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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Intermittent occlusion of the abdominal aorta: a conceptual approach in treating below-diaphragm tumors (a preliminary report).

A modified form of tumor strangulation as a possible treatment modality is considered. Intermittent intra-aortic occlusion by means of specially designed catheters and equipment is described. As a preliminary feasibility study, occlusion in non-tumor-bearing animals has begun, with projection for future human cases anticipated. Theoretical concepts of substances from the occlusion process resulting in cure and specific immunity in experimental animals are evaluated, and the belief in the development of modified antigens and antibodies as a consequence of restriction of a growing tumor's proliferating blood supply is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The evolution of experimental endarteritis in the rabbit abdominal aorta. Light and transmission electron microscopy.

Experimental aortic intimal thickening has been induced in rabbits by sheathing the vessel with a polyethylene cuff. The alterations have been examined by light and transmission electron microscopy, during 12 months. An irregular intimal thickening develops as soon as the 15th day and includes numerous myofibroblasts with some other cells of monocytic or endothelial type. Microfibrils, elastic aggregates and collagen fibers are found in the intercellular space. Simultaneously, the media undergoes a fragmentation of the elastic laminae and the adventitia shows a capillary angiectasis and a granuloma. After 3 months there is, between the intimal smooth muscle cells, a progressive increase of elastic and collagenous material. In the media, elastic break up becomes more frequent after the 4th month and myocytes appear increasingly atrophic, which facilitates the extension of fibrosis. This is accompanied at times by a thinning of the arterial wall with or without localized disappearance of the media. All these modifications are discussed and compared to what we had previously found in the femoral artery [12].

Aging↗
PubMed1996

Iodixanol vs iopamidol in intravenous DSA of the abdominal aorta and lower extremity arteries: a comparative phase-III trial.

Iodixanol (Visipaque, 320 mgI/ml) was compared with iopamidol (Solutrast, 370 mgI/ml) in a double-blind, randomized, parallel group, intravenous DSA phase-III trial for evaluation of safety and efficacy. A total of 117 patients received iodixanol (n = 60) or iopamidol (n = 57). Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated using categoric and visual analogue scales. Discomfort and adverse events were recorded. A total of 39 patients collected urine up to 72 h after the examination for analysis. Diagnostic efficacy and radiographic density were similar in both groups. Discomfort was milder with iodixanol. The difference between the frequency of adverse events between both groups (iodixanol = 7, iopamidol = 2) was without statistical significance. Creatinine clearance was slightly more affected by iodixanol, whereas the increase in renal excretion of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the first 24-h collection period after the examination was significantly higher (p < 0.01) with iopamidol. Iodixanol was of equal diagnostic efficacy compared with iopamidol despite its reduced iodine content. Both contrast media are well suited for IV DSA.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1992

Simultaneous reconstruction of infrarenal abdominal aorta and renal arteries.

From 1980 to 1990, 48 (4.7%) of 1,002 patients underwent elective aortic reconstruction and simultaneous renal artery reconstruction. Forty-five men and three women (mean age: 66.5 years) had 59 renal artery lesions (51 stenoses, six occlusions, one dysplasia, and one aneurysm) associated with 20 infrarenal aortic aneurysms and 28 aortoiliac occlusive lesions. One nephrectomy and 58 renal artery reconstructions were performed (35 prosthetic bypasses, 11 vein bypasses, six direct reimplantations, five transaortic endarterectomies, and one resection of an intrahilar aneurysm followed by autotransplantation). Operation was always indicated for the aortic lesions. Indication for renal artery repair was hypertension in 33 cases (17 associated with renal insufficiency) and one with isolated renal insufficiency. In the remaining 14 cases, surgery was deemed preventive. One patient died (2%). There were 12 nonfatal complications two of which were kidney failures requiring chronic extrarenal epuration. Routine follow-up arteriograms showed four postoperative renal artery occlusions. Mean follow-up was 35.8 months. Four patients were lost to follow-up; 10 died secondarily. Five year survival was 72.1 +/- 19.1%. Secondary patency of renal artery reconstruction was 89.5 +/- 9.4% at five years. Late results were favorable in 45% of patients with hypertension and in 39% of patients with renal insufficiency. Mortality in simultaneous aortic and renal artery reconstruction is not superior to that of isolated infrarenal aortic surgery.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Increased therapeutic effect on metastatic liver tumors in rats of two-route chemotherapy using cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, with temporary clamping of the abdominal aorta.

