Needle biopsy and liver function tests in acute hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver.
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The advent of liver transplantation and the availability of effective medical therapeutics have recently made possible treatments of chronic liver diseases. These improvements have evidenced new needs for evaluation of the treated patients. In this review, authors present new biochemical liver tests proposed for a better monitoring in the course of the disease, to assess the therapeutic response in clinical trials and to reduce the number of liver biopsies. The different aspects of this paper concern the evaluation of hepatic uptake and biliary elimination, cholestasis, jaundice, cellular injury, fibrosis and liver tumor.
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In 15 cats, anesthetized with chloralose and curarized, liver hemodynamics and liver function were followed during graded hypoxic hypoxemia. Hepatic arterial and intrahepatic portal venous conductance were not influenced by hypoxia, whereas severe hypoxemia increased gastrointestinal conductance. Total liver blood flow remained constant and hypoxemia was compensated for by an increase in hepatic extraction of oxygen approaching 100%. Only when the hepatic venous pO2 fell below 5-10 mmHg did hypoxemia decrease liver function. The results indicate that the sinusoidal perfusion is homogeneous.