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PubMed1989

Interlibrary loan management with microcomputers: a descriptive comparison of software.

The use of microcomputers to manage interlibrary loan processing and record keeping is examined. Once the decision is made to automate, criteria for product evaluation needs to be established. Various software options are discussed which range from using dedicated interlibrary loan management software to the development of database management programs which require original template design. Descriptive profiles and sample input screens of a number of software packages are presented.

Decision Making↗

PubMed2004

Evaluation of a deidentification (De-Id) software engine to share pathology reports and clinical documents for research.

We evaluated a comprehensive deidentification engine at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, that uses a complex set of rules, dictionaries, pattern-matching algorithms, and the Unified Medical Language System to identify and replace identifying text in clinical reports while preserving medical information for sharing in research. In our initial data set of 967 surgical pathology reports, the software did not suppress outside (103), UPMC (47), and non-UPMC (56) accession numbers; dates (7); names (9) or initials (25) of case pathologists; or hospital or laboratory names (46). In 150 reports, some clinical information was suppressed inadvertently (overmarking). The engine retained eponymic patient names, eg, Barrett and Gleason. In the second evaluation (1,000 reports), the software did not suppress outside (90) or UPMC (6) accession numbers or names (4) or initials (2) of case pathologists. In the third evaluation, the software removed names of patients, hospitals (297/300), pathologists (297/300), transcriptionists, residents and physicians, dates of procedures, and accession numbers (298/300). By the end of the evaluation, the system was reliably and specifically removing safe-harbor identifiers and producing highly readable deidentified text without removing important clinical information. Collaboration between pathology domain experts and system developers and continuous quality assurance are needed to optimize ongoing deidentification processes.

Confidentiality↗

PubMed1990

[Mental health in software engineers. II. Classification of occupational stressors, and relationship between occupational stressors and psychiatric disorders].

Occupational stressors and psychiatric disorders were studied in a sample of 101 male software engineers. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on DSM-III (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition). The results can be summarized as follows: 1) More than 30% of the subjects were not satisfied with their work. 2) Occupational stressors ascertained in the interview could be classified into "quantity of job," "quality of job," "role in organization," "relations with others," "work conditions," "career development," "reward," "organizational structure and climate," "low social support," and "lack of decision making." "quality of job" (35%), "quantity of job" (30%), and "role in organization" (33%) were the most common stressors for the subjects. 3) Among the occupational stressors, only "quantity of job" was significantly related to psychiatric disorders (p less than 0.05). The results suggest that many software engineers are not satisfied with their work and that "quantity of job" has the greatest influence on their mental health. Some measures should be taken to avoid potential health hazards, for the research findings indicate a relationship between occupational stressors and mental health in software engineers.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Stressor and stress reduction strategies for computer software engineers].

First, in this article we discuss 10 significant occupational stressors for computer software engineers, based on the review of the scientific literature on their stress and mental health. The stressors include 1) quantitative work overload, 2) time pressure, 3) qualitative work load, 4) speed and diffusion of technological innovation, and technological divergence, 5) low discretional power, 6) underdeveloped career pattern, 7) low earnings/reward from jobs, 8) difficulties in managing a project team for software development and establishing support system, 9) difficulties in customer relations, and 10) personality characteristics. In addition, we delineate their working and organizational conditions that cause such occupational stressors in order to find strategies to reduce those stressors in their workplaces. Finally, we suggest three stressor and stress reduction strategies for software engineers.

Humans↗

PubMed2003

[Software program to systematize data for planning public health actions].

OBJECTIVE: To describe and evaluate a software program to provide basic health care teams with primary health services data. METHODS: It was described the PACOTAPS (software program for primary health care), developed using Visual Basic 5.0, and secondary data and outpatient care demand modules were tested in a basic health care unit in Pelotas, Brazil. Age/gender structure of the reference population was obtained from secondary data. Outpatient care demand allowed the characterization of all 4,170 visits carried out in a month by analyzing Outpatient Care Files. RESULTS: Age and gender distribution as well as main diagnoses and referrals were identified for all patients seen at the health care unit. In addition, there were detected differences among the health care centers due to either different organization and care models or as a result of different actual needs of improvement in patient register systems. CONCLUSIONS: PACOTAPS, a user-friendly software program, can contribute to health care unit management evaluation within the national Unified Health System (SUS). The availability of an electronic tool combining resources allows decision making in healthcare facilities, and even at municipal health policy level, to be based on more adequate and effective data.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

EPIZOO: a computer software package of methods for animal population health analysis and programming.

