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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Pregnancy complications following legally induced abortion.

The frequency of pregnancy and delivery complications in women whose previous pregnancy had been terminated by a legally induced abortion is evaluated in a prospective and a retrospective study. Bleeding before 28 weeks of gestation and retention of placenta or placental tissue occurred more frequently after legal abortion that in a control group matched for age, parity, and socio-economic status. Other pregnancy and delivery complications did not occur more frequently after legal abortion. It is of particular interest that the study could not demonstrate an increased frequency of low birth weight among women whose previous pregnancy had been terminated by legal abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1984

Genital colonization by Actinomyces israelii and serologic immune response to the bacterium after five years use of the same copper intra-uterine device.

An increased risk of developing genital actinomycosis has been found with long-term use of IUDs. In this study a group of women who had used their IUDs for 60 +/- 6 months was compared with a group having worn their IUDs for 36 +/- 6 months. None of the women examined had symptoms of genital infection. No significant differences could be found in colonization frequency of A. israelii on the IUDs or in humoral antibody response to the bacterium.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1997

Multiple induced abortions as risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. A prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of ectopic pregnancy by the number of previous induced abortions. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: Three thousand seven hundred and fifty-four women, 39 years old or younger, living permanently in one Norwegian county, who had had at least one induced abortion between January 1, 1987 and December 31, 1992, at the University Hospital of Trondheim, Norway were followed prospectively for histologically verified ectopic pregnancies until December 31, 1993. Exposure time was measured from the most recent induced abortion (index abortion) until the ectopic pregnancy, closure date, or the subject's 40th birthday. Statistical analyses were done in SAS applying survival analyses and poisson regression. RESULTS: During the follow-up period of 164,167 women-months, we observed 24 ectopic pregnancies in 3,754 women. The adjusted incidence density ratio (aIDR) for women who had had two or more induced abortions was 1.2 (95% CI: 0.5-3.1) in comparison with the reference group of women who had had one induced abortion. Measuring exposure as increasing number of consecutive induced abortions, no dose-response to ectopic pregnancy was found between two consecutive (aIDR 0.9) and three or more consecutive abortions (aIDR 1.1) in comparison with the reference group. CONCLUSION: In our setting, no excess risk of ectopic pregnancy was associated with multiple previous induced abortions compared with one previous induced abortion.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1987

The mortality in an age cohort followed from birth to age 70.

The Study of Men Born in 1913 is a prospective population study of cardiovascular diseases in Gothenburg, Sweden, that started in 1963. To describe survival curves and mortality pattern, all boy-children born alive in 1913 in the city of Gothenburg, were identified. This birth cohort was followed from birth to age 70 for residence, vital status and cause of death. At the age of 50 years, 25% of the birth cohort were dead and at age 70, 43% had died. The high infant mortality and the great impact of infectious diseases in the beginning of this century is illustrated. The death rate for the cohort was almost identical to national figures for men in the same age group. Men who migrated from Gothenburg had a death rate very similar to those who stayed. It can therefore be concluded that the men in the Study of Men Born in 1913 is a representative sample not only of men in Gothenburg but also of men in Sweden as far as mortality is concerned. Special attention was paid to death from otitis media complications, congestive heart failure, and diabetes. Few persons died from these diseases before age 50 when the prospective study started and therefore did not influence the study of the natural history for these conditions to any great extent. Otitis media infections might be studied retrospectively from this age.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

