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PubMed1992

[Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies on chondroblastoma].

Six clinically and patho-histologically proven cases of chondroblastoma were studied with electron microscopic and immunohistochemical methods. The tumor tissues of chondroblastoma exhibited biphasic pattern i.e., chondroid and cellular area. In the chondroid area, small and round tumor cells contained many filaments in the cytoplasm and small processes in the cell wall. Many glycogen granules were present in the tumor cells in some cases. Intercellular matrix was immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein and showed fine collagen fibers were very similar to those of articular and epiphysial cartilage. Many portions of mitochondria, cell wall and matrix of chondroblastoma tissue clearly exhibited calcification but were not definitely ossification. In the cellular area, tumor cells were composed of small immature mesenchymal and clear large degenerated tumor cells, histiocytes with lysosomes and osteoclast-like multinuclear giant cells. Immunohistochemical studies in the cellular area revealed that there were many tumor cells positive for lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. In the transitional zone between chondroid and cellular area, degenerated tumor cells were found. The chondroblastoma was composed of chondroid and histiocytic areas which were very similar to those of chondromyxoid fibroma. The present study appears to demonstrate that chondroblastoma originates from a mixture of chondrocytic and histiocytic tumor cells but not from articular and epiphysial cartilage.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple osteoid osteoma. A clinical case.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor occurring frequently during the growth years. It may be found in any of the skeletal segments, and it is often present as an isolated neoformation. In some rare cases it may involve more than one segment or it may be multicentric. The authors report their experience with a case of double localization of metachronous osteoid osteoma.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chondroblastoma in fine needle aspirates.

The cytologic features of smears of fine needle aspirates from four chondroblastomas were studied. In an ideal fine needle aspiration biopsy sample of chondroblastoma, all the diagnostic details can be found: chondroid matrix surrounding individual round to oval mononuclear cells, calcifications among cells and multinucleate osteoclasts. Chondroid matrix, which we believe to be the decisive feature, and calcifications are seen better in Giemsa-than in Papanicolaou-stained smears.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed2005

Severe periprosthetic cortical atrophy in the skeletally immature: a report of three cases.

We describe three patients who developed cortical bone atrophy around cemented endoprostheses used for partial femur reconstructions after resection of Ewing's sarcoma. We believe this to be related to remodeling secondary to stress-shielding. Rather than increased porosity and decreased mineral density, the stress-shielding in these skeletally immature patients resulted in altered morphology of the cortical bone, with apparent maintenance of density.

Atrophy↗
PubMed2005

[Magnetic resonance imaging and radiography for diagnosis of lower limb osteosarcoma: a comparative study].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for lower limb osteosarcoma by comparing the findings between X-ray and MRI. METHODS: Fifteen surgically or pathologically confirmed patients with lower limb osteosarcoma (11 males and 4 females) underwent both plain and enhanced MRI (with CT scanning in 4 cases) in addition to radiography, and the findings were compared. RESULTS: The diagnostic accuracy of both MRI and X-ray film was 100%. Compared with X-ray, MRI was capable of clear display of the lesion extent, perpendicular periosteal reaction, the two layers of Codman's triangle and the skip lesions. CONCLUSION: Plain X-ray film provides a convenient and practical diagnostic modality for lower limb osteosarcoma, but MRI has better performance in clearer display of the tumor range and identification of early-stage lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Resection arthrodesis for primary bone tumour about the knee.

