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Results for “Radioallergosorbent Test”

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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

A case retaining contact urticaria against egg white after gaining tolerance to ingestion.

A girl, 5.7 years old, gained tolerance to egg white ingestion in spite of high immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody titers to egg white but retained contact urticaria against egg white. She developed atopic dermatitis on her face at 2 months of age and showed high IgE antibody titers to egg white and cow's milk. Accidental ingestion of egg products initiated immediate symptoms such as wheezing, urticaria, erythema and edema of the eyelids and conjunctiva three times. These symptoms were confirmed by challenge tests using boiled egg white at 3.9 years of age. She also reacted positively to a 20 min patch test on her volar arm with raw egg white. However, there were no reactions to the oral challenge test by boiled egg and freeze-dried egg white at 5.1 and 5.7 years of age, respectively. This non-responsiveness was confirmed by a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge using freeze-dried egg white. Nevertheless, she showed positive reactions to a 20 min patch test with freeze-dried egg white. Her IgE antibody titers to the egg white components including ovomucoid, ovalbumin, ovotransferrin and lysozyme as well as egg white were high from 2.9 to 5.7 years old. Her IgE antibody titers for the ovomucoid fragments digested by pepsin, chymotrypsin and trypsin were not lower than those of positive control subjects. The binding activity of IgE antibody to ovomucoid, however, decreased from 2.9 to 5.6 years as shown by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition assays. The IgE antibody showed weaker binding activity to pepsin- and chymotrypsin-digested ovomucoid that were filtered through cut-off 10,000 filter at the age of 2.1 and 5.7 years. We speculated that the maturation of secretion of digestive enzymes was involved in the mechanisms of the acquisition of tolerance to egg white ingestion in spite of the persistence of contact urticaria.

Antibody Affinity↗

PubMed1986

Prevalence of IgE antibodies to grain and grain dust in grain elevator workers.

IgE-mediated allergic reactions have been postulated to contribute to respiratory reactions seen in workers exposed to grain dusts. In an attempt better to define the prevalence of IgE antibodies in workers exposed to grain dusts, we performed the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) on worker sera using both commercial allergens prepared from grain and worksite allergens prepared from grain dust samples collected at the worksite. We found that the two types of reagents identified different populations with respect to the specificity of IgE antibodies present. The RAST assay performed using worksite allergens correlated well with skin test procedures. These results may allow us to gain better understanding of allergy associated with grain dust exposure, and document the utility of the RAST assay in assessment of occupational allergies.

Allergens↗

PubMed1985

Isolation of the major IgE-binding protein from Parietaria judaica pollen using monoclonal antibodies.

Allergen molecules from Parietaria judaica pollen, a widely distributed allergy inducer in Southern and Western Europe, have been studied using specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). MAbs against IgE-binding components were selected in a 4-step radioimmunoassay. Three different MAbs (AC/1.1, AC/7.1 and AC/15.1) were obtained which recognized epitope(s) located on a polypeptide of 10 Kd (Pj10). This polypeptide displayed the highest IgE-binding ability under either native or SDS-denatured conditions, as determined by immunoadsorption and immunodetection after SDS-PAGE, respectively. The Pj10-containing allergen, purified on an AC/1.1 MAb-Sepharose column, was able to inhibit most of the binding of specific IgE to the pollen extract coupled to paper discs in an inhibition radioallergosorbent test (RAST). The affinity-purified allergen exhibited the same immunoelectrophoretic behaviour as the native allergen.

Allergens↗

PubMed2005

IgE binding to pepsin-digested food extracts.

