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Results for “Program Acceptability”

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PubMed1979

Structured educational program for staff development.

The development of a mandatory continuing education program for the pharmacy staff of a 675-bed hospital with 10 decentralized pharmacy satellites is described. The therapeutic topics selected for presentation were antibiotics, immunology and adverse drug reactions, diabetes mellitus and acid-base disorders. The format for each subject included a pretest of basic knowledge, a comprehensive lecture, a tape recording, supplemental handout material and readings, and a posttest. Posttests were scheduled three to four weeks following lectures to allow preparation time. Questionnaires were used to evaluate acceptance of the program. Posttest scores for each of the four topics were significantly better than pretest scores (p less than or equal to 0.0001). Questionnaire responses indicated that 97% of the participants believed the program to be worthwhile, and 94% voted to continue the series. The success and acceptance of this approach to continuing education support its application to a comprehensive program of staff development.

Chicago↗

PubMed1997

Initial employment status of resident physicians completing training in 1995.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the degree and type of difficulty encountered by resident physicians attempting to enter the workforce in 1995. DESIGN: Employment information derived from a 1-page descriptive survey completed by residency program directors from January 1, 1996, to June 15,1996, is described and compared with the results of a similar survey completed 1 year earlier. SETTING: Directors of 4568 residency programs in 31 specialties and subspecialties accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The number of 1995 program graduates, their current professional status, and program directors' characterization of the experience of graduates who entered clinical practice, including the number who experienced major difficulties securing an acceptable practice position. Program directors reported actual and anticipated decreases in the number of residency positions and the likely availability of future professional opportunities. RESULTS: The 3819 program directors (83.6%) who completed the survey reported that 20065 resident physicians completed a residency program during 1995. Of those seeking employment (n = 13215), most entered clinical practice (80.1%) or took an academic position (15.6%); 2.2% were unemployed or had taken a position in a specialty or subspecialty different from the one in which they were last trained. A portion (6.3%) of graduates who entered clinical practice in their specialty or subspecialty experienced difficulty finding a suitable position; the percentage was lowest among graduates of general surgery, psychiatry, and primary care specialties. CONCLUSIONS: Survey results regarding the 1995 graduates are consistent with those obtained regarding the 1994 graduates and suggest that the market for physician services in some disciplines continues to be restrictive. We found that graduates of the specialties of anesthesiology and plastic surgery, whom we reported had the greatest difficulty finding acceptable positions in 1994, had less difficulty in 1995, suggesting a possible improvement in the market, less competition, a change in the respondents' perception of "acceptable," or a change in the resident physicians' willingness to pursue different opportunities. The general consistency of our results and their congruence with other published data suggest that this method is useful to identify and monitor trends in the physician market.

Employment↗

PubMed1992

Battling AIDS through home care in Uganda and Zambia.

Innovative home care programs, providing a variety of services to persons with HIV infection and their families and reflecting different health, political, cultural, social, and philosophical concepts, have been developed in Africa, starting in 1987. In 1989 the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Programme on AIDS conducted a descriptive study of some of these programs. It is hoped that these experiences will assist planners and health care providers in their decision making and thereby benefit persons with HIV infection and their families. The lessons learned about the context, backgrounds, structure, process, and outcome of the six selected home care programs can be used and adapted by policymakers and program planners in their own settings when deciding on "their" model of home care.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed1994

Experience with not offering dialysis to patients with a poor prognosis.

Despite ongoing discussion of dialysis rationing in the nephrology community, there are little available data describing current practice in treatment selection for very ill renal patients with a poor prognosis. We report a prospective survey of end-stage renal patients referred to our Canadian regional dialysis center who were not accepted to the dialysis program on the grounds of poor prognosis and low quality of life. One quarter of patients referred during 1992 were not accepted to the program, with a mean age of 74 +/- 11 years. Patients were predominantly female and most suffered from a combination of renovascular and cardiovascular disease, with very poor functional capacity as determined by the Karnofsky scale. Nonacceptance to the dialysis program did not create legal difficulties or requests for second opinions. Based on our experience, we propose guidelines for nonacceptance of patients to dialysis programs.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The child and the medication: education software on administering medication in pediatrics.

