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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

[Methodological study of different qualities of filter paper in the radioimmunological determination of thyrotropin in newborn infants].

In the screening of newborns for congenital hypothyroidism, filter paper cards act as sample carriers for capillary blood specimens, and for reference quantities of the measured hormones. Therefore, the quality of the filter paper is especially important and must be taken into account. Different types of filter paper and different guide marks on the paper surface for spotting blood specimens were investigated. The hormone distribution within the dried blood spot and the time necessary to extract the hormones were examined in relation to the sensitivity and yield of the test kit.

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗

PubMed1976

Radioimmunoassay technology in mass drug screening: an evaluation of an absorbent paper disk transport system.

These studies have demonstrated the feasibility of using urine-saturated paper disks in place of urine in the RIA system for drug abuse detection. Results with the disks are consistent with those using urine. A satisfactory procedure has been devised which provides reproducibility of results with no loss of sensitivity or specificity. Further, the procedure is essentially the same as the current procedure requiring urine except that a paper disk punched from a filter paper strip impregnated with urine is used. Complete flexibility is retained to switch from urine to disk. No new or additional equipment is required. It is envisioned that the urine would remain at the collection site and dried filter paper strips containing urine under test be shipped to toxicology laboratories. Sould the disk assay be positive, the urine specimen identified with that disk could then be shipped to the laboratory for confirmation by gas-liquid chromatography or other acceptable methods. The time and expense incurred in shipping large volumes of urine would thus be eliminated.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1995

Quantification of orotic acid in dried filter-paper urine samples by stable isotope dilution.

A rapid, sensitive, and specific method for quantification of orotic acid from dried filter-paper urine samples is described. The method involves stable isotope dilution with 1,3-[15N2]orotic acid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The assay is sufficiently sensitive to be used with solvent extraction techniques commonly used for urinary organic acid analysis. Extraction efficiencies of both native and isotopic orotic acid from dried filter paper and from water were 31% and 28%, respectively. The concentration of orotic acid in dried filter-paper urine specimens from 50 healthy controls was 1.1 +/- 0.67 (mean +/- SD) mmol/mol of urinary creatinine. The same 50 urine samples, analyzed directly from a 5-mL aliquot of liquid urine, gave values of 0.93 +/- 0.51. The correlation coefficient between the results obtained by the two different collection methods was 0.87. Age-related reference values in filter-paper samples are also reported. The concentrations, which are normalized to urinary creatinine, decrease with age. This method is applicable to rapid screening for urea cycle disorders and may also be used for carrier testing of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Implementing an EMR: paper's last hurrah.

The implementation of an electronic medical record system in any large organization is as complex a task as the design of the system. During implementation, it is necessary that health care providers using the electronic system are able to communicate with colleagues who are continuing to work with the paper record. The Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, is well along the path to implementing an electronic medical record system. One of the key issues addressed has been the need for the electronic system to integrate with the paper record. This need to function in the dual electronic/paper environment has placed new demands on printers, required revision of some paper forms, and required the electronic system to create facsimilies of paper record forms. In addition, new security issues have been raised. Dual paper/electronic environment issues are an important challenge in the implementation of an electronic medical record.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1996

Methylmalonic acid quantification by stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from filter paper urine samples.

A specific method for quantification of methylmalonic acid (MMA) from urine samples dried onto filter paper is described. The method involves stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with [methyl-2H3]-MMA as the internal standard. MMA is stable in dry paper samples stored at room temperature for at least 2 weeks. The extraction efficiency of MMA from paper was 56-58%. The concentration of urinary MMA in dried filter paper specimens from 190 normal controls was 1.21 +/- 1.34 (mean +/- SD) mmol/mol of urinary creatinine. Age-related reference values are also reported. The concentrations, normalized to the urinary creatinine concentration, decrease with age. The applicability of this method to rapid screening for cobalamin (vitamin B12)-related disorders and methylmalonic aciduria is demonstrated.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Collaborative study of accelerated development of latent fingerprint images on paper by application of steam.

