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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1965

FAILURE OF PRETREATMENT WITH GLUCOCORTICOIDS TO MODIFY THE PHAGOCYTIC AND BACTERICIDAL CAPACITY OF HUMAN LEUKOCYTES FOR ENCAPSULATED TYPE I PNEUMOCOCCUS.

Allison, Fred, Jr. (University Medical Center, Jackson, Miss.), and Martha H. Adcock. Failure of pretreatment with glucocorticoids to modify the phagocytic and bactericidal capacity of human leukocytes for encapsulated type I pneumococcus. J. Bacteriol. 89:1256-1261. 1965.-The influence of glucocorticoid administration for 4 days upon the bactericidal and phagocytic functions of leukocytes recovered from venous blood of healthy human beings was evaluated within an in vitro system that contained fully virulent, type I pneumococcus. Ingestion of pneumococcus by granulocytes spread upon a suitable surface, followed by thin slide cultures of the preparation, permitted precise quantitation of cellular phagocytic functions. It was found that granulocytes from healthy donors subjected to short-term glucocorticoid treatment ingested and killed pneumococcus as well as did cells obtained before therapy. Human leukocytes obtained after treatment with prednisolone functioned in a suspending medium of high ionic strength as well as did cells harvested before treatment, although the efficiency of both groups was significantly less than when manipulated in autologous serum.

Glucocorticoids↗
PubMed1965

INFLUENCE OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DEGRADATION PRODUCTS AND ORTHOPHOSPHATE ON DEOXYNUCLEOTIDE KINASE ACTIVITY AND DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS IN PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE 3.

Firshein, William (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.). Influence of deoxyribonucleic acid degradation products and orthophosphate on deoxynucleotide kinase activity and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in pneumococcus type III. J. Bacteriol. 90:327-336. 1965.-An oligodeoxynucleotide fraction derived from a deoxyribonuclease-treated calf-thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) can enhance the activity of deoxycytidylic acid (dCMP) and deoxyguanylic acid (dGMP) kinases in cell suspensions of type III pneumococci. High levels of orthophosphate can produce similar effects. For part of the incubation period, the activity of dCMP and dGMP kinases is very low or undetectable in unsupplemented-cell suspensions of pneumococci. In contrast, the remaining kinases, deoxyadenylic acid and thymidylic acid, which are present in ample amounts in control and supplemented cells throughout the incubation period, are unaffected by the addition of oligodeoxynucleotides and orthophosphate. The stimulation of kinase activity is amino acid-dependent and can be abolished by adding chloramphenicol. When the oligodeoxynucleotide fraction and orthophosphate are further supplemented with all eight of the naturally occurring deoxynucleosides and deoxynucleotides (which do not affect kinase activity), a preferential enhancement of DNA synthesis occurs in comparison with cell growth or protein synthesis. Addition of deoxynucleosides and deoxynucleotides to unsupplemented cells produces only a slight increase in DNA synthesis. The preferential enhancement of DNA synthesis can be prevented by adding chloramphenicol at a certain time during incubation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1965

INFLUENCE OF DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID DEGRADATION PRODUCTS AND ORTHOPHOSPHATE ON UPTAKE OF DEOXYNUCLEOSIDES IN PNEUMOCOCCUS TYPE 3.

Firshein, William (Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.), and Bernadette A. Gargan. Influence of deoxyribonucleic acid degradation products and orthophosphate on uptake of deoxynucleosides in pneumococcus type III. J. Bacteriol. 90:337-342. 1965.-The uptake of specific C(14)-deoxynucleosides by a type III encapsulated (virulent) strain of pneumococcus in resting-cell suspensions is enhanced when such deoxynucleosides are added as part of a supplement consisting of other deoxynucleosides, deoxynucleotides, an oligo(deoxy)nucleotide fraction derived from a deoxyribonuclease-treated calf-thymus deoxyribonucleic acid, and orthophosphate. Ribonucleic acid degradation products or yeast extract are ineffective in this respect. Mixtures of deoxynucleosides and deoxynucleotides stimulate uptake of a specific deoxynucleoside during early stages of incubation, whereas orthophosphate and, to a limited extent, the oligonucleotides stimulate uptake during later stages of incubation. The stimulated uptake of specific deoxynucleosides can be abolished by adding chloramphenicol.

Carbon Isotopes↗
PubMed1964

THE SURVIVAL OF HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE AND PNEUMOCOCCI IN SPECIMENS OF SPUTUM SENT TO THE LABORATORY BY POST.

The isolation rates of H. influenzae and pneumococci from fresh specimens of sputum are compared with those from samples sent to the laboratory by post. The rate for both organisms from postal specimens is found to be approximately one half of that from fresh ones. The finding that postal specimens tend to be more acid than fresh ones does not seem to bear significantly on the survival of organisms. The examination of three fresh specimens from each patient, instead of a single sample, increases the isolation rate of H. influenzae from 40% to 70% in patients with pus in the sputum. The rate for pneumococci is increased from 32% to 41%. The corresponding increases in mucoid sputum are from 15% to 23% for H. influenzae and from 15% to 34% for pneumococci.

Bacteriological Techniques↗