PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Subcutaneous Tissue”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Transdermal delivery and accumulation of indomethacin in subcutaneous tissues in rats.

Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective pharmacotherapy for a wide variety of painful, inflammatory disorders. Development of an efficient means of topical administration of NSAIDs could increase local soft-tissue and joint concentrations while reducing systemic distribution of the drug, thereby reducing side-effects. With this in mind we studied the effects of a novel topical penetration enhancer for lipophilic compounds, a trans-phase delivery system (TPDS), a solution of benzyl alcohol, isopropanol and acetone, on the distribution of indomethacin in various tissues locally and remote from the site of application. We compared the TPDS with a 50:50 (v/v) mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol, a commonly used penetration enhancer, and with oral administration. We found that the TPDS was significantly superior to the other approaches at achieving high local-tissue concentrations in the vicinity of the site of application. In addition, comparison of these two carrier systems seems to clarify the different aqueous and hydrophobic pathways of drug penetration which emerge from various experimental findings and theoretical considerations. Our results suggest that this non-aqueous solvent system, and benzyl alcohol in particular, because of its unique physicochemical and solvating characteristics, might be able to deliver therapeutic levels of indomethacin to tissues close to the site of application in a safer and more effective manner than presently accepted forms of delivery.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1991

Effect of skin concavity on subcutaneous tissue fluid pressure.

We tested the hypothesis that mechanical factors associated, with a skin concavity can cause the local tissue fluid pressure to become more negative. Perforated Teflon collars, 26 mm in diameter and having various heights (5, 10, 13, and 16 mm), were implanted into the fascial plane of the inguinal and abdominal areas of six sheep. After several weeks, visible signs of edema were no longer apparent, and the skin formed a concavity within the center of each collar. The depth of each concavity was measured using an electronic micrometer, and the tissue fluid pressure beneath the concavity was measured using a needle method. Over the entire range of collar heights, the average depth of the concavities ranged from 1.1 to 4.7 mm in the abdominal tissues and from 1.8 to 5.5 mm in the inguinal tissues. The respective values of tissue fluid pressure averaged -4.6 to -13.0 and -5.7 to -12.8 mmHg. The results therefore indicate that implanting deeper collars leads to the formation of deeper concavities in the skin and also to greater negativity in the free tissue fluid pressure beneath the skin. Linear regression extrapolation to a collar height of 0 mm corresponded to a tissue fluid pressure of -1.0 mmHg in the abdominal tissue and -2.4 mmHg in the inguinal tissues. A model based on excessive pumping of the lymphatic system in the vicinity of a concavity is provided to explain this newly described phenomenon. We conclude that mechanical factors associated with the formation of a skin concavity cause or permit the tissue fluid pressure to reach levels of negativity far greater than those that exist in the absence of a concavity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

Sonographic detection and characterization of musculoskeletal and subcutaneous tissue abnormalities in sickle cell disease.

Pain due to bone marrow infarction is common in homozygous sickle cell disease (SS disease). Musculoskeletal pathology may be responsible for persistent atypical symptoms. We have assessed the frequency and ultrasound appearances of soft tissue and joint abnormalities in SS disease. SS disease patients with atypical musculoskeletal symptoms were examined with ultrasound over a 2 year period. Ultrasound findings were correlated with those at surgery or percutaneous drainage. 31 episodes in 23 patients were referred for ultrasound. There were 36 abnormalities in 18 patients: abscess (n = 15), effusions (n = 5), soft tissue induration (n = 12), fat necrosis (n = 2), haematoma (n = 1) and reactive lymph node (n = 1). Five examinations were normal. Soft tissue abnormalities in patients over the age of 14 years were associated with intramuscular injections: fat necrosis (n = 1), haematoma (n = 1), indurated soft tissue (n = 1) and abscess (n = 7). Soft tissue abnormalities with no underlying cause were seen in seven patients: abscess (n = 4), indurated soft tissue (n = 2) and fat necrosis (n = 1). Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice for delineating these abnormalities and allows percutaneous drainage.

Abscess↗