A 15-week experimental exposure of pigs to airborne dust with added endotoxin in a continuous flow exposure chamber.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of longterm exposure to airborne dust and endotoxin on the respiratory system of pigs. A continuous flow exposure chamber was built for the purpose of exposing pigs to selected airborne contaminants. Pigs (n = 6) were exposed to a combination of a very fine corn/soybean meal (40.6 mg/m3) with added lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 12.4 microg/m3) for 8 h/d over 5 d for 15 wk (75 d of exposure). Control pigs (n = 6) were housed in a room with minimal contamination of these airborne contaminants. Surprisingly, dust in the exposure chamber and the control room was highly contaminated with peptidoglycan. Changes in the lung were monitored by collecting bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid for cytology at 5 different time points throughout the exposure period. Blood samples were collected at the same time for hematology. A non-specific respiratory inflammatory response was found in exposed and control pigs, as suggested by the increased neutrophils in BAL fluid and the small inflammatory areas in the lung tissue. No macroscopic lung lesions were observed in control or exposed pigs. The findings in the control pigs imply that even low dust concentrations and possibly peptidoglycan contamination can induce cellular changes in the BAL fluid and that a true control pig does not exist. In addition, the exposed pigs developed a mild eosinophilia, indicating an allergic response to the airborne contaminants.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Premature rupture of fetal membranes, risk of infection and infant prognosis--a comparison of 2 regions].

The question to be answered was: Does premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and duration of PROM lead to increased mortality, neonatal and late morbidity and adverse cognitive developmental outcome? We present data of a bi-national cohort observation study in South Bavaria (SBy) and South Finland (SF). The sample included all children, who were admitted to a children's hospital (SBy N: 7505/70,600 live births; SF N: 1536/15,618), and some not transferred control infants (916 and 658, respectively). Obstetric details like PROM were obtained from perinatal records. Mortality and neonatal morbidity were recorded prospectively. Somatic, neurological and cognitive development was assessed at five and 20 months (corrected age), and final diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) and severe mental retardation was made at 56 months of age. Data were analysed separately for three gestational groups (< 32 (I), 32-36 (II), and > 36 weeks PMA (III)). PROM occurred more frequent in SBy than in SF and in both areas with preterm delivery. PROM irrespective of its duration had no adverse effect on mortality, morbidity, CP-rate or cognitive outcome of groups I and III in either SBy or SF. There was even a slightly lower mortality rate in extremely preterm infants after PROM. In SBy only, group II with PROM > 24 hours had a slightly increased incidence of CP. Unfavorable outcome was closely related to perinatal infections, which increased with duration of PROM. PROM and/or preterm labor occurred more often without than with inflammations of amnion and placenta. We conclude: PROM per se has no adverse effects on longterm outcome of special care infants, but it is closely associated with the developmental risk factors perinatal infections and, in particular, preterm birth. The prevention of ascending infections deserves further investigation, although such action may be beneficial lately to only a minority of individuals.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed2000

[Coagulation disorders in cancer patients: possible opportunity for therapy].

Coagulation disorders occur often in cancer patients. Thrombosis or embolism may be the first sign of an underlying malignancy. In addition, subclinical coagulation disturbances have been found in the blood of cancer patients, for example elevated concentrations of tissue factor or thrombin-antithrombin complexes. In 20% of the patients thrombocytosis occurs, and for lung and colon cancer it was found that thrombocytosis is an independent negative prognostic factor for survival. The role of an activated coagulation cascade in tumour growth is not completely clear, but there is strong evidence that the formation of a temporary fibrin matrix stimulates the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) and supports tumour growth and metastasis formation. Preclinical investigations demonstrated that tumour growth and metastasis formation can be inhibited by anticoagulants. Clinical studies suggest a beneficial effect of anticoagulants on the survival of cancer patients, but phase III randomised clinical trials should be performed to determine the effect of longterm administration of anticoagulants.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1999

[New direct restorative materials].

People worldwide have become increasingly aware of the potential adverse effects on the environment, of pollution control and of toxic effects of food, drugs and biomaterials. Amalgam and its potential toxic side effects (still scientifically unproven) continue to be discussed with increasing controversy by the media in some countries. Consequently, new direct restorative materials are now being explored by dentists, materials scientists and patients who are searching for the so-called 'amalgam substitute' or 'amalgam alternative'. From a critical point of view some of the new direct restorative materials are good with respect in aesthetics, but all material characteristics must be considered, such as mechanical properties, biological effects, and longterm clinical behaviour.

Biocompatible Materials↗