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PubMed1998

Capturing tumour stage in a cancer information database.

OBJECTIVE: 1. To present the steps taken and lessons learned from one cancer centre's efforts to capture tumour stage information in a cancer database. 2. To determine the accuracy of the stage data through a chart audit. 3. To describe the potential uses of stage information in a cancer centre. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a retrospective review of an initiative to capture tumour stage information at a regional cancer centre in Ontario. DATA SOURCES: The minutes of the centre's Health Records and Medical Advisory Committees related to staging were reviewed. Data on stage by tumour type was extracted from the centre's Oncology Patient Information System (OPIS). Three hundred and ninety charts were analysed to assess the accuracy of stage information and identify staging errors. Health Information Services workload statistics were reviewed to determine the types and frequency of projects undertaken using stage-related data. RESULTS: In January 1994, the Ottawa Regional Cancer Centre introduced policies and procedures to capture stage-related information. Standardized staging forms and a physician reminder system encouraged the centre's physicians to record tumour stage within 3 months of new patient registration. Of all qualifying cases in 1994, 92% were staged. A medical audit in 1998 of 390 charts from the 3 previous years of staging data revealed that 71.5% of the charts reviewed had been staged completely. Of the incompletely staged cases, 19% to 57% had TNM recorded, but the stage grouping was not recorded, or the "stage" was the extent of disease at the time of disease progression rather than at initial diagnosis (35% to 71%). Physician-related staging errors occurred in 2% to 5% of cases; data-entry errors occurred in 3% to 6% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Stage information has enabled the centre to better describe its patient clientele for accreditation purposes and to assist researchers in estimating the number of patients potentially available for prospective and retrospective studies. It is being used to guide targeted educational initiatives to selected populations in the region's catchment area and assists administrators in estimating resource needs. Resistance to the capture of stage information can be overcome with persistence, the development of procedures that facilitate physician compliance, including a reminder system, the development of institutional policies and procedures and by feedback on the uses and availability of stage information.

Accreditation↗

PubMed2000

Cystatin capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of human schistosomiasis mansoni.

To diagnose human schistosomiasis mansoni, the current study tested an ELISA system that employs indirectly, through a chicken cystatin capture agent, the S. mansoni cysteine proteinases as antigens to detect IgG anticysteine proteinases. The study examined 40 patients with S. mansoni, 20 patients with parasitic infections other than schistosomiasis mansoni, and 20 apparently healthy individuals with no parasitic infections. The results showed that the cystatin capture ELISA gave a high sensitivity of 100% even in patients with low egg count. A similar high sensitivity was also recorded with conventional ELISA using SWAP alone without presensitization of ELISA plate with cystatin. Moreover, the capture ELISA showed no cross reactions with patients with other parasitic infections or normal individuals giving a 100% specificity, while the conventional ELISA using SWAP alone gave a lower specificity of 85%. The cystatin capture ELISA was found to be an easy, highly sensitive and specific serological method for the diagnosis of human schistosomiasis mansoni without the need of purified proteinases antigens.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[HIV-positive drug users in South Limburg: number and characteristics, a capture-recapture analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the number of HIV positive drug abusers (HDs) in South Limburg, the Netherlands, and to ascertain the characteristics of this group, so that special HIV healthcare can be planned. DESIGN: Capture-recapture analysis. METHOD: Capture-recapture analysis was carried out and abuser characteristics were determined using three incomplete, partially overlapping registers of HDs from the regional AIDS hospital, the Regional Institute for Addiction and the Municipal Health Service Centres in South Limburg. RESULTS: From the 80 HDs included, the Municipal Health Service Centres observed 59 HDs, the Institute for Addiction 45 and the hospital 44. The capture-recapture analysis gave an estimate of 110 HDs (95% CI: 91-164) in South Limburg. Assuming 1100 drug users in South Limburg of which 76% had injected on one or more occasions, the HIV prevalence among injecting drug users was estimated at 13% (110/836). From the observed HDs 80% were male, with a mean age of 38 years (SD: 7) and a mean age at the onset of drug use of 18 years (SD: 5). All HDs currently injected or had previously injected. The first injected drugs were used at a mean age of 21 years (SD: 6). All HDs used heroine, 84% also used cocaine, 54% were homeless, 91% unemployed and 80% had a history of imprisonment. Further, 71% of the female HDs were prostitutes, 37% of the male ones visited prostitutes, 81% had contracted hepatitis B (of which 20% were a carrier) and all HDs were infected with hepatitis C. An estimate based on prevalence data gave 143/836 (17%) and that based on capture-recapture analysis with two registrations was 102/836 (12%). CONCLUSION: The number of HDs was estimated to be 110. The population had a marginalized existence and there was a risk of HIV spreading.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Hybrid capture as a means of detecting human papillomavirus DNA from liquid-based cytology specimens: a preliminary evaluation.

