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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Saliva, serum estriol, randomized urinary estriol/creatine in prenatal monitoring].

Saliva, randomized urine and blood samples were collected simultaneously from 461 cases of late pregnancies, and saliva, serum estriol(SaE3, SeE3) and randomized urinary estriol/creatinine (RUE3/C) were measured by radioimmunoassay and biochemical method. The coefficient of correlation among SaE3,SeE3 and RUE3/C level was close in either normal or high-risk pregnancies (r = 0.4990-0.7266, P < 0.01). The coefficient of correlation between SaE3 and SeE3 was closest in normal and high-risk pregnancies (r = 0.7266 and r = 0.6901, respectively). The deviation of false negative rate(FN) among these three indexes was not significant. However, the false positive rate (FP) of SaE3 and SeE3 in antenatal monitoring was lower significantly than that of RUE3/C, 91.1% FP RUE3/C cases were corrected by SaE3 or SeE3 test. The correction rate of RUE3/C test (84.6%) in prenatal monitoring was notably lower than that of SaE3 and SeE3 tests (95.7% and 95.4%, respectively, p < 0.01). The results suggest that SaE3 is more valuable than SeE3 fetal monitoring. Combined RUE3/C and SaE3 should replace combined RUE3/C and SeE3 in prenatal monitoring.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1996

Pregnancy outcome in women with low midtrimester maternal serum unconjugated estriol.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if unexplained low second-trimester maternal serum unconjugated estriol (MSuE3) is a useful predictor of complications of pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Between February 1, 1990, and January 3, 1993, 10,492 patients underwent prenatal screening using second-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP), maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (MShCG) and MSuE3. One hundred ninety-five patients with complete obstetric history/delivery records and with < 0.4 multiples of the median (MoM) second-trimester MSuE3 values were matched with 261 controls with complete obstetric history/delivery records and normal second-trimester MSAFP, MSuE3 and MShCG. RESULTS: The relative risk of pregnancy loss, as compared to that in controls, was 3.7 (1.4-9.1 confidence interval [CI], P < .0001) in patients with 0.2-0.4 MoM MSuE3 and 19.3 (6.1-60.5 CI, P < .0001) in patients with < 0.2 MoM MSuE3. After exclusion of patients with low and high MSAFP and MShCG, the relative risk of pregnancy loss for the remaining patients with low MSuE3 was 3.3 (1.3-8.5 CI, P < .008). CONCLUSION: The data suggest that patients with unexplained low second-trimester MSuE3 have an increased risk of pregnancy loss that may not be associated with a high or low MSAFP, MShCG or higher incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes, premature rupture of membranes or premature onset of labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Usefulness of estriol for the treatment of bone loss in postmenopausal women].

To assess the effect of estriol (E3) on bone loss in Japanese postmenopausal women, twenty-five women within 10 years after menopause received 2 mg/day of E3 and 2 g/day of calcium lactate (Ca) daily (n = 17; Group-E3 + Ca) or 2 g/day of Ca daily (n = 8; Group-Ca) for one year. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine L2 - L4 was evaluated by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In Group-Ca, BMD was significantly reduced (p < 0.05 vs. pretreatment) at the end of the study period. In contrast, in Group-E3 + Ca, the mean percent increase in BMD was 1.66%, which was significantly higher than that of Group-Ca (-3.08%; p < 0.001). As for the biochemical markers of bone metabolism, bone specific alkaline phosphatase (ALPIII) reflecting bone formation, and pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (D-Pyr) reflecting bone resorption, were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) in Group-E3 + Ca after six months of treatment. These data indicate that the acceleration of bone turnover usually observed after menopause was prevented by treatment with E3. As to the side effects of E3, only one of the 17 patients experienced a slight increase in vaginal discharge, but no other side effects were observed. Accordingly, reasonable compliance can be expected among postmenopausal women treated with E3 to prevent bone loss.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Similarity of insulin-dependent diabetics' and non-insulin-dependent diabetics' levels of beta-hCG and unconjugated estriol with controls: no need to adjust as with alpha-fetoprotein.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if the same systematic alteration of serum values seen for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in diabetic patients is also seen for beta-hCG and unconjugated estriol (uE3). METHODS: Serum AFP, beta-hCG, and uE3 results were obtained in 18,639 patients for whom complete follow-up information was obtained. Patients were divided into euglycemic (n = 18,088), insulin-requiring diabetics (n = 104), and non-insulin-requiring diabetics (n = 437), as well as by race. RESULTS: The 20% adjustment used for AFP appropriately corrects serum values. No such systematic variation is seen for either beta-hCG or uE3 by glycemic status or race. CONCLUSION: No adjustment for beta-hCG or uE3 is necessary for diabetes for biochemical screening programs.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1996

Therapy of bacterial vaginosis using exogenously-applied Lactobacilli acidophili and a low dose of estriol: a placebo-controlled multicentric clinical trial.

