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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Posttraumatic sesamoid arthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.

The articular interface between the radial sesamoid and the radial condyle of the metacarpal head, which is the radial subsesamoid joint, is the most frequently involved area of abnormality in the metacarpophalangeal joint complex. More than 85% of all adult cadavers demonstrate degenerative arthritis of the radial subsesamoid joint. Confusing this condition with degenerative arthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joint may lead to unnecessary joint fusions. The predisposition of the radial subsesamoid to degenerative arthritis is related to the asymmetry of the palmar condyles of the metacarpal. The ulnar sesamoid has a flatter and broader condyle compared with the radial sesamoid, which rides on a high, narrow ridge. Thirty-six patients with symptomatic sesamoiditis have been treated by sesamoidectomy since 1978. Twenty-one of these patients were available for follow-up examination between 1 and 5 years after surgery, and 19 had relief of proximal thumb pain after sesamoidectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Chronic sesamoiditis of the thumb: pathomechanics and treatment.

Entrapment of the sesamoids within the metacarpophalangeal joint can result in irreducible dislocations; however, dysfunction from trauma-induced, chronic sesamoiditis is unfamiliar. Twenty-five patients with intractable posttraumatic pain of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb are reported. The mechanisms of the palmar plate injury included hyperextension, direct compression, shear forces, and lateral stress. Sesamoidectomy achieved good results in 80% of patients as evidenced by return to preinjury activities. Residual joint stiffness was present in 20% of patients, and 8% had significant residual pain. Traumatic microtears appear to produce pathologic findings in the perisesamoid tendon and/or sesamoid-metacarpal articulation.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2003

Comminuted fracture of the ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb: an uncommon injury.

Fracture of the ulnar sesamoid of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb is rare. Injury may be caused as a result of hyperextension or, less frequently, direct trauma. A sesamoid may be incompletely ossified, making it difficult to diagnose the fracture on radiographs. Early recognition of this entity leads to appropriate management. The case of a 26-year-old man who sustained a hyperextension injury of the thumb is presented. Radiographs demonstrated a fracture of the ulnar sesamoid of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint. The literature regarding this uncommon injury is discussed.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1989

Diagnosis and treatment of the navicular syndrome in horses.

Navicular syndrome can be treated in a variety of ways. This is related to the fact that it has a variety of causes. Prognostically, most horses will improve with treatment. One can expect about 50 per cent of the horses to become useably sound for 1 year, no matter what treatment is used. The disease is progressive, and affected horses eventually will need to be retired because of lameness. The author's therapeutic approach is to utilize shoeing as the primary therapy. Shoeing is performed to correct structural problems and to ensure that shoeing is physiologically sound. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not used unless radical changes have been made in the shoeing. In cases of confirmed distal interphalangeal joint synovitis, either sodium hyaluronate or polysulfated glycosaminoglycans will be used in conjunction with shoeing. In cases where decreased circulation is documented, isoxsuprine hydrochloride will be administered if shoeing alone has not improved the horse within 6 weeks. If therapy does not improve the horse within 6 to 12 weeks, palmar digital neurectomy is recommended.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Arthroscopic medial bipartite sesamoidectomy of the great toe.

This is the first report of a successful first metatarsophalangeal joint medial bipartite sesamoidectomy using great toe arthroscopy. The surgical trauma associated with open operative sesamoidectomy can be minimized using minimally invasive techniques under arthroscopic control. The authors describe the surgical principles and discuss the advantages compared with traditional surgery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of proximal articular set angle-correcting osteotomies on the hallucal sesamoid apparatus: a cadaveric and radiographic investigation.

A cadaveric and radiographic study was undertaken to demonstrate the change in intersesamoidal crista architecture after an osteotomy that corrects the proximal articular set angle (PASA). Three cadaveric first metatarsals with hallux valgus deformity were utilized. Separate Kirschner wires representing the longitudinal axis bisection, PASA, and the long axis of the crista were placed into each specimen. After osteotomy, the metatarsal heads were translated laterally, rotated parallel to the transverse plane to correct PASA, and impacted. The relationship between the crista and the long axis of the metatarsal was determined. A deviation in the alignment between the intersesamoidal crista and the long axis of the metatarsal following the osteotomy was observed. The radiographic portion of this study correlated intermetatarsal angle, PASA, and tibial sesamoid position with intersesamoidal crista appearance on sesamoidal axial radiographs. Radiographic parameters in 19 patients (34 feet) were compared and two distinct patterns were evident: 1) A proximal articular set angle greater than 15 degrees was associated with complete crista erosion in 10 feet (91% of this subgroup); 2) a tibial sesamoid position greater than three was associated with partial or complete erosion in 17 feet (100% of this subgroup). A higher deviation of PASA and increased displacement of the sesamoidal apparatus correlated with crista erosion. These findings suggest that the crista fails to adapt with PASA as hallux valgus progresses and undergoes erosion instead. This study suggests that when correcting the PASA, misalignment of the sesamoid apparatus may lead to sub-first metatarsal arthrosis.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Avascular necrosis of the hallucial sesamoids.

The authors present a literature review and systematic approach to the diagnosis and treatment of avascular necrosis of the sesamoids of the flexor hallucis brevis tendon. Renander, in 1924, was one of the earliest authors to call attention to this condition. Since that time, many other authors have written about this entity, some even questioning its existence. Many different treatment regimes have been postulated, encompassing both the conservative and surgical modalities. Most literature advocates attempted conservative treatment followed by surgical excision, only if conservative methods fail.

Foot Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.

Traumatic dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is a rare clinical finding. Ability to reduce the dislocation by nonoperative measures depends largely on the type of dislocation and involvement of the sesamoid complex. A brief description of the incidence, anatomy, and pathomechanics of dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint is given. A report of a 33-year-old female with complete dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and anatomically preserved sesamoid complex is provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Pubertal spurts in cranial base and mandible. Comparisons within individuals.

Serial data from cephalometric radiographs were analyzed for 34 boys and 33 girls who had cephalometric radiographs annually near each birthday from at least age 7 through 18 years. Spurts were defined for this study as increases between successive cranial base increments that exceeded 0.75mm/year in boys or 0.5mm/year in girls. The corresponding criterion for the mandible was 1.0mm/year in either sex. Pubescence was defined as the 4- year period spanning 2 years before and after peak height velocity. Spurts during pubescence were common, tending to occur about 1.6yr earlier in girls than boys. The mean increments at first pubertal spurt (FPS) and the mean sizes of FPS were about 25% to 33% greater in the boys than in the girls. The rate of growth during the year before FPS tended to be greater in the girls, while in the year after FPS it tended to be greater in the boys. The timing of FPS in either cranial base of mandible was not closely related to the onset of ossification in the ulnar sesamoid, the age at peak height velocity, or age at menarche. FPS generally occurred after the onset of ossification of the ulnar sesamoid, but before peak height velocity and menarche. There was no evidence of difference between craniofacial EPS in children who passed rapidly or slowly through pubescence, nor was any difference noted between the size of pubertal spurts in tall or short boys. larger total increments after peak height velocity were found in the short boys. Significant correlations were identified between the cranial base and the mandible in the timing but not in the magnitude of FPS. The children were approximately equally divided between those in whom cranial base spurts occurred first, those in whom mandibular spurts were first, and those in whom FPS occurred in both areas within the same annual interval.

Adolescent↗