The connection between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer is well documented, as is the benefit of an adjunctive, standardised objective test to complement cervical screening. Here, 197 liquid-based cytology (LBC) specimens previously processed for cytological examination (75 negative, 108 borderline/mild dyskaryosis, and 14 moderate/severe dyskaryosis) are examined for the presence of HPV using a hybrid capture assay. Of the 197 specimens tested for HPV DNA, 97 (49.2%) were positive using the combined high/low-risk probe, and 59 (29.9%) were negative cytologically and with the hybrid capture HPV test; however, 16/175 (21.3%) specimens classified as negative cytologically with LBC proved positive for HPV by hybrid capture. Of the 122 samples that showed abnormal cytology, 81 (66.4%) were positive for HPV. Although the number of samples tested is small, the results show that the use of LBC technology for both cervical cytological screening and the hybrid capture test has the potential to reduce both false-negative and -positive rates associated with cytological screening alone.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

The capture and translocation of gemsbok Oryx gazella gazella in the Nambi Desert with the aid of fentanyl, etorphine and tranquillizers.

Twenty-three gemsbok in the Namib Desert were captured with combinations of fentanyl or etorphine hydrochloride, hyoscine hydrobromide and tranquilizers such as azaperone, SU - 9064, triflupromazine hydrochloride and acetylpromazine maleate. Fentanyl, a New immobilizing compound, proved to be a safe and effective immobilizing drug for capturing gemsbok. The gemsbok were chased on the interdune plains and darted from a Land Rover with the Palmer powder-charge Cap-Chur gun. A six-seater helicopter was used on a trial basis to dart a gemsbok, but it is suggested that a smaller, more manoeuvrable helicopter be used for further operations. All the gemsbok were transported under narcosis from the capture area to an enclosure. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride was injected into the captured gemsbok to sedate them in their new confined environment. Tranquillizers such as chlorpromazine hydrochloride, acetylpromazine maleate and a new tranquillizer SU - 9064 were used to sedate the animals during long distance transportation in crates. This prevented the animals from injuring themselves and damagin the crates. For the first time in South West Africa wild animals were transported by air. A journey by road which under normal circumstances would have taken over 40 hours, was completed in less than 9 hours by utilizing aerial transportation. There were no losses during transportation and only two gemsbok were injured during the translocation operation.

Acepromazine↗

PubMed1992

[Study on the immunization effect of measles vaccine by capture-EIA].

Capture-EIA was applied to detect specific IgM antibody (SIgM) to measles virus in paired sera from 72 children before and after primary vaccination and HI antibody was also tested simultaneously. The SIgM and HI antibodies were not detected in 72 prevaccinated and 7 post-inoculated sera by both the capture-EIA and HI test. Among the 65 sera-conversion samples by HI test in the 15 days after immunization, comparing with the results obtained by the capture-EIA, the comformability were 83-100%. The results showed that there was a certain relationship between the level of SIgM produced and the vaccine dose inoculated. So, the results indicated that for investigation of the effect of immunization with measles vaccine. Capture-EIA is as good as HI test.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed2004

[The causes and reposition of fixed intraocular lens pupillary capture in children].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cause of fixed intraocular lens (IOLs) pupillary capture in children and investigate the rational methods to reposit intraocular lens. METHODS: Thirty-one eyes (30 cases) with fixed intraocular lens pupillary capture under 14 years old were analyzed based on clinical data; the causes and the complications were also evaluated. The IOL reposition procedure was performed in 8 cases (8 eyes) with severe complications. RESULTS: Different extent of secondary cataract, posterior iris synechia caused by severe postoperative uveal tract reaction were existed in all 30 cases, corecleisis was occurred in some severe cases. During reposition operation, different extent of lens cortex regeneration in the equator portion of capsule bag was found in all eight cases. CONCLUSION: Fixed pupillary capture of IOL is the common complication in children after cataract surgery. Severe postoperative uveal tract reaction and secondary cataract and lens cortex regeneration are the major causes of intraocular lens pupillary capture. The intraocular lens could be reposited through iris synechia separation, regenerated lens cortex cleaning and secondary cataract extraction.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Capturing-ELISA for the detection of anti-HCMV-IgM antibody in serum].

