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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Children's accidents treated at health centers].

OBJECTIVES: To find the characteristics of accidents to children treated at our Health Centres. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: Almanjayar and Cartuja Health Centres, Granada. PATIENTS: The 0 to 14 age-group treated at our centres because of an accident. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The number of accidents to children treated at our health centres during 1994 was 217. The most common accidents were, in descending order: falls, 27%; burns, 20.7%; traffic accidents, 17%; poisoning, 15%; inhalation of foreign bodies, 10.5%; bites and aggressions, 9.2%. 48.3% of the accidents occurred at home, 37.7% in the street and 13.8% at school. In the relation of type of accident to age group, we found that burns affected children under 5 to a greater extent. Poisoning was more common between 5 and 9. Traffic accidents and falls affected children between 10 and 14 more. The relationship between age and type of accident is significant (p < 0.005). There is no significant connection between gender and type of accident. CONCLUSIONS: Age and some types of accident are directly related. The majority of accidents tend to occur at home and in the street. We consider that prevention is the best way of decreasing accidents to children. Programmes involving children, parents and teachers should be set up.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1995

Relationship between endothelial tissue factor and thrombogenesis under blood flow conditions.

We have evaluated the relationship between the level of tissue factor (TF) expression by stimulated endothelial cells and thrombus formation under blood flow conditions. Cultures of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated in order to express different levels of TF activity. They were stimulated for 4 h with either I) lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 10 micrograms/ml), II) recombinant interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta, 50 UI/ml) or III) simultaneously with LPS and IL1 beta (LPS+IL1 beta). TF activity was low on confluent HUVECs or on the corresponding extracellular-matrix (ECM prepared by exposure of HUVECs to 0.1 N NH4OH). In contrast, it was high when HUVECs were stimulated with LPS or IL1 beta, and significantly higher (p < 0.05) with LPS+IL1 beta. The TF activity associated with the stimulated ECM was 2-fold higher (p < 0.05) than that expressed on the luminal surface of the stimulated HUVECs, irrespective of the agonist or combination of agonists used. These surfaces were exposed to non-anticoagulated human blood at a venous (50 s-1) and an arterial (650 s-1) wall shear rate in parallel-plate perfusion chambers for 5 min. Thrombus formation was morphologically quantified by measuring the deposition of platelets and fibrin. Fibrin deposition was also immunologically quantified. Fibrin deposition was related to the level of TF expression. Non-stimulated HUVECs and corresponding ECMs were not thrombogenic. The luminal surface of HUVECs stimulated with LPS or IL1 beta alone expressed low levels of TF activity and was a poor inducer of platelet deposition and fibrin deposition (< 15%) at 50 s-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1995

[Lung disease induced by isotretinoin].

A young man without any past history of note had taken isotretinoin for disfiguring acne before the summer season. He presented with a severe bilateral pneumonia, associated with dyspnoea two months after the start of treatment. On the pulmonary radiography there was a bilateral ground glass appearance which was worse on the right. The elevated level of eosinophils (54% in 564,000 cells/ml) in the alveolar lavage lead to a diagnosis of allergic pneumonia. The rapidly favourable outcome following the cessation of the medication and with the addition of corticosteroids seemed to us a supplementary argument in favour of a diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia, due to isotretinoin which seemed the primary initiating factor.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1977

Polymorphisms of the haptoglobin peptide chains in Pyrenean populations.

This study has analyzed the haptoglobin genotype frequencies in over 900 samples from populations living on the Northern slopes of the Pyrenees. The results emphasize the importance of systematically determining the frequencies of the Hp1S, Hp1F, Hp2SS, Hp2FF, Hp2FS alleles. Hp1S was the predominant allele, the HpIS/Hp1 distribution varying between .5 and .69 as in most European populations. Hp2 alleles were observed in low frequency with differences in geographically distinct samples. Pyrenean populations in the western zones (Basques and Baronnies) were found to contain the Hp2FF allele while those in eastern regions, the Hp2SS allele. We have speculated that Hp2SS is as old as the Hp2FF, arising from southern Mediterranean areas, and suggest that Pyrenean groups have different origins.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Lipoprotein(a) in 505 hospitalized patients with various pathological states: correlations with cardiovascular diseases and therapies.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to study the lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) levels in various pathological states. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: This investigation was prospective and included a healthy control group. SETTING: This study was carried out in two internal medicine and angiology services in teaching hospitals. PATIENTS: 505 patients were included with various diseases: 66 acute infections, 9 HIV infections, 25 cancers, 86 diabetes, 36 systemic diseases, 94 atheromatous vascular disease, 27 arterial hypertensions. A control group was composed of 21 healthy subjects. INTERVENTIONS: There was no therapeutic intervention but cardiovascular treatments were recorded. MEASURES: Serum Lp(a), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, calculated LDL-cholesterol, apolipoproteins A-I and B were measured together with inflammatory parameters, serum creatinine, proteinuria, serum aminotransferase activity. RESULTS: There was no difference in Lp(a) levels between controls and each patient group. However, a correlation was found in systemic diseases between Lp(a) and C reactive protein (r = 0.371, p = 0.026) or serum albumin concentration (r = 0.453, p = 0.006). In hypertension, Lp(a) correlated with serum creatinine (r = 0.420, p = 0.03). In the whole patient population, Lp(a) was correlated with cholesterol (r = 0.156, p = 0.0001), apolipoprotein B (r = 0.215, p = 0.0001), age (r = 0.108, p = 0.015), arterial events (r = 0.174, p = 0.0001) and platelet anti-aggregant drugs (r = 0.169, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Lp(a), was related to atheromatous events and in systemic diseases to inflammation, suggesting that Lp(a) might vary in some patients in a manner similar to acute phase proteins.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Treatment of mixed cryoglobulinemia with recombinant interferon alpha and adjuvant therapies. A prospective study on 20 patients.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of interferon alpha (IFNa) in mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), a prospective multicenter clinical trial was conduced in April 1992. It consisted of treating 20 clinically symptomatic MC patients with IFNa for 26 weeks. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection was detected in 16 patients. A complete or partial clinical remission was obtained in 12 patients (60%). Eleven of these 12 responders (91.6%) experienced a clinical relapse less than 12 months after the end of therapy. Side effects were noted in 10 patients (50%). It was concluded that subcutaneously administered IFNa does not provide long-term remission.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1996

