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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Parabolic growth patterns in 96-well plate cell growth experiments.

In preparing for the routine use of the ubiquitous in vitro cell growth inhibition assay for the study of anticancer agents, we characterized the statistical properties of the assay and found some surprising results. Parabolic well-to-well cell growth patterns were discovered, which could profoundly affect the results of routine growth inhibition studies of anticancer and other agents. Four human ovarian cell lines, A2780/WT, A2780/DX5, A2780/DX5B, and A121, and one human ileocecal adenocarcinoma cell line, HCT-8, were seeded into plastic 96-well plates with a 12-channel pipette, without drugs, and grown from 1-5 d. The wells were washed with a plate washer, cells stained with sulforhodamine B (SRB), and dye absorbance measured with a plate reader. Variance models were fit to the data from replicates to determine the nature of the heteroscedastic error structure. Exponential growth models were fit to data to estimate doubling times for each cell line. Polynomial models were fit to data from 10-plate stacks of 96-well plates to explore nonuniformity of cell growth in wells in different regions of the stacks. Each separate step in the assay was examined for precision, patterns, and underlying causes of variation. Differential evaporation of water from wells is likely a major, but not exclusive, contributor to the systematic well-to-well cell growth patterns. Because the fundamental underlying causes of the parabolic growth patterns were not conclusively found, a randomization step for the growth assay was developed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Primary Hodgkin's lymphoma of the caecum.

Extra-nodal Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) represents 15% of all Hodgkin's lymphomas; the primary intestinal site accounts for 1% and with involvement of the ascending colon being rare. We present the case of a patient of 62 years of age diagnosed as having acute appendicitis. Anatomopathology on the excised appendectomy tissue indicated nodular lymphocytic predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma (NLPHL). The morphology indicated isolated L&H (lymphocytic or histiocytic) cells or in groups, surrounded by T lymphocytes, in an environment of germinal centres together with phenomena that would be interpreted as progressive transformation. Immunohistochemistry staining of the HL cells were positive for CD45, CD20, Bc16, EMA and MUM1 and negative for CD15 and CD30. No complementary treatment was administered. Following a literature search, the present case would appear to be the first of its kind.

Appendectomy↗
PubMed1984

Transplantation of normal and ectopic human endometrial tissue into athymic nude mice.

Implants or tiny circumscribed nodules of endometrial tissue were found in all female mice given intraperitoneal injections of fragments of human normal (proliferative and secretory) or ectopic (endometrioma) endometrium. Half of these animals received estrogen supplementation and the other half received none. The endometriosis tissue present in these animals at 28 or 56 days after inoculation consisted of glands and stroma with an infiltration of hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Glands in tissue transplants of animals given supplemental estrogen tended to be larger, and the secretory endometrium tended to revert to a proliferative pattern. Palpable nodules at the site of subcutaneous inoculations of proliferative endometrium became undetectable grossly and microscopically within 24 to 32 days, whereas endometrioma tissue remained detectable for up to 70 days and resembled the intraperitoneal tissue microscopically. This study demonstrates that human endometrial tissue can be successfully transplanted into the nude mouse and will retain its basic morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of colonoscopy and the contrast enema in five hundred patients with colorectal disease.

Endoscopic examination of the entire colon (colonoscopy) is an important new method of diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon and rectum, particularly cancer. The records of 500 patients who had one or more contrast enemas and subsequent colonoscopy were analyzed in an attempt to evaluate the competitive and complementary features of the two methods. The endoscopists had the advantage of having a radiologic report or radiographs available to them. In general, when the level of abnormality could be reached, colonoscopy had a higher degree of accuracy, particularly since observation could be combined with biopsy. This was particularly true in the case of polyps in which colonoscopy confirmed 166 radiologically described growths plus an additional 118 lesion, twenty-one of which were over 1 cm in diameter. By endoscopic excision of these polyps via the colonoscope, malignant changes can be identified, a conclusion rarely reached by radiographic means alone. With respect to cancer, exclusive of polyps, only twenty-four of thirty-two cases were diagnosed by x-ray study alone. Another nine, interpreted aa demonstrating malignancy from the radiographs, had cancer excluded when subjected to endoscopic confirmation. Colonoscopy has also proved valuable in identifying lesions of the cecum, notoriously a problem for the radiologist, and in identifying milder degrees of inflammatory change which are undetectable by radiographic means. Colonoscopy and the contrast enema are best reported as completmentary rather than competitive approaches, and by their combined use, diagnostic accuracy is greatly enhanced.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1979

Increasing incidence of right-sided lesions in colorectal cancer.

One hundred ninety-eight patients with 211 cancers of the colon and rectum underwent elective resection at the University of Vermont College of Medicine during the five year period 1971 through 1975. Analysis of this series demonstrated that 35 per cent of all cancers were located in the cecum and ascending colon, that a similar percentage were classified as Dukes' A cancers, that a synchronous cancer was present in 5.5 per cent of the patients and that diagnosis by rectal examination and sigmoidscopy was possible in only 32 per cent of the patients. Comparison of these results with published data during the past thirty years indicate that there is an increasing incidence of carcinoma of the right colon with an associated decrease in the incidence of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon and rectum. It is recommended that patients be screened by examination of the stool for occult blood rather than by rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy so that these proximal lesions can be diagnosed at an earlier stage. Preoperative evaluation of patients with distal colorectal cancer should include double contrast barium enema examinations and colonscopy to rule out synchronous right-sided lesions.

Aged↗