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Amino acid sequence of a peptide with both molt-inhibiting and hyperglycemic activities in the lobster, Homarus americanus.

A hydrophobic peptide of 71 residues was isolated from lobster sinus gland extracts that prolonged intermolt periods and lowered ecdysteroid titers in juvenile lobsters. Removal of the N-terminal pyroglutamyl residue allowed sequencing of 30 of the first 36 residues. Additional data were obtained from HPLC-purified fragments from endoproteinase cleavages (Lys-C, Glu-C, Arg-C, Asp-N), and carboxypeptidase Y digestion. This is the first reported amino acid sequence of a crustacean molt-inhibiting hormone. This peptide also has significant hyperglycemic activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

Lysis of trypanosomes by peptidyl fluoromethyl ketones.

Peptidyl fluoromethyl ketones, improved reagents for inactivating cysteinyl and serine proteinases, have provided unexpected results when applied to intact trypanosomes. A lethal effect was observed but limited to the infectious phase of the parasitic growth cycle. Since the inhibitors are known only to act on proteases, the result implies the existence of a protease of critical importance during the infectious phase. A labelled inhibitor, Cbz-Ala-[3H]Phe-CH2F, indicated that the killing effect correlated with the labelling of a 68 kd protein in the trypomastigotes which we deduce is an essential protease.

Animals↗

Stability of peptide nucleic acids in human serum and cellular extracts.

The stability of a new type of DNA mimic, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) in human blood serum, Eschericia coli and Micrococcus luteus extracts and nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was investigated using HPLC analysis. Under conditions that caused complete cleavage of a control peptide, adrenocorticotropic hormone fragment 4-10, no significant degradation of the PNAs, H-T10-LysNH2 and H-TGTACGTCACAACTA-NH2, could be detected. Similarly, PNA H-T5-LysNH2 was found to resist attack by fungal proteinase K or porcine intestinal mucosa peptidase at concentrations exceeding those necessary to completely degrade a control peptide, H-Phe-Trp-Tyr-Cys-Phe-Trp-Tyr-Lys-Phe-Trp-Tyr-Lys-OH, by at least 1000- and 30-fold, respectively. Thus PNA is expected to have sufficient biostability to be used as a drug.

Amino Acid Sequence↗