Computer science is being introduced in education at an accelerated pace, thus forcing educators and students to become familiar with the technology. The objective of this project was aimed at the development and evaluation of the education software, The Child and the Medication. The program uses multimedia resources in four topics: the child, the medication, who administers it, and medication administration. The evaluation showed good acceptance of the program, with most of the items receiving excellent approval. The emphasis in this report is on the importance of teaching strategy development using computational means to teach nursing, thus capacitating the nurses of the next millennium.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Innovative technology for secondary students with learning disabilities.

During the 1980s, innovative use of technology was equated with microcomputer instruction. In the 1990s, a different kind of technology--videodisc instruction--has great potential for application in secondary special education. By examining its day-to-day use in naturalistic settings, this study builds on previous research with a specific videodisc program in fractions. Participants were seven secondary teachers of students with learning disabilities. Researchers measured the program's level of implementation, teacher reactions, and student achievement. Results were generally positive in all areas, with a surprisingly high acceptance of the program by the seven teachers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Establishing a community network for recruitment of African Americans into a clinical trial. The African-American antiplatelet stroke Prevention Study (AAASPS) experience.

A major aspect of a clinical trial is the ability to successfully recruit patients. There is a paucity of information concerning the nuances of recruiting study patients, especially those from minority communities. As minorities generally have been underrepresented in the health-care system, they may be less likely to participate in clinical trials or other studies. Thus, a strategy is needed to overcome this potential shortfall. One of our solutions has been the development of a community network to help disseminate information about our program. We believe that a key aspect has been the involvement of community members during pre-trial planning, community awareness programs, and our Community Advisory Panel. We also believe that it may be a major error to bring a health-care initiative unannounced into a targeted community without extensive pre-program planning in cooperation with that community. As our community awareness scheme suggests (Figure), there are many possible avenues to heighten awareness about a health-care program. While the church remains an important institution for religious and cultural activities in the African-American community, we have found that the news, television, and radio media also can be a powerful source for spreading awareness. Thus, we recommend creating awareness about an initiative through a "grassroots" approach of church and community organizations, along with a global approach through news, television, and radio media. As part of the awareness promotion campaign, it must be emphasized that the study is safe and provides benefits to enrollees. The success of health programs is largely dependent on community acceptance, which must be established in the pre-program planning stages of the initiative. This concept of obtaining community approval and acceptance prior to program initiation is not a new one, nor does it exclusively apply to the African-American community. Community leaders and members need to have a vested interest in such a program and a sense of empowerment. Through this type of communication, patient enrollment and community satisfaction can be substantial. Such success can serve as a springboard for other targeted health-care studies or programs in high-risk communities.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1996

An adolescent hepatitis B immunisation program. The Preston experience.

An adolescent hepatitis B immunisation program was conducted in all post primary schools in the City of Preston, Melbourne, Victoria, in 1993. The program was funded entirely by the City of Preston using SmithKline Beecham, Engerix B Adult Vaccine. A total of 857 Year 9 students in 8 schools were offered a three-dose course of Hepatitis B vaccine; 85% of all students elected to enter the program; 78% of all students completed the program; 95% of students who started the program completed the three-dose schedule. No side effects from the 2041 doses were reported. The program was well accepted and tolerated by the students with minimum side effects at a total cost of $34 per completed course.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Web-based training in occupational medicine.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our project was to develop and evaluate an interactive computer-based approach to teach medical students in occupational medicine. To enhance interest in occupational medicine the major focus was on clinical and practical aspects of occupational medicine. METHODS: The computer program was designed in HTML and JavaScript. It presents a guided tour of the patient's case history followed by information on practice and theory of occupational medicine. The program was integrated into the curriculum during the summer term of 1999 and the following winter term. To assess the effectiveness and acceptability of the program we asked students to rate the program on an 18-item questionnaire. RESULTS: Overall, 287 students participated in the evaluation of the program. The participants highly recommended the program structure and had no difficulties in handling the program. This was independent of the computer experience of the students. The evaluation showed that it was possible to enhance interest in occupational medicine by using "virtual patients". CONCLUSION: The program represents a student-orientated learning tool that points out clinical and practical aspects of occupational medicine. The availability via the Internet allows the application as a self-learning tool as well as a teaching tool for the medical curriculum.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

Attitudes of staff members toward a sex education program for hospitalized adolescents.