BACKGROUND: To develop a capturing-ELISA for the detection of anti-HCMV-IgM antibody in serum. METHODS: The anti-HCMV-IgM antibody was detected in 68 patients with HCMV infection by the capturing-ELISA, and the results were compared with those of indirect ELISA. RESULTS: The specificity and sensitivity of the capturing-ELISA were shown to be significantly higher than those of indirect ELISA, and its results were not affected by RF factor. CONCLUSION: The capturing ELISA is specific, sensitive, convenient and reliable method which may be feasible for clinical use.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Development and evaluation of a charge capture program for long-term care providers.

OBJECTIVE: Clinicians often have difficulty determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology Evaluation and Management code to assign to the type and intensity of patient care they provide. The purpose of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a handheld charge capture program for use by providers in the long-term care setting. DESIGN: Using a pre-post study design, we compared the coding accuracy and user satisfaction of an established paper process with a handheld charge capture program created for this study by means of: (1) preimplementation and postimplementation assessment of coding accuracy, and (2) preimplementation and postimplementation clinician survey. SETTING: We studied an academic division of geriatric medicine. PARTICIPANTS: Participants consisted of six clinicians who currently spend at least 50% of their clinical time practicing in the long-term care setting. INTERVENTION: A handheld charge capture program to replace the current paper-based charge capture process was reviewed. RESULTS: Overall coding accuracy improved by approximately 20% when the handheld program was used instead of a paper coding process. The majority of clinicians found that the handheld program was more widely available, efficient, easier to use, and encouraged the participants to document more completely and accurately in the patient's medical record. CONCLUSION: A handheld billing and coding program used by clinicians who provide care for long-term care residents is not only feasible, but leads to an improvement in coding accuracy when compared with a paper process. In addition, clinician satisfaction toward the billing and coding processes improved with the use of the handheld program.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1992

Thyroid hormone balance in beluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas: dynamics after capture and influence of thyrotropin.

Ten beluga whales, Delphinapterus leucas, were captured in the Churchill River, Manitoba, held for up to five days, and then released. Blood samples were obtained immediately after capture and at 6-7 h intervals thereafter to monitor changes in circulating levels of thyroid hormones (TH). In six of the whales, total and free thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) declined steadily, whereas reverse-T3 (rT3) showed a transient increase during the first 24-36 h, followed by a decrease to below initial values. The changes in TH may have been due to glucocorticoid-mediated reduction in endogenous thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and inhibition of 5'-monodeiodinase in peripheral tissue. Two whales were given 10 IU of bovine TSH immediately after capture, and again one and two days later, resulting in successive increases in all TH, which remained elevated for at least 24 h after the last injection. Thereafter, circulating levels declined as in the untreated whales. Two whales receiving a single TSH injection on the fourth day responded with an increase in plasma TH comparable to that observed following the first TSH injection in the other two animals. Average (+/- SD) circulating level of rT3 at capture was 6.3 +/- 3.1 nmol/L, which is higher than reported for any other mammal and was significantly correlated with the naturally elevated levels of T4 that occur in belugas occupying estuaries during the summer.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Nanostructured sorbents for capture of cadmium species in combustion environments.

The pathways of cadmium species to form a submicrometer-sized aerosol in a combustion system exhaust were established. Cadmium oxide was the predominant species formed in the experiments and resulted in particles of a mean size of 26-63 nm with number concentrations in the range of 2-8 x 10(6) cm(-3). Two different nanostructured sorbents, a solid montmorillonite (MMT) and an in situ generated agglomerated silica, were used for capture of the cadmium species. The MMT sorbent was not stable at 1000 degrees C, and structural changes resulted. MMT did not suppress nucleation of cadmium species and partially captured it by weak physisorption as established by the leachability tests. In contrast, the in situ generated silica nanostructured agglomerates had a high surface area, suppressed nucleation of cadmium species vapors, and chemisorbed them effectively resulting in a firm binding, as compared to the MMT sorbent. There is an optimal temperature-time relationship at which the capture process is expected to be most effective. The leaching efficiency under these conditions was less than 3.2%. The nanostructured silica agglomerate size can be tuned for effective capture in existing particle control devices.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed2006

Cerebral ischemia after filter-protected carotid artery stenting is common and cannot be predicted by the presence of substantial amount of debris captured by the filter device.

