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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

A comparison of dynamic extension splinting and controlled active mobilization of complete divisions of extensor tendons in zones 5 and 6.

We present a prospective randomized trial of two groups of 50 patients each having complete zone 5 and 6 extensor tendon injuries. These were rehabilitated by the use of either a dynamic outrigger splint or a palmar blocking splint. The results were analysed using the Miller and TAM assessments. Good and excellent results were achieved in 95 and 98% of cases following dynamic outrigger mobilization and 93 and 95% of cases using palmar blocking splint mobilization, using the Miller and TAM assessments respectively. There was no statistical difference in the results obtained between the two groups. Therefore, we prefer the latter technique which is simple, cheap, more convenient and requires less therapy time.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Splint treatment of Perthes disease].

In Perthes' disease the necessity of any treatment and its management has to be considered carefully. Good results are reported after treatment with various splints as well as after surgery. According to Imhäuser we prefer a position for the hip joint in the splint in 30 degrees flexion, abduction and external rotation respectively. In this position the lowest intraarticular pressure was measured. If deterioration of the containment develops while using a splint, we recommend surgical treatment.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The Tübingen hip flexion splint in the treatment of hip dysplasia].

The intrauterine hip position coincides with the so called squatting position with more than 90 degrees of flexion. This position is considered the best prerequisite for physiological development of the infant hips. In this position, pressure is equally distributed and there is no tension on the capsular blood vessels. A hip flexion splint is described which in a simple way provides for a reliable fixation of a newborn's hip in a flexion angle of more than 90 degrees an also for controlled abduction. Our splint is indicated in hip dysplasia. The paper illustrates the application on this inexpensive splint and its day-to-day care. Also we report on third party experience. The paper is summarized in the initial poster presentation.

Follow-Up Studies↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Stress relief of the hip joint by the Thomas splint].

The Thomas Splint is mainly administered to relieve weight from the hip joint. Theoretically the leg is bypassed by transmitting the body weight directly from the pelvis to the floor.--Load transmission via a Thomas Splint was measured with an orthosis strain gauged at the ischial interface area and at the foot plate. The results show, that about one half of the weight will bypass the joint through the orthosis. The Thomas splint ist unsuitable in cases when complete weight relief from the hip joint is necessary.--These results did not depend on whether the floor was flat or ascending, or whether stairs were climbed. The lateral bar never carried more then 25% of the force transmitted.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

[Internal ureteric drainage by antegrade ureteric splinting (author's transl)].

Internal urinary drainage by antegrade ureteric splinting was successfully performed in 24 patients and the catheter left indwelling in 19. The main indications were postoperative complications leading to ureteric obstruction and urinary extravasation; this could be treated successfully by conservative means in seven out of 15 patients. Temporary splinting in three patients with fibrotic ureteric stenosis, together with dilatation by means of a balloon catheter, did not result in normal urinary flow. In four patients with urinary obstruction due to a tumour, the method became the permanent treatment. Complications of the procedure were dislodgement, obstruction and incrustation of the catheter. The procedure is an alternative to retrograde splinting and percutaneous external urinary diversion.

Catheters, Indwelling↗

PubMed1982

[Transcaecal splinting of the small intestine as prophylaxis and therapy of ileus (author's transl)].

The present report concerns a simple method of the internal splinting of the small intestine which has been performed on 29 patients in the period between 1976 and 1980. This consists of introducing a Redon tube, perforated at regular intervals from the caecum into the proximal jejunum with exit of the tube via caecostomy. This transcaecal small intestine splinting is an efficient method for prophylaxis of the ileus in cases of peritonitis or lesions of the serosa as well as for ileus therapy in cases of severe abdominal adhesions or ileus recurrence. Our method encourages the formation of adhesions of the intestine lying in a physiological position and makes possible a continuous decompression of the intestine without the disadvantages of the transnasal or transjejunal splinting method. The postoperative development is portrayed. Complications due to the tube, such as formation of ansae and stool-fistulas as well as ileus recurrence are rare. Moreover, lethality is very low.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Value of dynamic splinting after replacement of the metacarpophalangeal joint in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

In a retrospective study, we compared a group of 13 patients (41 joints) treated with dynamic splints after replacement of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints with a group of 9 patients (29 joints) not so treated. We failed to confirm our hypothesis, that the range of movement in the joints would be less in the group treated with dynamic splints. Furthermore, residual extension lag was significantly less (p = 0.002) in the treated group. We conclude that postoperative dynamic splinting seems to be useful after replacement of MCP joints with silastic implants.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Treatment of subcapital fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone: a prospective randomised comparison between functional treatment and reposition and splinting.