BACKGROUND: Pepsin resistance of allergens like lipid transfer protein and 2S albumin has been suggested as explanation for the severity of symptoms often induced by these allergens. Component-resolved diagnosis with purified labile and stable allergens has therefore been proposed to better characterize the risk involved in a positive in vitro IgE test. However, for many foods, purified allergens are not (yet) available. OBJECTIVE: It was the aim of this study to evaluate the potential of pepsin-digested whole-food extracts to distinguish between IgE responses to stable (potentially severe) and labile (mild) allergens. METHODS: Sera (n = 143) from Italian, Spanish and Dutch patients with hazelnut and/or apple ingestion-related symptoms were analyzed for residual IgE binding to pepsin-resistant hazelnut and/or apple allergens. Control and pepsin-digested hazelnut and apple extracts were used for radioallergosorbent test analysis and immunoblot analysis. RESULTS: Pepsin digestion of food extracts, like from hazelnut and apple used for in vitro diagnostic tests, provides a way to distinguish sensitization to pepsin-resistant allergens from that to pepsin-susceptible allergens. In this selected group of patients, IgE reactivity to pepsin-digested extracts correlated with sensitization to the stable allergen lipid transfer protein. The analysis further revealed that the use of soluble pepsin can result in false-positive in vitro tests (2/143). CONCLUSION: Pepsin-digested food extracts are a convenient tool to identify patients with IgE antibodies against potentially dangerous stable allergens, in particular for those foods where the relevant stable allergens have not yet been identified. This can increase the clinical prognostic value of food allergy serology.

Allergens↗

PubMed2006

Acute peritoneal eosinophilia in a child with prune-belly syndrome following peritoneal dialysis catheter placement.

Peritoneal eosinophilia, although uncommon, was reported after placement of catheters for peritoneal dialysis. We describe a 7-year-old African-American boy with prune-belly syndrome who developed acute onset of peritoneal eosinophilia after placement of a peritoneal dialysis catheter. Peripheral-blood eosinophilia also was noted with the peritoneal eosinophilia, but was not correlative. Intraperitoneal and systemic corticosteroid therapy led to successful resolution of peritoneal eosinophilia. Radioallergosorbent tests indicated sensitization to latex. Unrecognized latex sensitization should be considered in any child with multiple urological surgeries who develops sudden onset of peritoneal eosinophilia.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

The detection of IgE by radio allergosorbent technique (R.A.S.T.) and ELISA in Egyptian cases of schistosomiasis.

Studies were carried out on the radioallergosorbent test (R.A.S.T.) in comparison with the Elisa for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Using sera from known S. mansoni, S. haematobium and both S. mansoni and S. haematobium cases, R.A.S.T. showed high sensitivity; 72%, 55% and 75% respectively, in the detection and quantification of specific IgE antibodies. While in case of ELISA only 20% of patients were positive. With control sera, both tests showed 100% negative. It is concluded that R.A.S.T. is more specific and superior than ELISA for IgE detection in schistosomiasis.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative hypersensitivity in intravenous lipid emulsions.

We report a case of hypersensitivity to Intra-lipid but not to Liposyn II lipid emulsion. The patient had mild allergies to soybean protein, egg yolk, and egg whites by radioallergosorbent testing (RAST). Because protein contamination of the phospholipid binder during the emulsion manufacture may rarely occur, such contamination should be considered as a cause for urticarial eruptions associated with lipid emulsions.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Isolation and partial characterization of a major peanut allergen.

We isolated and partially characterized a major peanut allergen (Peanut-I) using the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) to monitor the allergenicity of various fractions. Raw peanuts were pulverized, defatted, and extracted; the resulting crude extract (CPE) was fractionated by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose anion-exchange chromatography using a linear salt gradient. Peak allergenic fractions were further purified by a second DEAE cellulose chromatography step, followed by a preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) step. The final product, Peanut-I, contained 11% nitrogen and 8.7% carbohydrate and was homogeneous by both analytical PAGE and immunoelectrophoresis against rabbit anti-CPE. Peanut-I was heterogeneous by thin-layer electrofocusing and by PAGE in 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Biologic activity of Peanut-I was demonstrated by positive skin tests and leukocyte histamine release assays in patients with peanut allergy. By RAST inhibition assay Peanut-I did not account for all of the allergenic activity of CPE.

Allergens↗

PubMed1986

Allergy to laboratory animals in laboratory technicians and animal keepers.

