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The anesthetic localization procedure is an aid in ruling out or confirming suspected primary sources of oral or dental pain. The authors present two cases to demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure.
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This case report describes the use of an extraction site for placement of a critically important implant. This use solved an important functional and cosmetic problem in a dramatic and successful manner.
This paper presents a combination of techniques to replace a missing first premolar in an atrophic posterior maxillary ridge with less than 4 mm of residual bone. Simultaneous sinus lift and implant placement were carried out as a delayed-immediate procedure 6 weeks following the extraction of the premolar. The osteotome technique was used to gain primary stability. Demineralized freeze-dried bone and deproteinized cancellous bovine bone (Bio-Oss) were used to create the bone volume. Autologous fibrin adhesive was subsequently used to stabilize the bone grafting materials both in the sinus and on the coronal part of the implant. This combined technique preserves the alveolar bone after extraction; simplifies the primary closure; avoids a second surgical site; and reduces the total operation time, cost, and inconvenience to the patient.
In this study, we analyzed 7 eruption disturbance cases of mandibular permanent incisors (5 males and 2 females), aged 5y9m to 10y4m. The etiology was divided into 3 categories: traumatic injuries (3 cases), odontomas (2 cases), supernumerary teeth (2 cases). The procedures such as removal of cause (4 cases), surgical exposure (5 cases) and traction (1 case) were done.
Trauma to deciduous anterior teeth, frequently occur in children, and the treatment is a big challenge for the pediatric dentistry. In these cases, besides the pain and discomfort provoked by the injury, both child and parents/persons responsible were eager to reconstruct the damage, as soon as possible. In modern operative restorative dentistry, no restorative material is able to substitute for the human dental enamel in quality, color and resistance. The aim of this paper is to relate the treatment of esthetic veneer (facet) of human dental enamel in a three-year-old child after trauma that caused concussion and accentuated color alteration. Clinical results showed an efficient esthetical resolution, revealing it to be a good alternative for treatment of traumatized anterior deciduous teeth.
A ten-year-old girl broke the central cusps of the mandibular second premolars. The mandibular right second premolar was treated with apexification and the left with apexogenesis. These methods were chosen in view of the presented clinical symptoms, radiographic findings, and outcome of bacterial cultures of root canal samples. At postoperative 2 years 8 months, disappearance of the focus, closure of the root canal, and formation of the root apex were observed in both mandibular premolars. The mandibular left second premolar demonstrated a nearly normal root formation and root apex morphology. Immediately beneath the extracted pulp, regular, uniform, and thick hard tissue was formed. Meanwhile, in the mandibular right second premolar, root growth was suspended, making the root short, and the contour was constructed in such a way that it encircled the distal apical area from the mesial side forming the root apex.
Trauma and pulpal infections in primary dentition are part of the routine of the pediatric dentist. Common consequences in these cases are alterations in dental color, compromising patient's esthetics and his interaction in social environment. Bleaching intends to preserve dental structure already weakened and to show immediate esthetic results. This clinical case shows a bleaching technique in devitalized primary teeth using bleaching agent with 35% hydrogen peroxide activated by photo polymerizer. This technique is simple and shows immediate satisfactory results.
In selected cases, forced eruption may be a useful approach in treating isolated nonrestorable teeth as a result of trauma, caries, or iatrogenic dentistry. This paper has presented the biologic rationale, objectives, technics and clinical cases to demonstrate the principle. Evaluation has been made of potential difficulties which may develop with the technic and areas for future research have been identified.
Alveolar ridge deformities are usually the result of trauma, periodontal disease, surgical insult, or developmental defects. Preventing ridge collapse with the extraction of maxillary anterior teeth is vital to an esthetic restorative result. Several techniques are available to prevent ridge collapse. In these case presentations, ridge preservation was achieved utilizing an acellular dermal matrix as a barrier membrane with a demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft. This report demonstrated an acceptable esthetic result with no loss of ridge height or width. Soft tissue dimensions were also preserved. The two graft materials were well accepted by the body and healing was rapid and without significant discomfort. The technique illustrated provides the surgeon with another option to prevent ridge collapse and ultimately improve esthetics.
When maxillary anterior teeth are extracted, subsequent ridge collapse can significantly compromise esthetics. Preservation of an adequate volume of bone is vital to successful implant placement. Ridge preservation achieved utilizing an acellular dermal matrix as a barrier membrane with a demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft has been previously reported. In this case presentation, guided bone regeneration was achieved around an immediate endosseous implant when this same technique was used. As in the previous case reports, this technique demonstrated an acceptable esthetic result with virtually no loss of ridge height or width. Soft tissue dimensions were also preserved. Both the hard and soft tissue grafts were well accepted by the body and healing was rapid and without significant discomfort. This surgical technique provides the clinician with an option to provide immediate implant therapy when primary closure cannot be achieved.