PURPOSE: Protected carotid artery stent placement is currently under clinical evaluation as a potential alternative to carotid endarterectomy. The current study was undertaken to determine the incidence of new ischemic lesions found on diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) in nonselected patients after protected carotid artery stent placement using a filter device and to determine the potential relationship between these new ischemic lesions and the presence or absence of a clear amount of debris captured by the neuroprotection filter device. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A nonrandomized cohort of 52 patients (40 men, 12 women) presenting with carotid occlusive disease underwent protected carotid artery stent placement using a filter device. DWI obtained 1 day before stent placement was compared with that obtained 1 day after stent placement. In addition, the macroscopic and microscopic analysis of debris captured by the filter device during the carotid stent placement procedure was assessed. RESULTS: Neuroprotected carotid stent placement was technically successful in all 53 procedures but was complicated by a transient ischemic attack in 3 patients (5.6%). In 22 patients (41.5%), new ischemic lesions were found on DWI, and in 21 filter devices (39.6%), a substantial amount of atheromatous plaque and/or fibrin was found. No clear relationship between the presence of debris captured by the filter device and new lesions detected by DWI was found (P = .087; odds ratio 3.067). CONCLUSION: Neuroprotected carotid artery stent placement will not avoid silent cerebral ischemia. Systematic microscopic analysis of debris captured by the filter device has no predictive value for potential cerebral ischemia after carotid artery stent placement.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Estimation of non-fatal road traffic injuries in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam using capture-recapture method.

Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are increasing in developing countries where accurate routine data are usually not available. Although a capture-recapture technique has increasingly been employed in studies of human populations to provide reliable estimates of the magnitude of problems, it has rarely been used in road traffic injury research. We applied two sample capture-recapture methods using hospital and traffic police records to estimate non-fatal road traffic injuries in Thai Nguyen City during the years 2000-2004. We generated a conservative adjusted estimate of non-fatal RTIs using data from the two sources matched by name, surname, sex of victims and at least one of the other matching variables, of age, address of victim and date of injuries. We then compared the estimated rates with those reported based on police and hospital data. The results show that during years 2000-2004, the police reported 1,373 non-fatal RTIs, while hospital records revealed 6,069 non-fatal RTIs. Most reported victims on both hospital and police reports were males (67.3 % and 74.4%, respectively). More than half the victims on both hospital and police reports were drivers (77.5% and 66.1%, respectively) or pedestrians (10.6% and 7.1%, respectively). Youth and young adults (ages 15-34) constituted the majority of the victims on the hospital and police reports (52.8% and 63.7%, respectively). The capture-recapture analysis estimated that 11,140 (95% CI: 10,626-11,654) subjects were involved in RTIs during the study period. In comparison to the estimated figure, official sources accounted for only 21.9 to 60.1% of total non-fatal RTIs. Estimated rates of non-fatal RTIs were 105.5 injuries/10,000 population per year and 393 injuries/10,000 vehicles. Given the fact that under reporting of RTIs has been a major limitation of routine official data sets in developing countries, we suggested the capture-recapture method be used as a tool to provide affordable and reliable estimates of RTIs in resource-poor countries.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1991

Total pupillary capture with a foldable silicone intraocular lens.

We report a case of total pupillary capture on the 1st postoperative day in a patient who had undergone phacoemulsification and placement of a silicone foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens. Anterior displacement of the lens optic resulted in 2.25 diopters of induced myopia. Dilation of the pupil corrected the lens capture and reversed the induced myopia, yielding a refraction of plano. Higher rates of pupillary capture have been associated with sulcus fixation and nonangulated flexible (polypropylene) haptics. Contraction of the capsular bag on the flexible polypropylene haptics of this silicone lens is thought to force the optic anteriorly, increasing the probability of lens capture by the iris.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Pupil capture of the posterior chamber intraocular lens: cause and management].

