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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Evaluating continuity of care in primary care internal medicine programs.

One goal of primary care training programs is to provide "continuity experiences" for residents. Although programs funded by the Health Resources Administration are mandated to provide and evaluate such experiences, a wide variety may exist in both the concept and the evaluation of continuity in these training programs. To investigate methods for evaluating this continuity experience, we surveyed 52 federally funded primary care internal medicine programs using a checklist of methods derived from the literature. Of the programs surveyed, 64% responded and all but two were evaluating continuity, most of them using several methods. Although it might be assumed that most programs would be assessing continuity in the ambulatory setting, most reported that "residents followed up assigned patients when admitted to the hospital." Assessment of continuity in the ambulatory setting, by determining the number of times the patient was seen by his assigned resident divided by total outpatient visits, ranked fourth behind "missed appointments" and "medical record audits." "Percentage of emergency room visits by assigned patients" was least frequently cited.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed2001

Experimental oral polio vaccines and acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

The simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) of the common chimpanzee is widely acknowledged as the direct ancestor of HIV-1. There is increasing historical evidence that during the late 1950s, kidneys were routinely excised from central African chimpanzees by scientists who were collaborating with the polio vaccine research of Dr Hilary Koprowski, and sent - inter alia - to vaccine-making laboratories in the USA and Africa, and to unspecified destinations in Belgium. While there is no direct evidence that cells from these kidneys were used as a substrate for growing Dr Koprowski's oral polio vaccines, there is a startling coincidence between places in Africa where his CHAT vaccine was fed, and the first appearances in the world of HIV-1 group M and group-M-related AIDS. Because of the enormous implications of the hypothesis that AIDS may be an unintended iatrogenic (physician-caused) disease, it is almost inevitable that this theory will engender heated opposition from many of those in the scientific establishment, and those with vested interests.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2004

Making things better and learning a lesson: experiencing wisdom across the lifespan.

Autobiographical memory narratives concerning times in which individuals said, thought, or did something wise were collected from adolescents and young and old adults. This "wisdom of experience" procedure is shown to be a valid means of studying experienced wisdom in everyday lives across the life span. Results show that all age groups use experienced wisdom to transform negative to positive life situations and are equally likely to link these experienced wisdom events to larger temporal life periods. Young and older adults also relate wisdom experiences to the life story by explaining how they are connected to later life consequences or to the direction that their life has taken. Unlike adolescents, older and, especially, young adults report having learned lessons about themselves or having gained a life philosophy from the wisdom-related event. Thus, the wisdom-of-experience procedure highlights both similarities and differences in the life span manifestation of experienced wisdom.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The relationship between well-being and job satisfaction for staff working on long stay wards for the elderly confused.

The psychological well-being and job satisfaction of nursing staff working on long stay wards for the elderly confused were examined in one health district. Feelings of well-being were not related to job satisfaction. However, feelings of unhappiness were found to be related to job dissatisfaction, this relationship was found in the ward managers (predominantly males) and not other qualified or unqualified staff. The implications of this finding are discussed.

Affect↗
PubMed2001

Engaging with phenomenology: is it more of a challenge than it needs to be?

When seeking to understand the human condition, with all the problems this enterprise poses for traditional scientific research approaches, qualitative research is held to be in some ways superior to rigidly quantitative research. As a result, many beginning health researchers plan to employ a qualitative approach to explore topics that were previously inaccessible via traditional scientific means. However, implementing a qualitative approach is not an easy process and, in many cases, researchers must look long and hard to find material to assist them in developing their research plans. This may be particularly so in phenomenological research. This article examines some of the problems and pitfalls faced by phenomenological researchers new to the approach. Through accounts of personal experience, it highlights some of the areas where phenomenological researchers could be helpful by being less reticent about the process of implementing a phenomenological study.

Anecdotes as Topic↗
PubMed2002

"The strongest women": exploration of the inner resources of abused women.

Domestic violence is reaching epidemic proportions and is designated a national health crisis in the United States. Yet, the stories of abused women and their experiences are only just recently appearing in the literature. The use of coping strategies in dealing with abusive intimate partners is one such area that invites further research. Using the phenomenological method, 17 volunteers discuss their inner resources for surviving abusive experiences and developing ways to protect themselves in future relationships. Women's accounts of abuse experiences add depth to what is known about their strength and portray them as survivors rather than as victims. Future research is calledfor that adds to the understanding of the inner resources attributed to the women in the study findings.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2002

Ethical dilemmas in participatory action research: a case study from the disability community.

Participatory action research (PAR) is a collaborative approach to inquiry for education and social change that is gaining increasing prominence in health education. This case study explores the use of PAR by and with a community of people with disabilities in addressing a polarizing issue in that community: death with dignity or physician-assisted suicide legislation. Following a brief review of the debate within the community about this issue and the goals, methods, and findings of this project, the authors examine four key ethical challenges. These are dilemmas in issue selection when the community is deeply divided over a problem area, inclusion and exclusion in study team makeup and sample selection, insider/outsider issues, and how best to use findings in ways that can unite and strengthen the community. The implications of these issues for health educators and others engaged in community-based PAR efforts are presented.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1990

The Gospel Oak Project: the use of health and social services by dependent elderly people in the community.

The Gospel Oak Project surveyed a community sample of elderly people. Prevalence rates of depression and dementia were determined. Cases were assessed in detail and subject to long-term follow-up. Demographic information and morbidity data identified details of health service, social service and informal service contact. This paper reports the findings of the first survey of this population completed in 1987. It examines the effect of the increase in the very elderly on the need for health and social services, including contact with general practitioners. Duplication of service contacts are explored and the dependent elderly people not in receipt of services are identified. Finally, the survey investigates the effect of informal care on the level of service contact. Results confirm that contact increases with age, especially multiple service contact, implying a need for an expansion in future services. Although most depressed residents do not usually complain of depression, they have increased contact with health services but are not treated with anti-depressant medication. Few dependent elderly people receive no services; conversely there is no evidence of service duplication. Finally, receipt of informal care affected attendance at a day centre but no other service provision.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Cancer information: women's source and content preferences.

The authors examine the preferences of women who have undergone mammography for specific cancer-related information content from four information sources: doctors, friends/family, organizations, and media. Statistical analyses reveal significant interactions between content and sources and significant main effects for sources and for content. These findings raise important issues for health-related marketing campaigns.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1991

Market research guides an RN recruitment/retention campaign.

A 600-bed metropolitan hospital reduced agency nurse fees by $2.5 million a year by using market research to determine and produce the most effective advertising messages and media for its nurse recruitment/retention marketing effort.

Cost Savings↗
PubMed1993

The health care supervisor and the early communication patterns of new employees: the uncertainty of assimilation.

Without a doubt, a supervisor's most valuable resources are the employees placed in trust with that supervisor. It is the challenge of every supervisor to focus the vast energies of this resource on accomplishing the mission of the organization. Within the context of new employees, what happens during those first days of employment may determine how well they will contribute, if at all, to accomplishing this organizational mission. While new employee assimilation has many factors that affect its success or failure, the nature of communication that occurs with the supervisor is critical. As was shown in this study, new employees do, in fact, have a specific set of communication needs of which the supervisor should be cognizant.

Communication↗