Bone defect following en bloc resection of primary bone tumor around the knee can be reconstructed by allograft or prothesis or combination of both. Resection-arthrodesis is an alternative option for young vigorous patients facing circumstances of financial constrain or limited supply of allograft. This study was undertaken to determine the outcome and complications associated with resection-arthrodesis of 22 primary bone tumors (13 giant cell tumors and 9 osteosarcomas) around the knee treated between 1990 and 2003 at the University Malaya Medical Center. The mean follow-up was 6 years (range 1-13 years). hree patients with osteosarcoma died of lung metastasis, 3 required above knee amputation and 2 defaulted follow-up. Local complications of the procedure include infection in 8 cases (36.4%), non-union 7 (31.8%) and mal-union. Of 14 patients who returned for final evaluation, 79.8% had satisfactory outcomes according to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society grading system. In conclusion, resection-arthrodesis of the knee is a viable treatment option for selected patients with primary bone tumor around the knee, and good functional outcome can be expected in the presence of short-term local complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Clinical features of pathologically confirmed metastatic bone tumors--a report of 390 cases].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: With the development of diagnostic techniques of imaging and pathology, early diagnosis of metastatic bone tumors has been greatly improved, but the clinical characteristics which are essential for diagnosis are rarely reported. In this article, the clinical features of pathologically confirmed metastatic bone tumors were analyzed for further improvement of early diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: Clinical data of 390 patients with pathologically confirmed metastatic bone tumors, treated from 1980 to 2003 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, were reviewed respectively to summarize the clinical features, including disease history, predilection sites, clinical manifestation, and imaging presentations. RESULTS: Of the 390 patients, the ratio of men to women was 2.12:1; the median age was 55.7 years, and 81.5% of the patients were over 41 years old. The primary tumors were lung cancer (21.8%), prostate cancer (13.1%), breast cancer (7.4%), liver cancer (6.4%), gastrointestinal cancer (5.7%), and unknown cancers (24.6%). The common metastatic sites were spine (47.7%), pelvis (18.2%), femur (15.4%), and rib (12.6%). Multiple metastases occurred in 20.5% of the patients. The main symptoms were skeletal pain (53.3%), pathologic fractures (10.3%), dysfunction (4.9%), and paraplegia (2.1%). Primary tumor detected before metastasis accounted for 29.7% of the patients with a median metastatic time of 319 days, and the metastatic intervals were uncertain in 70.3% of the patients. Osteolytic types accounted for 80.7% of the cases in radiographic patterns, followed by osteosclerotic (10.5%) and mixed types. CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic bone tumors most frequently occur in patients older than 41 years, and commonly originate from lung, prostate, breast, and liver. Vertebrae, pelvis, femur, and rib are the most common sites of metastases. The clinical manifestation is extensive and nonspecific. Most lesions present osteolytic patterns. Metastases with unknown origin account for 24%. In spite of complexity, the clinical features should be mastered for early diagnosis and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral chondrosarcoma: ultrastructural investigation by transmission and scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural analysis by transmission and scanning electron microscopy was performed on two grade 1 peripheral chondrosarcomas which had arisen from a preexisting osteochondroma. This analysis allowed us to determine the morphologic changes in both the cell and the matrix and suggested a low grade of malignancy. We emphasize that ultrastructural analysis with scanning and electron microscopy is only valid when conducted on representative areas of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Radioimmunoimaging of osteosarcoma with BMP monoclonal antibodies].

The author employed the radioimmunoimaging technique in localizing osteosarcoma with the use of bone morphogenetic protein monoclonal antibodies (BMP-McAb). BMP-McAb which had been labelled with 125I or 131I by the chloramine T method was given in injection to patients, and imaging was performed on SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) 24 or 48 hrs after the injection of antibodies. There were seven patients with osteosarcoma and one with parosteal osteosarcoma. The result of SPECT imaging confirmed of the tumor areas of osteosarcoma clearly visualized; and the T/NT ratio of radioactivity the highest is 11.5 and average on 5.92. There is no positive imaging in parosteal sarcoma the technique of the radioimmunoimaging presented have those advantages: specificity and sensitivity powerful, easy to operate and harmless to health. The result of our study demonstrated biodistribution that the BMP-McAb retained in osteosarcomas tissues and indicated there are most BMP in tumor areas. It is therefore proposed that BMP are one kind of related antigen with osteosarcomas and has a satisfactory to clinical study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of malignant bone neoplasms at level of the knee with wide resection and reconstitution with non-conventional endoprosthesis].

Forty-five patients with malignant bone tumors of the knee were submitted to wide resection and reconstitution of the joint with a custom made endoprosthesis. The mean follow-up was seven years and seven months. There were observed nine complications: in four cases the tumor recurred locally and in one case an artery was injured. The end result was considered good in 36 patients and poor in nine patients. The better results achieved in recent years were due to modifications introduced in chemotherapy for the osteosarcoma, the new system of staging of the bone tumors and new oncological and compartmental surgical techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Osteoid osteoma. A scanning electron microscopic study].

The mineralization process of the osteoid osteoma, after removal of the organic matrix from the specimens by treatment with 6% sodium hypochlorite, has been studied by SEM. The process was characterized by calcified nodules or calcospherites, variable in size from 0,1 to 2 microns, embedded among randomly oriented collagen bundles, which delimited trabeculae of sponge primary bone. Numerous osteocytic lacunae, in various degrees of development, in the mineralizing front were present. The ultrastructural feature of the mineralization in osteoid osteoma reflected a pattern of nodular and collagenous calcification, essentially similar to primary calcification, characteristic of rapidly developing woven bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epiphyseal osteoid osteoma].

Three more cases of osteoid osteoma located in epiphysis are presented. All of them had special features, as a reactive synovitis due to the proximity of the lesion to the joint and the lower movility arch of these joints. The x-ray was essential for the diagnosis and definitive treatment was surgical resection.

Adult↗