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PubMedDate not supplied

Primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Columbia University's Salivary Gland Center (SGC) has examined more than 6,000 patients with a variety of concerns stemming from salivary gland disease and/or salivary secretory dysfunction. Not unexpectedly, the most common patient complaint centers around symptoms associated with dry mouth. Such patients are usually first seen by the dental practitioner. Because Sjögren's syndrome (SS) causes dry mouth, and because it is a relatively common entity--encountered in about three million Americans--and because the dental profession has become aware of its classic manifestation of xerostomia, patients experiencing SS are referred in increasing numbers to the SGC for evaluation. Therefore, the authors wish to call attention to the methodology used in accurately diagnosing SS and to illustrate its signs and symptoms with a case report.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed2000

A structural and immunocytochemical study of palatine and labial salivary glands from chronic alcoholics.

In the present study we investigated tissue changes in palatine (PG) and labial (LG) minor salivary glands from individuals who had died of alcoholic hepatic cirrhosis, to characterize histopathological parameters of alcoholic sialosis, that may be used for differential diagnosis. Samples obtained from autopsies were processed using cytochemical techniques for mucosubstances and immunocytochemical labelling for cytokeratines, PS 100 and T-cells. Both PG and LG showed dilated excretory ducts with atrophic epithelium, which contained PAS+ metachromatic material and detached cells. Intra and interlobular ductal hyperplasia was present in some areas, mainly in PG. CK expression was heterogeneous in ductal cells, and negative in acinar cells. Most of the acinar cell nuclei were normal, but some of them were atypical in shape and distribution. Myoepithelial cells, serous demilunes and the basal region of the cells of the striated ducts expressed PS 100. In PG, 85% of the mononuclear infiltrates expressed T-cell markers, whereas in LG only 40% of these cells were T-cells. These findings, in addition to other histopathological parameters seen in previous studies, may be used as indicators for differential diagnosis with other gland pathologies.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Dual FISH analysis of benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands and paranasal sinuses.

To date, the underlying genomic changes in benign and malignant tumors of salivary-gland and paranasal-sinus origin are poorly understood. This is due in part to the low incidence of these tumors and the enormous histological variety of tumors within this head and neck region. We examined 58 of these tumors (14 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 9 adenocarcinomas, 5 cylindrical carcinomas, 11 pleomorphic adenomas, and 19 inverted papillomas) by dual fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere-specific probes on six chromosomes (3, 7, 9, 11, 17, and 18) for numerical changes. In adenoid cystic carcinomas, monosomy of chromosome 17 and polysomy of chromosomes 3, 9 and 11 were most frequently encountered. In adenocarcinomas, monosomy of chromosome 17 and polysomy of chromosomes 7 and 11 were most frequent. In cylindrical cell carcinomas, polysomy of chromosomes 7, 9, 11 and 17 was present in the majority of tumors. Disomy is rare, even in benign tumors. Polysomy is more frequent in malignant tumors than in benign. Tetrasomy is found almost only in malignant tumors. In summary, the occurrence of polysomy might reflect a step towards malignancy in tumors of the salivary glands and paranasal mucosa. Polysomy of chromosome 11 could be defined as typical for all investigated histological types of malignant tumor in this region of the head and neck.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnostic of the tumors and non-neoplastic lesions of salivary glands.

OBJECTIVES: Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has not been part of the basic algorithm of preoperative evaluation of tumors of the major salivary glands in the Czech Republic. Most opponents of salivary gland FNAB consider it unnecessary. This paper documents the utility of the punction aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of these lesions. METHODS: Between January 1998, and December 2003, 136 patients with clinically significant masses of the salivary glands were evaluated using FNAB. The parotid gland was involved in 68 patients, the submandibular gland in 58 patients and the region of the sublingual gland in 10 cases. In the retrospective analysis, the preoperative cytological findings were correlated with the postoperative histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: Histopathological evaluation revealed 107 benign lesions (79%), of which 68 were non-neoplastic, and 39 were benign neoplasms, and 19 malignant tumors (21%). The cytological specimens were found to be non-diagnostic in 15 (11%) cases, true-positive in 68 (50%), true-negative in 40 (29.4%), false-positive in 1 (0.73%) and false-negative in 12 (8.8%) cases in detecting tumors. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accurary aspiration cytology were 85.0%, 97.5% and 89.2%, respectively. We recorded complications in only one case (0.7%), a subcutaneous haematoma. CONCLUSION: Our results document the utility of the FNAB in the diagnosis of salivary gland masses. FNAB does not substitute other diagnostic methods or as an adjunct to sound clinical judgement. Together with the clinical and ultrasonographical evaluations it should belong to the basic algorithm of diagnosis in salivary gland lesions (Tab. 3, Ref. 18).

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗
PubMed2007

Apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of salivary gland tumors: prediction of the benignancy and malignancy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preoperative prediction of tumor malignancy is clinically very important, because this information strongly influences the surgical plan. We evaluate the preoperative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: High-resolution MR imaging was performed on 31 patients with benign or malignant salivary gland tumors; ADC maps of the tumors were also obtained. Surface coils of 47 or 110 mm diameter were used to improve the image resolution. The ADCs were compared with histologic features of the excised tumors. RESULTS: The ADC maps effectively depicted the histologic features of the salivary gland tumors, such as presence of cancer cells, myxomatous tissues, fibrosis, necrosis, cyst formation, and lymphoid tissues. The ADC maps showed that more frequent areas with high ADCs (> or = 1.8 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) were significantly greater in benign tumors than in malignant tumors. The sensitivity and specificity for high ADC occupying fewer than 5% of the area of a tumor was 89% and 100%, respectively, resulting in 97% accuracy, 100% positive predictive value, and 96% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: The ADC may provide preoperative tissue characterization of the salivary gland tumors.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Salivary gland cysts of the oral cavity: clinical observation and surgical management.

Mucoceles are common cystic lesions of the oral mucosa. Extravasation mucoceles are mainly found in the lower lip of young patients, whereas retention mucoceles are usually located in the cheek or palate of older patients. The disparate site and age incidences of extravasation and retention mucoceles suggest that these two types are not related and have different pathogenesis. Treatment modalities for mucoceles are reviewed, with special attention to the cryosurgical technique for the treatment of oral ranulas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Value of echography in salivary pathology].

Major advances in echography techniques over the past few years include the development of simple high performance units adapted to investigating the salivary glands. This non-traumatic, painless and inexpensive technique offers a means of rapid examination and is fully complementary to X-ray and xero and sialographic imagery, particularly in tumor pathology. The author gives a review of normal images then presents different lesions of the salivary gland.

Humans↗