually remitted in the following 6th, 9th and 12th months. Further, the haematological examination did not show any abnormity during the 12-month observation period. CONCLUSION: The super-high-molecular-weight PDLLA can be degrade when it is implanted into the body of creatures, which proves its good biocompatibility.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Biocompatibility of poly2methoxyethylacrylate coating for cardiopulmonary bypass.

The systemic inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to the development of postoperative complications. Heparin-coated circuits and poly2methoxyethylacrylate (PMEA)-coated circuits have been developed to reduce the risk of such complications. We compared the biocompatibility of these circuits. Twelve patients scheduled to undergo elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with CPB were assigned to CPB with a PMEA-coated circuit (PMEA-coated group, n=6) or a heparin-coated circuit (heparin-coated group, n=6). The plasma concentrations of the following inflammatory markers were measured before CPB and just after, 4 hours after, and 24 hours after the termination of CPB: cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8, IL-10), complement factor (C3a), polymorphonuclear elastase (PMNE), and coagulofibrinolytic factors (thrombin-antithrombin III complex [TAT], D-dimer). Postoperative clinical response was evaluated on the basis of respiratory index, blood loss, and the postoperative and preoperative body-weight percent ratio. There were no significant differences between the groups in the plasma concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, C3a, PMNE, TAT, or D-dimer. Plasma IL-8 concentrations were below the assay detection limits at all time points in both groups. Clinical variables did not differ significantly between the groups. In conclusion, PMEA-coated CPB circuits are as biocompatible as heparin-coated CPB circuits and prevent postoperative organ dysfunction in patients undergoing elective CABG with CPB.

Acrylates↗

PubMed1992

[The coherence between 3 evaluation methods of biocompatibility].

Three successive series of tests (the primary including cytocompatibility tests and the secondary in vivo and usage tests) can be used to evaluate the biocompatibility of dental materials. The products are only submitted to secondary tests in case of satisfactory results obtained with primary tests. A coherence between the results of primary and secondary tests is necessary before performing in vivo tests. The aim of this paper is to study the coherence between two primary tests and a secondary test. The biocompatibility of Sealite and a pulp canal sealer was studied 4 and 12 weeks after mixing, according to two primary models (cell culture on agarose and a toxicity study of the extraction products) and a secondary model (intrabony implantation in the rabbit). The two primary tests gave different results for Sealite and the pulp canal sealer. Only the agarose cell culture and the intrabony implantation in the rabbit have given similar statistical results. The biological evaluation of biomaterials should begin with a study of the mechanism of action of the cytotoxic products using several in vitro tests. These latter are unable to predict the behaviour of a biomaterial in an in vivo test.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Biocompatibility and IOL.

"Biocompatibility": meaning, investigation and importance for intra-ocular lenses. As PMMA isn't as biocompatible as initially thought, one searches for other materials on the one hand and tries to modify the surface of the PMMA on the other. For the latter only the HSM (heparin surface modifying) technique is currently used.

Adsorption↗

PubMed1992

Biocompatibility of high-flux membranes.

Standard dialysis with cuprophane membranes is known to stimulate the immune system. As a result of activation of macrophages various interleukins and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are secreted, presenting further evidence of the poor biocompatibility of cuprophane. We investigated the immunogenic properties of three modern high-flux membranes. Seven patients were studied during hemodiafiltration sessions using either a polysulfone (F60, Fresenius), a polymethylmetacrylate (BK 2.1, Toray) or a cellulose triacetate (FB-210 U, Nipro) dialyzer in a hemodiafiltration procedure. Serial measurements were made during each treatment of interleukin-1 beta (II-1 beta), TNF, soluble IL-2 receptor (sII-2r), soluble CD4 (sCD4), soluble CD8 (sCD8), interferon gamma (IFNg) and neopterin. In contrast to the known increase of IL-1 beta, IL-2r and TNF with cuprophane membranes, none of the modern high-flux dialyzers stimulated the production of these factors. Significant decreases of neopterin and sCD4 were observed. IFNg and sCD8 did not change significantly. Our results suggest that the modern high-flux dialyzers are non-immunogenic, and thus provide further evidence of the superior biocompatibility of synthetic or semisynthetic membranes over the conventional cuprophane.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Revisiting the definition of biocompatibility.

My main conclusion is that the original Williams' definition of biocompatibility still stands with respect to individual materials, but we have to move to more specific definitions within each of the varied applications of biomaterials such as those described above, and more will follow. It is time for the discussion and definition of biocompatibility to move from a materials base to an applications base.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed2003

[Importance of cell cultures in biocompatible dental materials research].

The need for biocompatible materials implies the necessity of toxicity testing. The toxicity of a dental material can be evaluated by in vitro tests, by animal experimentation including usage tests, and by clinical studies in humans. In vitro studies are mainly performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity (cell damage) or the genotoxicity (specific DNA damage or chromosomal aberration) of a dental material. Cell or tissue cultures play an important role because they allow a maximum standardization. This paper describes their application and interpretation of results in biocompatibility tests.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Investigation of biocompatibility of the apatite cement].

The results of experimental studies of biocompatibility of the apatite cement, implanted in the muscular tissue of rats and bone tissue of rabbits were presented in this study. Investigations of the local reactions of the muscular tissue were carried out on 18 rats of Wistar type by implanting samples from the apatite cement in the dorsal muscles. Macroscopic and microscopic investigations were carried out 7, 14, 30, 180, 270 days after the implantation. Investigations of local reactions of bone tissue were carried out on 12 rabbits of New Zealand breed. By implanting the tested material into the femoral bone in the region of trochanter. Sections of the animals were made 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after the surgery. In the early period active inflammatory process was seen in the muscles in the direct vicinity of the implant and then it disappeared leading to formation of a thin fibrous connective tissue capsule. Histological investigations made of bone tissue later showed, formation of young tissue with small focuses of fibrous connective tissue. In the carried out investigations it was shown that the apatite cement is characterized with a high degree of biocompatibility and osteoinductive activity.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Biocompatibility study of the UV surface modified Dacron material].