New rare variants and interpretation of the genetic diversity at the group-specific component (GC) locus in populations of India.

As part of our ongoing genetic studies, 2635 samples from 30 populations of the Indian subcontinent have been analyzed for GC subtype variation. Several rare variants were found and have been characterized using isoelectric focusing in 3 M urea and with an immobilized pH gradient and by comparison with known standards. Six new variants, 1A33, 2A22, 2A23, 2A24, 1C56, and 1C59, have been discovered in geographically and ethnically distant populations of the Indian subcontinent. Variants 1C11 and 1C21 have been reported previously in the French population and variant 1C36 has been reported in Nepalis, but all three variants were observed for the first time in the populations of India. The distribution of the rare variants in the Indian subcontinent was examined for anthropological usefulness for differentiation of Indian populations. The data for GC allele frequencies from 144 populations of India were compared for geographic and ethnic variation. A high frequency of the GC*IF allele was observed in populations of eastern India, and various ethnic groups from the eastern zone were clearly differentiated from similar ethnic populations from the rest of India. GC*2 allele frequency data were further correlated with various geographic and climatic variables, such as longitude, latitude, sunshine, solar radiation, and mean annual temperature. A significant positive correlation between GC*2 frequency and latitude was observed. The GC*2 allele frequency showed a cline increasing from south to north. Significant negative correlation was also observed between GC*2 frequency and sunshine, solar radiation, and mean temperature. A possible interpretation for selection of the GC*2 allele in areas with low levels of insolation is provided.

Climate↗
PubMed1997

Soluble adhesion molecules and endothelial cell damage in HIV infected patients.

Endothelial damage is present in HIV infection but our understanding of markers and mechanisms is incomplete. We found increased levels of markers of endothelial cell damage such as von Willebrand factor (vWf), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) and adhesion molecule E-selectin in 90 subjects seropositive for HIV relative to healthy controls. sTM was strongly raised in those patients with the lowest CD4+ cell count (p < 0.001), but levels of vWf increased at each incremental fall in CD4+ cell count and the two indices correlated significantly (r = -0.485, p < 0.001). vWf correlated strongly with levels of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) but sTM correlated only weakly with IFN-alpha. We suggest that increased vWf is largely the result of inflammatory stimulus of the endothelium but that sTM is found only in those patients with more severe disease, and so truly represents endothelial damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Up-regulation of tissue factor expression by platelet-derived growth factor in human vascular smooth muscle cells in culture--role of mitogen-activated protein kinase and effects of intracellular cyclic AMP.

Human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from normal adult arteries were investigated for the expression of Tissue Factor (TF) procoagulant activity at their membrane surface and TF antigen in lysed cells. In growing conditions, SMCs expressed high levels of TF activity and antigen. When cells were made quiescent by 72 h of subculture in serum-poor medium, these levels fell to about one third of the initial values. Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF) up-regulated in a dose-dependent manner TF expression with a significant increase (1.8 fold) within five hours. PD 98059, a specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway involved in cell response to PDGF, also prevented TF up-regulation. Short-term treatment by Pentoxifylline and dibutyryl cAMP also completely prevented induced TF up-regulation, but remained without effect on baseline levels of quiescent, unstimulated cells. At their effective concentrations, pentoxifylline and dibutyryl cAMP also inhibited the activation of MAPK induced by PDGF. The rapid induction of TF upon growth factor stimulation may be important in circumstances where SMCs proliferate, such as vascular events or vessel development.

Adult↗