Pupil capture is a rare complication in posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. Among 259 eyes with PC IOLs, pupil capture was noted in 6 eyes (2.3%), all J-loop planar lenses (6/119 or 5%), while none of the other 140 eyes with angled or modified J-loop lenses had pupil capture. The complication was successfully corrected by a loop compression maneuver through the sclera, and the patients had visual acuities over 1.0 on follow-up. Based on clinical observations and an experimental model, it was presumed that the arching forward of planar lenses could be the major cause of pupil capture.

Humans↗

PubMed1987

Detection of human plasma-associated hepatitis B surface antigens by monoclonal antibodies (MAb): the same MAb can be used as both capture and tracer antibody.

We have produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated 11G12, of IgG1 isotype that recognizes group-specific epitopes of the HBsAg. It was demonstrated that the same MAb 11G can be used effectively as both the capture and tracer antibody to detect HBsAg in human plasma samples, using sandwich radioimmune assays (11G-11G sRIA) and sandwich avidin-biotin types of enzymatic assays (11G-11G sABC). The sensitivities for 11G-11G sRIA and 11G-11G sABC is 2.5 ng/ml and 5.0 ng/ml of HBsAg, respectively. Our data suggest that sufficient numbers of the same epitope exist on the HBsAg so that the use of the same MAb as both capture and tracer antibody does not reduce the sensitivity of the assays. The use of MAb 11G as both capture and tracer also minimizes the "hook effect" often encountered in testing high concentrations of plasma HBsAg by other assays. We also experimented with a sandwich RIA in which MAb 11G was used as the capture and polyclonal anti-HBs antibody as the tracer and found that such a combination increased the sensitivity of detection to 1.25 ng/ml of HBsAg.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1986

A highly sensitive immunoenzymometric assay involving "common-capture" particles and membrane filtration.

This highly sensitive immunoenzymometric method involves monoclonal antibodies, a common-capture microsphere, and a rapid, membrane-filtration separation step. The common-capture solid phase is monoclonal anti-fluorescein antibody convalently attached to 6.5 micron-diameter latex particles. In sandwich-type assays for large-molecule analytes, the capture antibody is conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate and the probe antibody is conjugated with beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23). In competitive assays for small analytes, the analyte-beta-galactosidase conjugate competes with the analyte in the clinical samples for the fluoresceinated capture antibody. After simultaneous incubation of the reagents for 2 h, the bound and unbound reagents are separated by filtration through the bottom of each well of a 96-well plate. Substrate (4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside) is then added to the wells, and the rate of product formation is determined kinetically for 12 min. The rate is proportional to the concentration of analyte in the sandwich assays and inversely proportional in the competitive assays. The assay results for choriogonadotropin, thyrotropin, digoxin, and thyroxin show the assay to be sensitive, rapid, and applicable to any size analyte. With this system, several different sandwich and (or) competitive-type assays can be performed simultaneously on the same plate.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1988

Quantitative analyses of the relationship between C3 consumption, C3b capture, and immune adherence of complement-fixing antibody/DNA immune complexes.

We have studied the turnover of the third component of C (C3) and capture of the major cleavage fragment of C3 produced during C activation (C3b) that occurs when soluble antibody/DNA immune complexes (IC) active C. We used the Amersham RIA kit for the minor cleavage fragment of C3 produced during C activation (C3a), and a new assay utilizing mAb to C3b to measure the fraction of active C3 in a C source after the IC activate C. These mAb, along with a mAb to human IgG, allowed us to measure IC stoichiometries. The efficiency of C3 turnover by the IC is quite high, and under conditions of Ab excess, the maximum number of IgG bound per dsDNA corresponds to 1 IgG/20 to 30 base pairs. The maximum number of C3b found in the IC corresponds to less than 1 C3b/IgG, and the vast majority of the captured C3b is bound to the IgG, and not to the DNA. We identified several IC that consumed large amounts of C3, and captured large amounts of C3b, but did not bind to human E via C3b receptors (C receptor type 1). This finding suggests that the ability of IC to bind to human E depends upon the number and distribution of captured C3b molecules and the conformation and size of the DNA Ag, which reflects the need for multivalent binding between several properly arrayed C3b and a "cluster" of C receptor type 1 on the human E membrane. IC that activate C3 but do not bind to E would presumably "escape" the E IC clearance mechanism, but could deposit in susceptible organs and tissues and play a role in the pathogenesis of SLE because of their potential to generate the inflammatory products of C activation.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