Nine latent fingerprint examiners participated in a collaborative study in the use of a steam iron to accelerate chemical development of latent images on bond and newsprint papers treated with a 0.5% solution of ninhydrin in acetone. Four latent images were placed on each paper by the Associate Referee during an 8 hr period. The papers were paired and numbered 1, 2, and 3. Three pairs were mailed to each collaborator who treated Pair 1 by dipping, Pair 2 by brushing or swabbing, and Pair 3 by spraying. After air-drying, the papers were subjected to heat and steam from a household steam iron until the images developed. The average time for developing all images was 5.8 min/paper. Of the total images available, 92.1% were developed to some degree; 47.9% of these images or 43.5% of all images were identified by the collaborators. The method has been adopted as offical first action.

Dermatoglyphics↗

PubMed1998

[Filter paper sampling for the detection of anti-hepatitis A IgM antibodies].

The usefulness of the whole sample taking in filter paper for the detection of anti-HAV IgM is described. 168 serum and filter paper samples were simultaneously compared. No alterations were observed in the specificity of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the catchment of IgM in the 52 samples of the control group or in the other 116 from patients with clinical suspicion of acute viral hepatitis. A sensitivity, specificity and coincidence of 100% was obtained on comparing the filter paper with the dilution 1:500 with the serum. The correlation established between the values of optical density of the positive results to anti-HAV IgM, the filter paper at dilution 1:500 and the serum was of 0.895. On applying this type of sample taking in a group of hospitalized patients, 100% of coindicence with clinical suspicion was attained. Besides, it was proved its usefulness for the diagnosis of a viral hepatitis outbreak. According to our results, it is recommended the introduction of this type of sample taking in the diagnosis of hepatitis A.

Blood Specimen Collection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of paper dust extract in vitro].

The effects of recycling paper dust extract on isolated nonsensitized guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle were studied in vitro. Dust extract was prepared as a 1:10 w/v aqueous solution. Dose related contractions of guinea pig tracheal rings were elicited with paper dust extract. Pharmacologic studies were performed with atropine (10(-6) M), indomethacine (10(-6) M), pyrilamine (10(-6) M), Ly 171883 (10(-5) M), NDGA (10(-5) M) and TMB8 (10(-5) M). The effects of extract were almost totally inhibited by the anticholinergic agent atropine, suggesting that a principal pathway mediating this response may involve the parasympathetic nervous system. The intracellular calcium blocking agent TMB8 also induced a reduction of the contractile response to paper dust extract, which is consistent with intracellular calcium's well established role in smooth muscle constriction. We suggest that paper dust extract causes dose related airway smooth muscle constriction, possibly associated with the release of cholinergic as well as other mediators. The constrictor effect does not require tissue presensitization.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The increase of iron phytoavailability in soils ammended with paper mill sludge.

In soils characterized by low organic matter and high pH values (7.5-8.59) iron availability to plants is limited even if the content of total Fe(III) is high. We have studied by Hordeum distichum plants the capability of paper mill sludge to increase the iron phytoavailable fraction in an alkaline soil. The effect of paper mill sludges adding to an iron-deficient soil was evaluated both considering the phyto-available fraction of iron and the distribution of organic carbon (hydrophobic, fulvic and humic carbon) in the soil before and after sludge adding. Iron concentration was determined in the different portions of Hordeum distichum plants grown on soils with and without paper mill sludges. Application of paper mill sludge induces an increase in the concentration of available Fe. This effect is probably due to the production of Fe chelators by soil microorganisms acting on sludge organic matter. The Fe chelators produced result in the solubilization of not soluble Fe-complexes present in the soil.

Biological Availability↗

PubMed1994

The efficiency of preoperative evaluation: a comparison of computerized and paper recording systems.

