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Results for “PERICARDITIS, CONSTRICTIVE”

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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Chylous ascites and pleural effusion secondary to constrictive pericarditis presenting with signs of lymphatic obstruction.

Chylous ascites is a clinical entity characterized by accumulation of milky fluid containing high amounts of triglycerides in the peritoneal cavity. The cause is usually lymphatic obstruction secondary to neoplastic processes. Constrictive pericarditis rarely causes cylous ascites through elevated venous pressure and lymphatic stasis. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report of constrictive pericarditis leading to chylous ascites in a patient presenting with objective lymphangiographic findings of lymphatic obstruction rather than stasis. We present a case of chylous ascites and pleural effusion secondary to constrictive pericarditis presenting with signs of lymphatic obstruction in lymphangio-graphy, in whom complete clinical and laboratory improvement was achieved after pericardiectomy.

Chylous Ascites↗
PubMed1996

Differentiation of constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy: assessment of left ventricular diastolic velocities in longitudinal axis by Doppler tissue imaging.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the utility of left ventricular expansion velocities in differentiating constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy. BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that left ventricular diastolic expansion is influenced by the elastic recoil forces of the myocardium. These forces are affected by intrinsic myocardial disease but should be preserved when diastole is impaired as a result of extrinsic causes. METHODS: Using Doppler tissue imaging, we measured peak early velocity of longitudinal axis expansion (Ea) in 8 patients with constrictive pericarditis, 7 patients with restriction and 15 normal volunteers. Transmitral early (E) and late (A) Doppler flow velocities, left ventricular systolic and diastolic volumes, ejection fraction and mitral annular M-mode displacement were also compared between the groups. RESULTS: The Ea value was significantly higher in normal subjects (14.5 +/- 4.7 cm/s [mean +/- SD]) and in patients with constriction (14.8 +/- 4.8 cm/s) than in those with restriction (5.1 +/- 1.4 cm/s, p < 0.001 constriction vs. restriction). There was weak correlation between Ea and the extent of annular displacement (r = 0.55, p = 0.004) and the E/A ratio (r = 0.44, p = 0.03). There was no correlation between Ea and E (r = 0.33, p = 0.07) or ejection fraction (r = 0.21, p = 0.26). By multivariate analysis, Ea was the best variable for differentiating constriction from restriction. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that longitudinal axis expansion velocities are markedly reduced in patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy. The poor correlation found with transvalvular flow velocities suggests that Ea may be relatively preload independent. The measurement of longitudinal axis expansion velocities provides a clinically useful distinction between constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy and may prove to be valuable in the study of diastolic function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[A case of constrictive pericarditis with atrial fibrillation after mitral valve repair and Maze III procedure].

We report a case of constrictive pericarditis with atrial fibrillation after mitral valve repair and the Maze III procedure. A 66-year-old male underwent mitral valve repair and the Maze procedure for mitral valve regurgitation and chronic atrial fibrillation. About 4 months after discharge, he suffered from shortness of breath. Physical examination revealed a heart rate of 80 beats/min with irregular rhythm, external jugular venous dilatation and abdominal ascites. Electrocardiography revealed atrial fibrillation, and chest X-ray revealed moderate left pleural effusion. Computed tomographic images of the chest showed a that thickened pericardium. A distinct diastolic dip and plateau pattern were recognized on cardiac catheterization. The right atrial, right ventricular end-diastolic, and pulmonary wedge pressures were elevated. Idiopathic pericarditis and recurrent atrial fibrillation were diagnosed and pericardiectomy was performed through a median sternotomy incision. Intraoperatively, the atrial fibrillation converted spontaneously to sinus rhythm. The postoperative hemodynamics improved after pericardiectomy. Total pericardiectomy alone may not convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm in patients with constrictive pericarditis and chronic atrial fibrillation. In this case, atrial fibrillation converted to sinus rhythm during the procedure. This case report suggests that adequate unloading of atrial pressures is necessary for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients who have undergone the Maze procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Constrictive pericarditis mimicking Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Budd-Chiari syndrome and constrictive pericarditis share many clinical and histologic features. Clinicians must continue to reassess patients when given histologic data that are not specific for a particular disease entity, so that subtle clinical differences are recognized, appropriate diagnosis made, and therapy instituted.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Hydralazine-induced constrictive pericarditis.

A 59-year-old man was diagnosed as having constrictive pericarditis 17 months after a typical hydralazine-induced autoimmune syndrome. This late complication of hydralazine has been reported only once. Ten years later the patient was found to have anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies directed against myeloperoxidase.

Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Constrictive pericarditis in children under 2 years of age].

Two cases of constrictive pericarditis, in children under 2 years of age, of non-tuberculosis aetiology, diagnosed from June 97 to May 98 are reported. This entity is rare in paediatrics and it may progress to severe condition. Surgical treatment has a low risk and is generally associated with good prognosis. Aetiology, clinic presentation, differential diagnosis with restrictive cardiomyopathy and treatment are discussed.

Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive↗
PubMed2006

Constrictive pericarditis with atrial septal defect.

We report on a case of constrictive pericarditis (CP) with atrial septal defect (ASD) in a 50-year-old man. The combination of CP with ASD is rare and occasionally difficult to diagnose. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated ASD, but the finding of a thickened pericardium was poor. Diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Pericardiectomy and direct closure of ASD was performed during cardioplegic arrest under the support of cardiopulmonary bypass. The postoperative course was uneventful with marked improvement in symptoms.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1996

[Results of pericardiectomy in the treatment of constrictive pericarditis].

Between 1981 and 1990 at the Cardiosurgical Clinic in Hradec Králové pericardectomy on account of chronic constrictive pericarditis was performed in 20 patients. The authors evaluated the duration of complaints, preoperative symptomatology, surgical procedure and results of the operation. Symptoms of right-sided cardiac congestion were recorded in 80% of the patients. Calcifications of the pericardium were found in 70% of the patients. During the postoperative period one patient died (5%). The long-term results evaluated at least three years after operation were very good in 65% of the operated patients. Treatment of chronic constrictive pericarditis is surgical and involves subtotal pericardectomy from medial sternotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Chylous ascites and chylothorax due to constrictive pericarditis in a patient undergoing haemodialysis.

Chylous ascites and chylothorax are rare clinical entities and usually caused by neoplasms, particularly lymphomas, liver cirrhosis, superior vena cava thrombosis, nephrotic syndrome, and some cardiac events such as dilated cardiomyopathy or right heart failure. Constrictive pericarditis is an extremely rare cause of this clinical state. We report a 41-year-old male patient undergoing haemodialysis who presented with chylous ascites and chylothorax. Echocardiography and heart catheterisation revealed constrictive pericarditis. He underwent pericardiectomy and after the operation the ascites and pleural effusion resolved rapidly. We suggest that constrictive pericarditis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chylous ascites and chylothorax.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Left ventricular dysfunction after pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis.

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of suspected constrictive pericarditis. After the diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac catheterization, an elective pericardiectomy was performed without complication. Four days after surgery dyspnea developed in the patient, and he was found to have an acute decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography. The patient's symptoms and the LVEF improved over time and returned to normal 4 weeks after surgery. Transient hemodynamic dysfunction of the left ventricle has previously been reported after pericardiectomy or pericardiocentesis; however, we know of no reports in the literature that confirm an acute reduction in LVEF by echocardiography after pericardiectomy for constrictive pericarditis.

Echocardiography↗
PubMed2006

[Protein-losing enteropathy revealing an idiopathic constrictive pericarditis].

INTRODUCTION: The cause of protein-losing enteropathy is sometimes difficult to establish. It can be rarely due to a constrictive pericarditis. EXEGESIS: We report a patient presenting a protein-losing enteropathy revealing a constrictive pericarditis. CONCLUSION: Chronic pericarditis should be evoked in case of unexplained protein-losing enteropathy. Echocardiography can sometimes be normal. Therefore, chest computed tomography scan or cardiac MRI followed by confirmation right heart catheterization should be performed in case of persistent unexplained protein-losing enteropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Atrial septal motion in effusive--constrictive pericarditis: transesophageal echocardiographic study and hemodynamic correlation.

Transesophageal echocardiography was performed in 7 patients with effusive-constrictive pericarditis to analyze atrial septal motion(ASM). In 3 patients, the ASM was found to be normal with atrial septum (AS) moving toward the right atrium from ventricular mid-systole to early-diastole and toward the left atrium from mid-diastole to early-systole. Respiration had little effect on the ASM. In 2 patients, a brisk inversion of ASM toward the left atrium at ventricular early-to-mid systole was noted during inspiration. In the other 2 patients, a sustained ASM toward the left atrium during ventricular systole was found. In 4 of these 7 patients, hemodynamic studies were performed simultaneously with the transesophageal echocardiography. The ASM reflected the pressure gradient between the left atrium (as measured by pulmonary arterial wedge pressure) and the right atrium. The augmented ASM toward the left atrium occurred as left atrial pressure decreased markedly during inspiration. In conclusion, the ASM in patients with effusive-constrictive pericarditis showed 3 patterns: normal, sustained systolic motion toward the left atrium and a brisk systolic displacement toward the left atrium during inspiration. The ASM reflects changes in the interatrial pressure gradient.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Constrictive pericarditis--do we need a complete decortication?].

Pericardectomy is an established method for the treatment of various diseases, especially of constrictive pericarditis. Between 1969 and 1991, 212 cases of pericardial diseases were treated surgically. In 72 cases pericardectomy was performed for constrictive pericarditis. Surgical technique and indication for extracorporeal circulation are discussed. Postoperative haemodynamic problems were only seen in cases of preoperative advanced stage myocardial impairment. Extracorporeal circulation is only regarded as necessary in cases of strongly reduced myocardial function or if associated diseases need to be corrected.

Heart-Lung Machine↗