The efficacy of vaginal tablets (Gynoflor) containing 50 mg of a lyophilisate of viable, H2O2-producing Lactobacillus acidophilus (at least 10(7) colony forming units/tablet) and 0.03 mg estriol (CAS 50-27-1) for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) was tested in a multicentric, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial with parallel-group design. 32 non-menopausal women with positive diagnoses for BV, including intermediate cases, participated in the trial. Patients were diagnosed using the classical clinical parameters of BV according to Amsel and using microscopic analysis of the Gram-stained vaginal smear. A positive clinical diagnosis of BV required at least 2 of the following 4 clinical criteria to be positive; greyish-white, homogeneous leukorrhea; vaginal pH > 4.5; KOH test for volatile amines; presence of clue cells. Microscopic diagnosis of BV, on the other hand, was obtained if examination of the Gram-stained vaginal smear showed less than 6 lactobacilli per field of view (1000 x magnification). This corresponds to another definition of BV as "lactobacilli deficiency syndrome". The efficacy of the 6-day therapy with 1-2 vaginal tablets daily was evaluated using both clinical and microscopic analysis. Using Amsel's classical clinical parameters of BV, the cure rate (defined as < or = 1 of the 4 clinical criteria positive) two weeks after the start of therapy was 77% in the verum group and 25% in the placebo group. Four weeks after the start of therapy, the cure rate was 88% in the verum group and 22% in the placebo group. At both control examinations, the cure rate for the test group was significantly higher than that for the placebo group (p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test, 2-sided, significance level 0.05). In addition, the trial showed that after 6 days of treatment with the test preparation, the lactobacilli were capable of recolonising the vagina. A significant increase in the number of lactobacilli was observed in the Gram-stained vaginal smear for the patient group treated with the test preparation compared to the placebo patient group (p < 0.05, Fisher's exact test, 2-sided, significance level 0.05), two and four weeks after the start of the 6-day treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Medians for second-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estriol; differences between races or ethnic groups.

Second-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) are routinely measured in screening fetuses at high risk for Down syndrome or open neural tube defects (ONTD). For test interpretation, individual patient values of these three analytes are related to population-derived median values. We evaluated data from >21000 pregnancies to determine the extent of race-specific differences in median concentrations. For samples at most gestational ages, median AFP, hCG, and uE3 values for white, black, Hispanic, and other patients were all significantly different. Differences remained significant even when data were corrected for patient weights. For each analyte, the extent of the variation was not the same at different gestational ages. Differences in median values across race/ethnicity groups appear to have only a small impact in Down syndrome screening but it may be appropriate to use alternative sets of AFP medians or adjustment factors to AFP medians for some Asian populations receiving ONTD screening.

Black People↗
PubMed1998

A meta-analysis of salivary estriol (sE(3)) as a means to identify women at risk for preterm birth due to fetal-placental endocrine mechanisms.

Objective: 1) Analyze overall performance of salivary estriol testing in two similarly conducted large multicenter prospective trials and 2) gain information regarding the highly integrated and regulated endocrine mechanisms controlling parturition.Methods: Meta-analysis of evaluable mother-perinate dyads from two large prospective trials was conducted. Overall, 993 pregnant women were followed prospectively with weekly saliva samples from 24 weeks to delivery.Results: 1) Occurrence of a single positive test (sE(3) >/= 2.1 ng/mL) predicted delivery prior to 37 weeks gestation (P <.0003; OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.7-6.8). If a rescreen test at one week was also >/=2.1 ng/mL (8.9% of all subjects) then relative risks of preterm birth increased to 6.86 CI (3.2-14.5) P <.0001. Having two consecutive positive tests was associated with a mean time to delivery of 2.3 weeks (negative predictive value of 97%). 2) Survival analysis of women delivering at term and preterm demonstrated that sE(3) >/= 2.1 ng/mL predicted onset of labor and birth in approximately 3 weeks:Conclusion: Meta-analysis of these two large prospective trials confirms that 1) an sE(3) >/= 2.1 ng/mL provides timely warning of a presumed endocrine signal for impending preterm and term parturition, 2) the 2-3 week mean time to delivery after a positive signal allows time for intervention, and 3) lack of a positive sE(3) signal allows a confident prediction (NPV) that delivery will not occur within 2-3 weeks.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