OBJECTIVE: We designed and implemented a preoperative evaluation record system with seven networked computers for use by physicians and other medical staff. This study compared the efficiency of the new computerized system with that of the paper system. METHODS: We reviewed data from preoperative evaluations completed from November 1990 through December 1992. Data were analyzed automatically (Borland C program) for two intervals: (1) the waiting period, defined as the time the patient entered the waiting room until he or she entered the examination room; and (2) the examination period, defined as the time the patient entered the examination room until an evaluation form was printed. Data were obtained for 2,511 evaluations on paper and 8,342 by computer. RESULTS: The average waiting period with the paper system was 56.1 +/- 44.8 min; the average waiting period with the computerized system was 59.1 +/- 47.0 min. The average examination period was nearly identical for both systems: 27.5 +/- 23.6 min for the paper system; 28.5 +/- 22.7 min for the computerized system. CONCLUSION: The computerized system required no more examination time than the manual system. In addition, we speculate that time is saved at other points of patient care by the legible, instantly retrievable preoperative evaluations that the computerized system produces.

Hospital Information Systems↗

PubMed2006

Development of a filter paper method potentially applicable to mass and high-risk urinary screenings for Fabry disease.

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder of glycosphingolipid catabolism resulting from a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, and leading to the progressive accumulation of one biomarker, globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), predominantly elevated in the urine of these patients. We have developed a technique for the analysis of total Gb(3) in urine samples collected on filter paper, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with a triple quadrupole instrument. Existing Gb(3) techniques being both time- and labour-intensive, this filter paper method eliminates lipid extraction, glycolipid isolation, centrifugation and evaporation steps, while maintaining sensitivity and efficiency. The stability of Gb(3) on filter paper was good for a 7-week period under different temperature conditions. Normal control values were established and the technique was tested with anonymized samples from Fabry hemizygotes and heterozygotes. The levels of total Gb(3) in all classical hemizygotes were well above the control values and all heterozygotes, except two nonexcretors, were above the reference level. The proposed novel filter paper method favours the collection, storage and shipment of samples. It is simple and efficient for a feasibility study, potentially applicable to the determination of total urinary Gb(3) in the newborn population as part of a screening programme, and could also be used in high-risk screening laboratories. Since the incidence of Fabry disease is hard to establish, owing to the heterogeneous clinical expression of the visible phenotype, this feasibility study could help determine its actual incidence in the Quebec population.

Chemistry, Clinical↗

PubMed2006

Celebrating 20 years of historical papers in Photosynthesis Research.

This editorial has four goals: (1) to inform the readers of 'Photosynthesis Research' about the past of the 'Historical corner'; which began 20 years ago; (2) to encourage photosynthesis researchers and historians of science to contact me for publishing papers of historical interest; these include: (a) Obituaries and Tributes; (b) historical papers on current and past discoveries and controversies; (c) history of research in specific laboratories, or in specific countries, or at specific conferences; (d) Personal perspectives (not discussed any further); (3) to encourage researchers not to discard, but to save correspondence and data of their discoveries for the future historians by donating them to their Archives, when appropriate (not discussed any further); and (4) to reinforce to the readers that the concept of two-light reaction and two-pigment system was already there in 1959. I mention here three key papers presented at the IXth International Botanical Congress, held at Montreal Canada (in August, 1959) prior to the famous April 9, 1960 paper by Robert Hill and Fay Bendall on the 'Z-scheme' of photosynthesis, that was based on thermodynamic and energetic considerations.

History, 20th Century↗

PubMed1983

Detection of antigens on nitrocellulose paper immunoblots with monoclonal antibodies.

A very sensitive method for the detection of antigen-antibody complexes on nitrocellulose paper immunoblots is described. The protein antigens are separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by their electrophoretic transfer onto a nitrocellulose sheet ("Western blot"). The protein antigens bound to the nitrocellulose paper are exposed to the monoclonal antibody and the antibody-antigen complexes are detected on the paper by an immunoenzymatic reaction. The improved sensitivity of this method is the result of (i) the use of the detergent Tween 20 in blocking the nonspecific binding of the antibodies to the nitrocellulose paper, (ii) the use of a peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) reaction, and (iii) the intensification of the diaminobenzidine reaction product with nickel and cobalt ions in phosphate buffer.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

A potential pitfall in protein kinase assay: phosphocellulose paper as an unreliable adsorbent of produced phosphopeptides.

