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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Injuries of the small and large intestine following blunt abdominal trauma].

From 1979 to 1987 1428 patients with blunt abdominal trauma were treated in the Department of Surgery of the University of Freiburg; 119 patients had intestinal injuries. They were mainly young adults who had sustained a car accident. 71.3% of the small bowel injuries were overseen, 14.2% needed resection, and in 14.5% an operative procedure was not necessary. The surgical procedure for colonic injuries has to be chosen with regard to the age and general condition of the patient, to the severity of the trauma, to associated injuries and to the stage of peritonitis. Accordingly, 18% of the patients were treated with and 58% without a protective colostomy, 24% could be treated conservatively. Mortality and morbidity correlated with the severity of associated injuries. Morbidity was also dependent on the time interval between accident and operative therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Morphological effects of high dose neomycin sulphate on the small and large intestine.

The morphology of the intestinal wall and the activity of certain mucosal enzyme systems in the course of neomycin treatment were evaluated. Conventional and, to study the role of the bacterial flora, germ-free rats received 500 mg neomycin daily by stomach tube. Rats were sacrificed after seven days and small intestine (proximal and distal part) together with segments of the colon were removed and prepared for histochemistry. The colon and proximal small intestine of untreated conventional and germ-free animals did not show appreciable differences in staining activity after treatment with neomycin. Neomycin diminished both in normal and germ-free rats the activity of NAD tetrazolium reductase, succinate dehydrogenase, esterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in the distal small intestine. The findings of this study indicate that explanations for the beneficial effects of neomycin on hyperammonemia in liver disease should not only include the bactericidal action of neomycin but also its influence on absorption and metabolic functions of the mucosal cells.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnostic strategies of the small and large intestine].

The selection and sequence of different diagnostic procedures, such as abdominal X-ray, contrast roentgenography, ultrasonography, endoscopy and angiography, depend on the presenting symptoms and the presumptive diagnosis. In addition, the acuteness of the disease and the requirements for planning the operation determine the diagnostic time course. Novel image processing devices, such as endosonography and computerized tomography, may improve diagnosis, especially in rectal diseases. Successful outcome of diagnostic examinations can be achieved only by differentiated use of radiologic and endoscopic methods.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Adaptation of electrolytes and fluid transport in rat small and large intestine after distal small bowel resection.

Na+, Cl- and water transport were studied in jejunum, caecum and colon after either 50% or 80% of small bowel resection (SBR). Four weeks after surgery, dry and wet weights, net absorption in vivo of sodium, chloride and water were determined. There was a significant intestinal growth after 50% or 80% SBR except for the colon which only showed increased tissue mass after 80% SBR. Net transport was stimulated both, per organ and per unit mass. In the small intestine and caecum both organ growth and changes in cell function appear to be involved in the adaptive response, regardless the extent of the small intestine resected. In the colon, compensatory growth appear to contribute to the adaptive response only after 80% SBR, whilst the transport function of the colonocytes seems to be stimulated after both types of SBR.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of perioperative antibiotics on septic complications following emergency interventions on the small and large intestine].

The effect of perioperative antibiotics on septic complications in emergency bowel surgery was studied by reviewing the charts of patients. The rate of septic complications was essentially reduced in patients, who had received antibiotics pre-, intra- or immediately postoperatively compared with patients without any antibiotic medication (without antibiotics [n = 25] 6 abdominal wound infections, 5 lethal anastomotic disruptions, 2 urinary infections; with antibiotics [n = 24] 0 abdominal wound infections, 2 lethal anastomotic disruptions, 1 urinary and 1 pulmonary infections). Because of the significant reduction of abdominal wound infections which could be achieved in treating patients (X2 = 6,56; p less than 0,05) with antibiotics, these medicaments should be given in emergency bowel surgery with a further prospective controlled study being not necessary.

Abdomen, Acute↗