To improve the therapeutic effects of conventional "two-route chemotherapy" (TRC) comprising cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) given via the hepatic artery plus simultaneous i.v. sodium thiosulfate (STS) on metastatic liver tumors in rats, we combined TRC with aortic clamping at the supraceliac level. Treatments were evaluated in Wistar-King-Aptekman (WKA) rats bearing metastatic liver tumors 7 days after the inoculation of 10(6) syngenic RBT-1 (transitional-cell carcinoma) cells via the mesenteric vein. When 15 mg/kg CDDP was injected i.a. over 5 min, immediately followed by STS 1,580 mg/kg (200-fold the molar equivalent of 15 mg/kg CDDP) given i.v. over a further 5 min, the antitumor activity, evaluated by the number of tumor nodules present 12 days after treatment, was superior to that of conventional TRC (15 mg/kg i.a. CDDP plus simultaneous administration of 1,580 mg/kg i.v. STS), but the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level was highly elevated (63.6 mg/dl). With aortic clamping for 7.5 min during CDDP administration and the first half of STS treatment, the TRC consisting of CDDP plus delayed STS (modified TRC) exhibited a further improvement in antitumor activity, with no nephrotoxicity (BUN, 17.1 mg/dl). Although the antitumor activity of 3 or 5 mg/kg i.a. CDDP was also increased by aortic clamping, in animals with normal BUN levels the survival of those treated with modified TRC was greater than that of rodents given 3 mg/kg i.a. CDDP with aortic clamping; however, the former was the same as that of animals given 5 mg/kg i.a. CDDP with aortic clamping whose BUN levels were elevated (31.2 mg/dl). Loss of body weight, the decrease in WBC counts, and changes in the serum transaminase levels in rats given modified TRC were tolerable. The improved therapeutic effect of modified TRC can be explained as follows: during aortic clamping, (a) CDDP delivery to the kidney decreased by 96% and made feasible the delay in STS administration after CDDP without nephrotoxicity, and (b) CDDP retention in the liver was increased by 366%, as aortic clamping decreased the portal blood flow, thereby inhibiting the washout of CDDP from the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Intraoperative nitroglycerin: value of determining individual doses: (surgery of the abdominal aorta)].

Thirteen patients requiring infrarenal aortic clamping were studied during flunitrazepam, fentanyl, pancuronium and nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Each awake patient was submitted to a volume loading test to determine the haemodynamic status and his optimal left pre-load. Anesthetic induction was well tolerated. Nitroglycerin was administered by continuous infusion before aortic clamping and we determined the dose necessary to decrease the systemic vascular resistance by 20 per cent. This dose was very variable and needed to be increased in five of 13 patients at the time of clamping. With nitroglycerin, we noticed no significant alteration of MVO2 at clamping. Volume loading allowed good stability at declamping.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Infected atherosclerotic ulcer of the abdominal aorta as a cause of mycotic aneurysm treated by in-situ prosthetic graft reconstruction: report of a case.

A 68-year-old man with an infrarenal mycotic aneurysm underwent successful in-situ graft reconstruction using a woven Dacron graft. A tissue culture taken from the excised aortic wall revealed Staphylococcus epidermidis, and histological study subsequently showed penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers (PAU) involving all layers of the aortic wall and marked neutrophilic infiltration with abscess formation inside the ulcer. Atherosclerotic aortic lesions such as PAU are considered susceptible to bacterial infection, which may lead to the formation of an aneurysm after destruction of the vessel wall. Hence, elderly hypertensive patients, being at high risk for such aortic pathology, require careful studies performed to assess the aorta. The usefulness of computed tomographic (CT) scans to determine the presence of PAU or surrounding inflammation should be borne in mind even when a small mycotic aneurysm exists.

Aged↗