The ability of phosphocellulose paper to retain phosphorylated peptides containing basic amino acid residues was investigated. Some peptide substrates that are commonly used for three different protein kinases were tested. The adsorption onto phosphocellulose paper was strongly dependent on the amino acid composition of the peptides. None of the phosphopeptides studied was adsorbed completely, the amount bound varied from 7 to 93%. Phosphopeptides containing two basic amino acids each differed remarkably in the degree of binding to the phosphocellulose paper (40% RRASVA, 60% FRRLSI, and 80% HRASV was bound). The results presented here indicate that data from phosphorylation experiments obtained so far for different peptides using the phosphocellulose paper method should be judged with caution.

Adsorption↗

PubMed1996

Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders at a pulp and paper mill.

A small cross-sectional study of upper extremity disorders was conducted in two departments of a pulp and paper mill. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of upper extremity disorders and identify any associated work place risk factors in long cycle jobs with multiple tasks of varying duration. Physical exams and health status interviews were conducted on 23 employees (77%) in the paper machine department and on 17 employees (59%) of the power and recovery department. All participants completed questionnaires on physical and psychosocial job characteristics. There was a statistically significant difference in hand and wrist disorders between the two departments at the p < 0.05 level (34.8% in the power and recovery department, and 5.9% in the paper machine area). Multiple logistic regression models showed a significant relationship between the use of a steel lance and shoulder disorders. Elbow arthritis was also associated with lance usage. There was evidence that the job analysis was not able to fully describe the risk factors present in the paper machine department. Biomechanical exposures existing prior to the time of the study may not have been adequately characterized. An important aspect of this study is that the jobs studied were not typical repetitive jobs that are commonly studied.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1976

A warning device which indicates the stoppage of paper in an ink-writing recorder.

A simple and inexpensive warning device is described which indicates when the paper has stopped moving beneath the pens of an inkwriting polygraph. The device operates on the principle that the electrical resistance of the paper under the recorder pen is markedly reduced when the paper stops moving and is made wetter by the ink. A buzzer sounds within a few seconds of the paper stopping and so reduces the possibility of failing to record otherwise irretrievable information, for example during all-night recordings of the EEG in sleep research.

Electronics, Medical↗

PubMed1988

The proliferation of medical papers in several countries after discoveries in cardiology.

The numbers of papers on the Medline database concerning seven innovations in cardiology in the last 20 years were ascertained by year from the time of their discovery until the present. They were further divided into three geographical regions. The proliferation of papers in medical journals regarding new discoveries is initially exponential, with a plateau phase which is unrelated in magnitude to the constants in the model for the exponential phase. The magnitude of the plateau phase in the case of drugs is related to the number of indications for use of the drug. The proliferation of papers on a particular subject in English journals lags behind journals from the United States of America and the rest of the world. Eventually there are a larger number of papers published per year, per head of the population or per doctor in England than in the U.S.A. Current computer databases are not satisfactory for research audit. The department within an institution and an assessment of the quality of the research should be available.

Cardiology↗

PubMed1994

D.L. Davies and 'Normal drinking in recovered alcohol addicts': the genesis of a paper.

This paper explores the genesis of D.L. Davie's 1962 paper on 'Normal drinking in recovered alcohol addicts' in terms of the background and training of its author and the institutional context within which he worked. Davies was born in 1911 and died in 1982. Alter a brilliant undergraduate medical career and war service in command of a military hospital, Davies joined the staff of the Maudsley Hospital in 1946 and was exposed to the intellectual influence of Aubrey Lewis. The research tradition to which he was introduced emphasised case description. The 1962 paper radically challenged perceived wisdom by purporting to describe 7 'alcohol addicts' who had achieved sustained, controlled drinking over a 7-11 year period. A subsequent follow-up of these cases suggested that Davies had been substantially mislead, and the paradox exists that a widely influential paper which did much to stimulate new thinking was based on faulty data. Some possible explanations for the occurrence of such a scientific accident are considered and the relevance of this story for the present day.

Alcohol Drinking↗