The prevalence of allergy to laboratory animals (LAA) was investigated in laboratory technicians and animal keepers. In a questionnaire 41 of 101 technicians reported symptoms provoked by work with laboratory animals. On clinical investigation 30 were found to have symptoms and signs related to contact with animals, and allergy was confirmed by radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) and skin tests in 19. All had rhinitis and 10 also had bronchial asthma. Forty seven other technicians who had stopped working with laboratory animals showed the same relative numbers of respiratory tract symptoms and of confirmed allergy to laboratory animals as did those currently handling animals. Seven of 23 animal keepers had work related symptoms. LAA symptoms were found in four and confirmed animal allergy in two. All four animal keepers with animal related symptoms had rhinitis, none had bronchial asthma. Positive animal RAST and skin tests were found only among people with animal related symptoms. A history of atopic disease was commoner among those with positive animal test results than among those with negative test results. No relation between smoking and the development of allergy to laboratory animals emerged. Simple prophylactic measures often sufficed to help technicians with animal related symptoms to remain at work.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Latex allergy in an orthognathic patient and implications for clinical management.

A 19-year-old girl with mild asthma had had 16 months of orthodontic treatment as part of the joint orthodontic/orthognathic approach to her 9.5 mm overjet. At the time of banding her second molars she developed latex protein allergy as a reaction to the operator's non-sterile powdered latex gloves. She also gave a history of allergy to other substances as well as of eczema. The patient was confirmed as allergic to latex protein by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) for IgE, requiring precautions be taken during further orthodontic procedures as well as during the subsequent orthognathic surgery for the underlying Class II skeletal pattern.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Fluorometric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of IgE antibody to mite Dermatophagoides farinae.

We have developed a fluorometric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring IgE antibody to Dermatophagoides farinae. Polystyrene microplates were coated with proteins extracted from the mites. The IgE antibody which attached to the solid-phase antigen was detected by anti-IgE antibody conjugated with beta-galactosidase. Four-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactoside was used as the enzyme substrate and the fluorescence intensity of the reaction product was measured. The antibody levels determined by this method well correlated with those determined by the radioallergosorbent test (RAST). This method is simpler and less expensive to carry out than the RAST when dealing with a large number of serum specimens for seroepidemiological studies of asthma and nasal allergy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

The relationship between total serum IgE and castor-bean-specific IgE antibodies in castor-bean-sensitive patients from Marseilles.

The relationship between serum IgE and castor bean (Ricinus communis)-specific IgE was studied in a group of dockworkers and other residents of Marseilles who were diagnosed as having castor bean allergy. The diagnosis was made because they had asthma or other allergic symptoms together with a positive skin test to castor bean. Total serum IgE was found to be higher in castor-bean-allergic patients (mean = 174 IU/ml) than in a control group of local blood donors (mean = 66 IU/ml). IgE levels were not as high as those found in the sera of a previously identified group of castor-bean-allergic dockworkers from Port Sudan (mean = 902 IU/ml). Castor-bean-specific IgE was demonstrated in the serum of 91% of the allergic group and there was some correlation with total IgE (r = 0.53, p less than 0.01). The proportion of IgE antibody specific for castor bean was determined in 20 castor-bean-sensitive patients using the radioallergosorbent test and was found to vary between 9 and 64% (mean = 38% or 265 ng/ml). No castor-bean-specific IgE antibody was detected in the control group.

Ricinus communis↗

PubMed1997

Primary structure and allergenic activity of trypsin inhibitors from the seeds of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench).

The complete amino acid sequences of two trypsin inhibitors BWI-2a and BWI-2b from the seeds of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) were determined. BWI-2b consists of 51 amino acid residues containing two disulfide bonds. BWI-2a shares all amino acids with BWI-2b except for the C-terminal tripeptide: BWI-2a lacks Glu-Gly-Asn and ends with the Asp residue, making a total of 48 residues in the chain. The two disulfide bonds connect Cys11 to Cys32 and Cys15 to Cys28. BWI-2b shows no relatedness to the other buckwheat trypsin inhibitor reported [Belozersky et al. (1995) FEBS Lett. 371, 264-266]. Sequence comparison of BWI-2b with those of the other proteins included in PIR showed that BWI-2b is significantly homologous to the N-terminal region of storage proteins classified in the vicilin family. Furthermore, the allergenic activity of BWI-2b and the other buckwheat trypsin inhibitor BWI-1 was examined using the radioallergosorbent test. The result indicated that both inhibitors BWI-2b and BWI-1 have IgE binding activity, albeit to a low extent, suggesting that they might be minor allergenic proteins in buckwheat seeds.