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the most important etiological factors related to traumatic dental injuries, type of required treatment, period from injury to initial treatment and frequency of recall appointments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 283 children with dental injuries managed at the Department of Dentistry of the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad, during the last 7 years. Retrospective data relied on trauma protocols of this department, whereas collected data referred to etiological factors, type of initial treatment, period from injury to initial treatment, recall appointments and complications of traumatic dental injuries. These results were compared with other similar national and international studies, in order to promote implementation of preventive strategies that would reduce the increasing frequency of dental trauma. RESULTS: Fall accidents were the most common cause of dental trauma. Injuries were most frequent in autumn, in the street, and in the afternoon hours. Single tooth injury was predominant, while the injured mostly denied previous injuries. Almost half of the injured patients did not seek professional help in the first 24 hours after the injury. 40% of treated patients missed their recall appointment. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of the etiology is important for planning preventive measures, but because of the complexity of etiological factors, it is difficult to prevent traumatic dental injuries. It is also important to underline the importance of immediate initial treatment of traumatized patients, and significance of their regular professional supervision. Generally speaking, almost all treatment procedures in management of traumatic dental injuries include preventive component.
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Soft tissue enlargements of the oral cavity often present a diagnostic challenge because a diverse group of pathologic processes can produce such lesions. An enlargement may represent a variation of normal anatomic structures, inflammation, cysts, developmental anomalies and neoplasm. Within these lesions is a group of reactive hyperplasias, which develop in response to a chronic, recurring tissue injury that stimulates an exuberant or excessive tissue repair response. The pyogenic granuloma is a reactive enlargement that is an inflammatory response to local irritation such as calculus, a fractured tooth, rough dental restoration and foreign materials. This article aims to present a case of pyogenic granuloma in 8 year old child patient associated with resorption of bone in relation to the tooth.
Dental health was evaluated in two populations of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in western Illinois (USA); one was from a rural agricultural area with low human density and the other from a nearby state park heavily used by humans and raccoons. From 1989 through 1993, 300 raccoons were live-trapped in the agricultural area and 246 raccoons were live-trapped in the park. Oral health was assessed using gingival and calculi indices and by measuring loss of attachment and tooth wear. Raccoons from the park were significantly older and smaller, but not thinner, than raccoons from the farmed area. Gingival and periodontal indices, tooth wear, tooth loss, and caries increased significantly from juveniles to yearlings to adults, at both sites. Males had higher levels of gingivitis and loss of periodontal attachment than females, but were similar on other dental measures. There were no seasonal differences between raccoons in dental indices. Animals with high scores for one oral measure tended to have high values for all indices. Dental health was generally good for juveniles and yearlings from both sites. Among adults, periodontal indices and the prevalence of caries were significantly higher in the park, but prevalence of broken or missing teeth was similar for both populations. There was no association between body condition, and a higher dental score or more missing or broken teeth.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the 5-year clinical performance of implant-supported prostheses with laser-welded titanium frameworks and to compare their performance with that of prostheses provided with conventional cast frameworks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On a routine basis, a consecutive group of 824 edentulous patients were provided with fixed prostheses supported by implants in the edentulous mandible. In addition to conventional gold-alloy castings, patients were at random provided with 2 kinds of laser-welded titanium frameworks. In all, 155 patients were included in the 2 titanium framework groups. A control group of 53 randomly selected patients with conventional gold-alloy castings was used for comparison. Clinical and radiographic 5-year data was collected for the 3 groups. RESULTS: All followed patients still had fixed prostheses in the mandible after 5 years. The overall cumulative success rates were 95.9% and 99.7% for titanium-framework prostheses and implants, respectively. The corresponding success rates for the control group were 100% and 99.6%, respectively. Bone loss was 0.5 mm on average during the 5-year follow-up period. The most common complications for titanium frameworks were resin or tooth fractures, gingival inflammation, and fractures of the metal frames (10%). One of the cast frameworks fractured and was resoldered. Loose and fractured implant screw components were few (< 1%). CONCLUSION: Even though the cast frameworks had a higher success rate, the overall titanium framework treatment result was well in accordance with the result of the control group. The test groups performed better after clinicians had gained some experience with the technique, and laser-welded titanium frameworks seem to be a viable alternative to conventional castings in the edentulous mandible.