Problems encountered when introducing sex education programs into institutions are frequently attributed to adult resistance related to the anxiety of staff members about their sexuality and that of their charges. The author examines the process by which a sex education program was introduced into a psychiatric hospital for adolescents and the attitudes of staff members toward the course. He suggests that the acceptance of such programs is determined as much by the social dynamics of initiating change in institutions as by the particular content or form of the new program.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Development and evaluation of an educational software for pediatric nursing education].

Computer Science is being introduced in education at an accelerated pace, thus forcing educators and students to become familiarized with such technology. This study aimed at the development and evaluation of the educational software "Children and medication". The program utilizes multimedia resources in four topics: the child, medication, the person who administers and administration of medication. The evaluation showed a large acceptance of the program, with most of the items being rated as excellent. We emphasize the importance of the development of teaching strategies utilizing computer resources in nursing education and in the development of nurses for the new millenium.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1985

Description of a faculty-student group practice.

Dental schools are facing budgetary constraints, decreasing clinic patient populations, and increasing competition. At the same time, there is a need to provide students a realistic educational environment. The Dental Practice Systems (DPS) Program is a partially self-supported student-faculty group practice designed to address these issues. All individuals appearing for care are accepted into the program. Services are delivered by vertical teams of faculty preceptors, in-house specialty consultants, dental and dental hygiene students, and appropriate auxiliaries. All third- and fourth-year students rotate through the program providing clinical services. In addition, fourth-year students are assigned specific managerial responsibilities. The DPS Program maximizes the use of auxiliaries and students, allowing each to function as autonomously as is consistent with good patient care.

Behavioral Sciences↗

PubMed1983

Evaluating aseptic technique of pharmacy personnel.

A procedure for validating the effectiveness of a training program in aseptic technique for admixture personnel and for monitoring the aseptic technique of those trained is described. Double-strength soybean casein digest broth was prepared as the culture media. Technicians were instructed to prepare 50 sample i.v. admixtures after the structured one-week orientation and training period. The sample admixtures were cultured for sterility by a total-culturing method. An ongoing random-sampling plan was implemented to monitor the technique of the trained technicians. Six technicians completed the orientation program, and five compounded the validation admixtures aseptically. The ongoing monitoring revealed that the technicians who were validated have continued to perform at acceptable levels. This program validated that the personnel had adequate training in aseptic technique and the necessary skills for performing the aseptic manipulations required in i.v. admixture compounding.

Antisepsis↗

PubMed1976

Role vs. entry-level competencies in competency-based education.

The real strength of the competency-based education effort lies in its emphasis on the total program. No longer can we, as educators, ask ourselves merely: "What do I want students to learn in my course?" The studies and learning opportunities of students must meet specific objectives developed on assessed needs in the profession. The resulting output can then be evaluated against standards or a set of criteria. Since implementation of a competency-based education program requires "adaptation rather than adoption," both the role-competency and entry-level approaches are valuable. Few professionals are willing to accept totally a program or syllabus developed by someone else. However, effective adaptation requires understanding of the total concept of competency-based education. In fact, the search for totality is the heart of the competency-based movement. By viewing the framework of competency-based education and thoroughly understanding all of the components of the program, professionals should be able to utilize the ideas of others, even though they are presented in varying formats with constantly changing semantics.

Behavior↗

PubMed2005

A randomized trial of mail vs. telephone invitation to a community-based cardiovascular health awareness program for older family practice patients [ISRCTN61739603].