[Analysis of estrone, estradiol and estriol in serum and urine by mass fragmentography using GC-MS (author's transl)].

The first successful analysis of estrogens in serum and urine was performed by mass fragmentography using a GC-MS combined system. The equipment used was Shimadzu LKB 9000 GC-MS (MID-PM). The TMSi derivative of the compounds were analyzed using the GC-MS system equipped with a 3 ft x 3mm column packed with 1.5% OV-1 and the temperature was programed from 200 degrees to 260 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min increments. The mass spectrum showed molecular ions at m/e 342, 416 and 504 which correspond to the TMSi derivatives of Estrone (E-1), Estradiol (E-2) and Estriol (E-3) respectively. Molecular ion peak of each compound was applied to establish the precise quantitative evaluation of E-1, E-2 and E-3. 1) The minimum detectable limits of the compounds injected into the column were ca. 2 pg for E-1, E-2 and 5 pg for E-3 respectively. 2) The sensitivity was of the order of ng or pg which enables quantitation with 2 ml of human serum and urine samples obtained from normally ovulating women. 3) This method was very convenient for extracting the compounds from biological fluids, and the procedure can be carried out easily in a short time. 4) Mass fragmentography makes possible the simultaneous measurements of E-1, E-2 and E-3 in samples obtained from pregnant women.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Estriol replacement therapy in osteoporotic women].

In cultured human osteoblast-like cells (HOS), combined treatment with estriol (E(3)) and vitamin D(3) (VD(3)) increases the cell viability relative to treatment with E(3) alone and that E(3) treatment remarkably increases VD(3) receptor mRNA expression in the cells. Our findings in the present study with osteoblast cells may explain at least in a part the molecular basis of the clinical efficacy of combined treatment with E(3) and VD(3) in osteoporotic women.

English Abstract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Estriol and human placental lactogen as risk indicators in pregnancies of diabetic and hypertensive patients].

The correlation between estriol (E3) and human placenta lactogen (HPL) and perinatal morbidity was investigated in 105 diabetic, 96 hypertensive and 96 pregnancies without diabetes and hypertension. The hormones were determined by radioimmunoassay. Only if two determinations were outside the normal range the values were accepted as pathological. In pregnancies with hypertension a decrease of E3- and HPL-concentrations was correlated to significant higher incidence of operative deliveries and pathological APGAR-Scores. In the diabetic group is the low E3-concentration of significant predictive value in respect of the pathological cardiotocography as the indication of the operative delivery, the same applies to low HPL-concentrations in the hypertension group, in the control group no significant differences could be determined relating thereto. Hypotrophic newborns in the hypertension and control group are significant more frequent, if the concentration of E3 is decreased. The same applies to decreased HPL-concentrations in every group, where the hypertension group shows the highest predictive values.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of the cyclopentyl ethinyl estriol on the cardiovascular function of postmenopausal women].

The cardiovascular function of postmenopausal women before and after oral supplement of cyclopentyl ethinyl estriol (CEE3) were evaluated with 3-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler technique. The results are as follows: there were no changes of HR, SBP, DBP, MBP and E2 in postmenopausal women before and after the oral supplement of CEE3. Ves and SVR were obviously reduced (P < 0.001). SV, CO, EF, Vmax V and A were obviously increased (P < 0.001). There were no changes in Ved, E and E/A. The results showed that CEE3 could reinforce the cardiac function and increase cardiac output and also reduce the resistance in peripheral blood vessels in postmenopausal women. It is assumed that the cardioprotective effect of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women may be due not only to changes in lipid profile but also to direct effects of estrogens on central and peripheral hemodynamic parameters.

Estrogen Replacement Therapy↗