The enzyme histochemistry method was used in this experiment to study the biocompatibility of the UV surface modified Dacron. The activity of the enzymes such as ALP, ACP, NADHD and LDH in the tissue surrounding both the modified and unmodified materials after a certain implantation period was semiquantitatively measured. The results showed that the biocompatibility of the surface modified Dacron was as good as that of the unmodified one.

Biocompatible Materials↗

PubMed2004

[Biocompatibility of p(3HB-co-3HH) and marrow mesenchymal stem cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biocompatibility of p(3HB-co-3HH) and marrow mesenchymal stell cells (MSCs). METHODS: MSCs were inoculated to p(3HB-co-3HH), and then cultured for 2-4 weeks in vitro and embedded for 2 weeks in vivo. The growth, proliferation, morphology and phenotype properties of MSCs were observed by use of phase contrast microscope, electron microscope, HE staining and staining of type I collagen. RESULTS: p(3HB-co-3HH) had good compatibility. The inoculated MSCs could be well-distributed, attached well and obtain the phenotype of MSCs in p(3HB-co-3HH). After osteogenic inducer were added, MSCs differentiated to osteoblasts and secreted matrix. Type I collagen was stained positively by immunohistochemical techenique. CONCLUSION: The above results demonstrate that there is satisfactory biocompatibility between p(3HB-co-3HH) and MSCs.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗

PubMed1992

Bicarbonate- versus lactate-based CAPD fluids: a biocompatibility study in rabbits.

Previous in vitro biocompatibility studies have shown bicarbonate-based continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) fluids to be superior to those based upon lactate/acetate. To evaluate these findings in vivo, 41 rabbits were subjected to CAPD for four weeks in a randomized prospective study using either Dianeal, a commercially available dialysis fluid containing lactate, or 87b, a bicarbonate-based CAPD fluid. Ten rabbits with CAPD catheters, which were flushed with a heparin solution every 36 hours, served as controls. None of the control rabbits showed clinical or histopathological signs of peritonitis, while 8 of 20 in the Dianeal group and 6 of 21 in the 87b group contracted peritonitis. Four rabbits in the Dianeal group had to be sacrificed early due to severe peritonitis. Post mortem examinations, including scanning and light microscopy, did not reveal any macroscopic or microscopic differences among the three groups of noninfected animals. No significant distinctions between the groups could be made for body temperature, weight gain, dialysate volume, dialysate differential leukocyte count, dialysate protein content, and food intake during the course of the study. In conclusion, the present animal model did not reveal any major difference in the biocompatibility between the lactate- and the bicarbonate-based CAPD fluids.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Application of enzyme histochemistry in evaluation of in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility of HA/TCP].

In order to explore the possibility of applying enzyme histochemistry in biocompatibility evaluation, we investigated the effect of biomaterials on the activities of intracellular enzymes in this experiment. It was found that there was no obvious difference in morphology between osteoblasts co-cultured with HA/TCP and with Ti-alloy. However, transient down-regulation of NADH, SDH, LDH and CCO of the osteoblasts co-cultured with HA/TCP was detected by enzyme histochemistry, but these enzymes of osteoblasts the co-cultured with Ti-alloy were not down-regulated. It was indicated that something extracted from HA/TCP injured the co-cultured osteoblasts slightly. Similar early acute inflammatory reactions were observed after HA/TCP and Ti-alloy were separately implanted into the dorsal muscle of rabbit. There was also no obvious difference between the tissue response to HA/TCP and that to Ti-alloy. Activities of enzymes in tissues around implanted materials were down-regulated at the early injury period and recovered gradually within 30 days post-operation. But the mild toxicity of extracts from HA/TCP was demonstrated by the fact that the recovery period of HA/TCP group was longer than that of Ti-alloy group. It was proved that enzyme histochemistry is more sensitive than tissue morphology analysis in detecting the cell or tissue responses to biomaterials. Therefore, it is possible to use enzyme histochemistry in biocompatibility evaluation.

Alloys↗

PubMed2004

[Experimental study of the biocompatible and osteoinductive behavior of the hydroxyapatite/ultra-high molecular weight polyethtlene composite].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the biocompatibility and osteoinductive behavior of HA (hydroxyapatite) and HA/UHMWPE (ultra-high molecular weight polyethtlene) composite in orbital implantation. METHODS: Osteoectomy of the upper orbital rim was perform on 24 adult New Zealand rabbits. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 of each. The HA, HA/UHMWPE composite or UHMWPE (10 mm x 10 mm x 3 mm in size) was implanted to the upper orbital defect of the animal in respective group. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 4, 8, 12 weeks. Histopathologic sections of the implants were evaluated and compared with light and transmission electron microscopy study. RESULTS: During the experimental period of 12 weeks, there was no implant extrusion or displacement. In the groups of HA and HA/UHMWPE composite, vascular ingrowth and fibroblasts were observed shortly and osteocytes were seen at 8 weeks. Calcium deposition of the implants showed a laminar fashion at 12 weeks. In the group of UHMWPE, fibrous membranes were seen around the implant at 1 week. Transmission electron microscopy study showed that in the HA and HA/UHMWPE groups, fibroblasts and vascular ingrowth could be seen, but osteocytes were not observed. CONCLUSION: HA/UHMWPE composite demonstrated biocompatibility and osteoinductive property. It would be a good substitute for bone, particularly for orbital bone.

Animals↗