BACKGROUND: Family physicians can play an important role in encouraging patients to participate in community-based health promotion initiatives designed to supplement and enhance their in-office care. Our objectives were to determine effective approaches to invite older family practice patients to attend cardiovascular health awareness sessions in community pharmacies, and to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a program incorporating invitation by physicians and feedback to physicians. METHODS: We conducted a prospective randomized trial with 1 family physician practice and 5 community pharmacies in Dundas, Ontario. Regular patients 65 years or older (n = 235) were randomly allocated to invitation by mail or telephone to attend pharmacy cardiovascular health awareness sessions led by volunteer peer health educators. A health record review captured blood pressure status, monitoring and control. At the sessions, volunteers helped patients to measure blood pressure using in-store machines and a validated portable device (BPM-100), and recorded blood pressure readings and self-reported cardiovascular risk factors. We compared attendance rates in the mail and telephone invitation groups and explored factors potentially associated with attendance. RESULTS: The 119 patients invited by mail and 116 patients contacted by telephone had a mean age of 75.7 (SD, 6.4) years and 46.8% were male. Overall, 58.3% (137/235) of invitees attended a pharmacy cardiovascular health awareness session. Patients invited by telephone were more likely to attend than those invited by mail (72.3% vs. 44.0%, OR 3.3; 95%CI 1.9-5.7; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: While the attendance in response to a telephone invitation was higher, response to a single letter was substantial. Attendance rates indicated considerable interest in community-based cardiovascular health promotion activities. A large-scale trial of a pharmacy cardiovascular health awareness program for older primary care patients is feasible.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

Acceptance by Swedish users of a multimedia program for primary and secondary prevention of malignant melanoma.

BACKGROUND: In Sweden, the incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin is rapidly increasing, and the disease is now one of the ten most common tumor types. The objectives were to apply multimedia techniques to increase public knowledge about malignant melanoma and its risk factors, to increase awareness of preventive measures, and to make people more disposed to change their sunbathing habits. METHODS: A trilingual (Swedish, English, and German) multimedia program was developed for two target groups, health care personnel and the general public, with a total of >500 "pages" in each language. User reactions were studied on-site at a municipal pharmacy and library, where the program was available in a kiosk with touch-screen. RESULTS: Practically all 274 users interviewed found the program easy to use and understand. 92% identified one or more of the recommendations given. 66% found the program information "worrying," and 29%--mainly young women-instantly declared that they were going to change their sun-exposure behaviors. No correlation to skin type was found. CONCLUSIONS: A multimedia program of the present design seems to be a useful tool for health promotion.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Programming for the DNA analysis of FCM data on an IBM microcomputer.

The analysis of data generated on a flow cytometer (FCM) is often performed on a computer obtained especially for dedicated use with the flow cytometer. This computer component can be expensive and also presents the FCM user with the added burden of mastering specialized programming language or of accepting the secret analytical processes of protected proprietary program routines. We believe that the evolution of more accurate and efficient FCM analyses that have the power to consider complex signal distributions can be assisted by the availability of analysis programs written in languages common to many users. DNA analysis routines written for a relatively inexpensive microcomputer (IBM PC/XT) in Basic and Pascal are described here. The routines can automatically process multiple FCM data files and can provide high-resolution graphic hardcopy. A foreground/background utilization is also described that allows the computer to be available for other uses in the laboratory.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

National TV smoking cessation program and contest in Finland.

BACKGROUND: In the fall of 1986 the North Karelia Project in cooperation with Finnish TV 2 arranged an eight-part nationwide smoking cessation TV program. The Project, also arranged a smoking cessation contest coinciding with the TV program in cooperation with four major voluntary public health organizations and the national health service. The TV program featured two studio groups of local volunteers: one from Turku (southwestern Finland) and the other from North Karelia, where there was more intensive community support for the activity. RESULTS: Based on a national survey of a representative population sample, the reported viewing rates (at least one part) of the working-age population (15-64 years, smokers and nonsmokers) were 64% in North Karelia, 45% in Turku, and 46% nationally (P less than 0.001). Among smokers who had watched at least one session of the TV program, 7.7% reported to have tried to quit smoking in North Karelia, 4.1% in Turku, and 7.5% nationally. Altogether, 16,089 smokers participated in the contest; again the highest participation rate was in North Karelia. The 6-month success rate among the smokers who participated in the contest was 22% in North Karelia, 18% in Turku, and 17% nationally (P less than 0.05). Men were more likely to succeed in quitting: among men the 6-month success rate was 22% and among women 15% (P less than 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results and experiences indicate high viewing and participation and a beneficial cost-effect ratio. They also stress the importance of community support activities in enhancing the effects of a media-based health promotion program.

Adolescent↗