Allergens↗

PubMed1996

A comparison of the development of antibody responses to the polysaccharide antigen (Candida albicans mannan) in atopic and healthy infants and children.

BACKGROUND: Defective antibody response against bacterial polysaccharide antigens is known to be associated with recurrent pyogenic infections. The role of childhood allergy as a risk factor for repeated infections with capsulated micro-organisms has been controversial. OBJECTIVE: To compare the development of polysaccharide specific antibody responses in atopic and healthy infants and children. METHODS: The antibody responses against a common polysaccharide antigen, Candida albicans mannan, were studied longitudinally in 18 atopic and 19 non-atopic children over the first 5 years of life. Determinations of IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies were carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and IgE antibodies by nitrocellulose-based radioallergosorbent test. RESULTS: The polysaccharide specific antibody responses were similar in both groups, except that anti-mannan IgM levels were higher at 5 years in the atopic children (P < 0.05, student's t-test). CONCLUSION: Atopic children are not more susceptible to bacterial infections on the basis of poorer ability to produce antibodies against polysaccharide antigens.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1993

Evidence of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity in allergic fungal sinusitis.

Despite documentation of specific immunologic hypersensitivity in a few case reports, controversy continues as to the role of allergy versus true infection in the clinical entity of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS). Using a modified radioallergosorbent test (RAST) to multiple fungal antigens, 16 patients meeting the histologic criteria of AFS and with positive fungal cultures were compared to 5 control patients with similar preoperative clinical findings but without histologic or culture evidence of AFS. All patients were immunocompetent and none demonstrated histologic evidence of tissue invasion. All AFS patients were RAST-positive to at least one fungal antigen in the family of their cultured organism with positive defined as class 2 or greater. No control patient was RAST-positive to either dematiaceous or Aspergillus fungal antigens. Thus, modified RAST testing can aid in the routine clinical diagnosis of AFS, and it provides further serologic evidence for a type I hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of AFS.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Three cases of fatal anaphylaxis to antibiotics in patients with prior histories of allergy to the drug.

Three cases of fatal anaphylaxis to penicillin and cephalexin are described. All three patients had prior histories of severe allergic reactions to the antibiotics they were given. The radioallergosorbent test was positive on post-mortem blood to the appropriate antibiotic in all three cases. RAST can be performed on post-mortem specimens of serum, sodium fluoride-treated blood, or whole blood.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Latex induced anaphylaxis: a case report.

The case of a 42-year-old latex-sensitive female who experienced urticaria, pruritus, soft tissue swelling, and significant hypotension during an outpatient barium enema is described. These signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis occurred immediately after enema tip insertion and before infusion of contrast material. The patient responded well to appropriate emergency therapy and her symptoms resolved in a 24-hour period. Subsequent radioallergosorbent test showed an elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) level to latex, and the skin prick test produced significant induration and erythema in response to latex. This patient experienced an IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction to the latex enema tip. Emergency physicians need to be aware of the spectrum of latex-induced allergic reactions.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

A new well-characterized, purified allergen preparation from timothy pollen. III. Immunological properties in the human immunoglobulin E system.

The following methods were used in vitro to characterize and quantitate the allergenic activity of a purified allergen preparation, Timothy N, from timothy pollen: radioallergosorbent test (RAST), direct-titration RAST and RAST inhibition. Vials containing freeze-dried and standardized quantities of this preparation showed good uniformity and accuracy with regard to the allergenic activity. The stability of the preparation in solution and in the freeze-dried state was tested by RAST inhibition and was found to be acceptable. Using the same method, the allergenic activity of Timothy N was compared to the allergenic activity of a crude extract, Timothy O, indicating a discrepancy which was not observed in vivo.

Allergens↗