We did a prospective study to compare the results of treatment of subcapital fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone by closed reduction and splinting or by functional treatment. Twenty-nine consecutive patients were randomly divided into the two treatment groups (functional n = 14, and reposition and splinting n = 15). The results of treatment were satisfactory in both groups. Functionally treated patients recovered their grip force and range of movement of the affected hand a little sooner. All fractures in both groups had united within three months. There were no complications. We conclude that subcapital fractures of the fifth metacarpal bone can successfully be treated without closed reduction and splinting.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Adverse events of acupuncture and occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of craniomandibular disorders.

Occlusal splint therapy and acupuncture have been found to provide positive treatment in a number of studies. As with other therapies, adverse events may occur. In this paper, adverse event refers to any reaction to a treatment besides the intended treatment effect--irrespective of any correlation between the treatment and the reaction. This reaction can be positive, as well as negative, to the patient. In the present study, 61 patients with craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) were treated with acupuncture or occlusal splint therapy and the adverse events were carefully recorded. The results show that the profile of the adverse events differed between the two treatment modes. Acupuncture seemed to have adverse events of a more general nature, e.g., relaxed feeling, improved sleep, temporarily increased pain; whereas, adverse events of occlusal splint therapy seemed to be more locally related to the orofacial region, e.g., increased/decreased salivation and tension in the teeth. The majority of the patients responded positively to both treatment modalities. Only in a few cases did the patients consider the treatment uncomfortable. No serious adverse event or complication was observed in this study.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed1994

Changes in vertical tooth position and face height related to long term anterior repositioning splint therapy.

This study evaluates whether extended full-time wear of a partial coverage mandibular anterior repositioning splint (MORA) causes intrusion of posterior teeth and determines the effect on jaw position. Sixty-four patients from two private orthodontic practices were studied using cephalometric radiographs to measure vertical change in position of the anterior and posterior teeth and the mandible. The splint wear time ranged from a minimum of one half year to a maximum of 4.8 years, with a mean of 1.33 years. No significant change was recorded in the distance from the mandibular molar to the mandibular plane. On average, the maxillary incisor and maxillary molar extruded about 1 mm, while the mandibular molar was unchanged and the mandibular incisor intruded about 0.6 mm. Posterior face height increased an average of 1.6 mm, and anterior face height increased an average of 2.7 mms. In 20% of the patients, intrusion of the mandibular molars of 1 mm or more occurred. In 41%, extrusion of the maxillary incisors of 1 mm or more was noted. Intrusion of the upper molars or extrusion of the lower incisors occurred in only 5% of the patients. The data indicates that only a very small proportion of patients having long term splint therapy using the MORA have clinically significant molar intrusion. Change in mandibular position was expressed in a vertical increase in posterior and anterior face height. Only very small changes occurred in antero-posterior position.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

The treatment of temporomandibular disorders through repositioning splint therapy: a follow-up study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of repositioning splint therapy as a conservative treatment modality for TMD patients. The treatment sequence of 160 randomly sampled TMD patients was monitored in order to assess different aspects of the patients' response to splint therapy. Included among these aspects were the pretreatment symptoms; the treatment duration required for initial and final alleviation of symptoms; the number of patients requiring surgery; and the particular appliance and its wear pattern utilized to maintain the treatment results. The treatment success was based on the remission of symptoms including but not limited to pain to palpation, headaches, earaches, jaw locking, and joint noises. Eighty-nine and four tenths percent (89.4%) of the patients experienced a complete remission of symptoms and did not require any surgical intervention. The average time for initial improvement was 22.3 days, while the average time for complete remission of symptoms was 4.3 months. The results of the study indicate that repositioning splint therapy is an effective treatment modality for the conservative treatment of temporomandibular disorders.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMed2002

The efficacy of anterior repositioning splint therapy studied by magnetic resonance imaging.

Magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were obtained of 52 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of 30 patients with TMJ disease, before insertion of an anterior repositioning splint. Ten TMJs showed a normal disc-condyle relationship. Pathological findings were partial or complete anterior disc displacement with disc reduction (n = 18), without (n = 7), or with partial reduction (n = 4) or non-reducing joints combined with osteoarthrosis (n = 13). Associated clinical findings were joint clicking, painful TMJ movements with or without condyle limitation, deviation, or crepitus. The clinical evaluation when compared with the MRIs correlated in 75 per cent of cases. Immediate post-insertion MRIs showed recapture of discs with a protrusive splint in 15 out of 18 reducing displacements. Recapture of the disc was seen in only two out of four joints with anterior disc displacement with partial disc reduction. There was no recapture in non-reducing joints. In severe cases of internal derangement with a wide range of disc displacement combined with changes of the osseous joint surfaces, the recapturing of the articular disc with an anterior repositioning appliance was unsuccessful (0 of 13). The follow-up for pain relief after one week showed a significant reduction of symptoms, despite the fact that recapture of the dislocated disc occurred in only 17 of the 42 pathological TMJs. The possibility for disc recapture depends on the disc-condyle position and configuration, the integrity of the posterior attachment, and the degree of degenerative changes of the intra-articular structures, such as osteophytosis, condylar erosion, or flattening of the articular disc. This diagnostic information influences the method of treatment of TMJ disorders. In non-reducing joints or in the later stages of internal derangement of the TMJ, it is not possible to achieve a normal disc-condyle relationship using protrusive splints.

Humans↗

PubMed1985

Air splint in preprosthetic rehabilitation of lower extremity amputated limbs. A clinical report.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the merits of the air splint in the preprosthetic rehabilitation of lower extremity amputated limbs. We describe various methods to control postoperative edema and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each. The protocol to apply and maintain the air splint and the advantages of this method over other methods are described. We believe the air splint is a very successful method available to all health care providers for safely controlling postoperative edema in a timely and effective manner.

Air↗

PubMed1988

Splints and casts. Managing foot deformity in children with neuromotor disorders.

This article presents methods by which physical therapists can use splints and casts to intervene directly in pediatric foot deformity management, preprescription evaluation, rehabilitation, and new splint designs for children with neuromotor disorders. Recent advances in biomechanics, engineering, and orthotics have introduced new methods of preventing or reducing foot deformity while facilitating optimal function. Several splint styles are described with current indications and contraindications for their use. The use of casts in serial applications to reduce soft tissue contracture rather than to reduce muscle tone is discussed.

Casts, Surgical↗

PubMed1992

Treatment of limited shoulder motion using an elevation splint.

This article describes the management of a patient with limited shoulder range of motion (ROM) by use of an elevation splint. The limited ROM was believed to be due to structural changes in the tissues surrounding the glenohumeral joint following a Magnuson-Stack repair for anterior glenohumeral instability. The patient's ROM plateaued approximately 6 months postoperatively and did not improve with a variety of physical therapy techniques. Use of an inexpensive, easily fabricated elevation splint was begun 8 months postoperatively, and subsequent improvements in ROM were observed. The rationale and suggestions for clinical use of the splint are discussed.

Female↗

PubMed1995

Active traction splinting for proximal interphalangeal joint injuries.

Proximal interphalangeal joint injuries can severely affect hand function. Early, active motion is important in ensuring a good range of motion and a functional outcome. Active traction splinting is a dynamic splinting system that can be performed with either open or closed reduction of phalangeal joint fractures, especially at the proximal interphalangeal level. This system allows for continued traction on the involved joint and thereby aids in providing a dynamic force that will unload the joint throughout its arc of motion and noticeably decrease pain. Early, active therapy and the continual in-line traction enables the patient to achieve an almost full range of motion early in the course of rehabilitation. This combination contributes significantly to improve patient understanding and compliance. The benefits of the active traction system are reduction of fragments, marked decrease in pain, and early range of motion with improved patient compliance. Early, active motion facilitates improved joint nutrition, contouring, and healing. Active traction splinting for proximal interphalangeal joint injuries is a relatively simple and effective method for treating these complex injuries.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Prospective, randomized trial of splinting after carpal tunnel release.

To determine the possible beneficial effect of postoperative splint immobilization after open carpal tunnel release, we performed a prospective, randomized study comparing 2 weeks of postoperative wrist splinting versus a bulky dressing only. Forty patients with 43 carpal tunnel releases were evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups using subjective parameters of patient satisfaction with their outcome and objective parameters of grip and lateral pinch strength, complication rates, and digital and wrist range of motion. No clinical evidence of bowstringing could be noted in either group of patients. We found no beneficial effect from postoperative splinting after open carpal tunnel release when compared to a bulky dressing alone.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Applications of dental splints with regard to modern techniques of rigid fixation.

Dental splints have been used in the treatment of maxillofacial fractures since the early 1700s. They have recently come into disfavor due to advancements in technology, the development of rigid fixation, and the application of craniofacial techniques. However, dental splints are still indicated in the management of maxillofacial fractures. These splints assist in anatomical reduction of the fractured segments, help immobilize and maintain the reduction prior to and during application of either maxillomandibular or rigid fixation, and act as stabilization during rehabilitation. Once surgeons become familiar with their applications, the time required to construct them is minimal.

Fracture Fixation↗