An animal population health and disease software package entitled 'EPIZOO' has been developed. This computer program comprises an integral and complex system of selected indicators contained in ten modules and over one hundred sub-programs, with approximately two hundred methods for use in problem solving, training and simulation. This fully user-friendly software is applicable to any animal disease, and makes analysis and programming easier and quicker. The software includes general methods for use in a number of fields: animal population health and disease situation (structure, dynamics, diagnosis, analysis and consequences) animal population characteristics of epizootiological importance animal health programme preparation, cost calculation and evaluation selected sampling other statistical procedures. EPIZOO is a relatively simple tool for field and management veterinarians, as well as veterinary students.

Animal Diseases↗

PubMed2005

Software for quantification of labeled bacteria from digital microscope images by automated image analysis.

Automated image analysis software, CellC, was developed and validated for quantification of bacterial cells from digital microscope images. CellC enables automated enumeration of bacterial cells, comparison of total count and specific count images [e.g., 4',6-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) images], and provides quantitative estimates of cell morphology. The software includes an intuitive graphical user interface that enables easy usage as well as sequential analysis of multiple images without user intervention. Validation of enumeration reveals correlation to be better than 0.98 when total bacterial counts by CellC are compared with manual enumeration, with all validated image types. The software is freely available and modifiable: the executable files and MATLAB source codes can be obtained at www. cs. tut.fi/sgn/csb/cellc.

Bioreactors↗

PubMed2002

Loader Lite: a new software tool for the ABI PRISM 3700 DNA sequencer.

Here we describe the development of a novel software tool entitled Loader Lite that generates plate records or sample sheetsfor the ABI PRISMs 3700 DNA sequencer. The major advantage of this program is that it enables the ongoing operation of sequencing instruments without reference to external network(s). The autonomous operation of sequencing instruments is critical if sample throughput is to be maintained during periods of network outage. Loader Lite employs a deliberate strategy of inputting anonymous tray barcodes at run time. After sequencing, the barcodes are reconciled with relevant project details by reference to a database. This software takes advantage of barcode scanning technology by creating plate records directly on the local computer, serving an individual sequencer, immediately before importing and linking. This real-time synthesis of the plate records at the point of loading all but eliminates loading errors. Loader Lite is user-friendly, fully configurable, and permits the running of partial or full 384-well sample trays, using any standard combinations of run modules, dye sets, mobility files, analysis modules, etc. The 96-well format is not supported; however, this capability will appear in subsequent versions that are currently under development. This application is designed as an added value, adjunct program to the regular ABI PRISM 3700 Data Collection software. We have successfully used Loader Lite over the past six months to load approximately 7 million sequencing reactions and believe its utility and functionality will prove to be attractive to the wider sequencing community.

Sequence Analysis, DNA↗

PubMed2006

A standard interface between simulation programs and systems analysis software.

A simple interface between simulation programs and systems analytical software is proposed. This interface is designed to facilitate linkage of environmental simulation programs with systems analytical software and thus can contribute to remedying the deficiency in applying systems analytical techniques to environmental modelling studies. The proposed concept, consisting of a text file interface combined with a batch mode simulation program call, is independent of model structure, operating system and programming language. It is open for implementation by academic and commercial simulation and systems analytical software developers and is very simple to implement. Its practicability is demonstrated by implementations for three environmental simulation packages (AQUASIM, SWAT and LEACHM) and two systems analytical program packages (UNCSIM, SUFI). The properties listed above and the demonstration of the ease of implementation of the approach are prerequisites for the stimulation of a widespread implementation of the proposed interface that would be beneficial for the dissemination of systems analytical techniques in the environmental and engineering sciences. Furthermore, such a development could stimulate the transfer of systems analytical techniques between different fields of application.

Environment↗

PubMed1990

Computerized literature reference system: use of an optical scanner and optical character recognition software.

A computerized reference system for radiology journal articles was developed by using an IBM-compatible personal computer with a hand-held optical scanner and optical character recognition software. This allows direct entry of scanned text from printed material into word processing or data-base files. Additionally, line diagrams and photographs of radiographs can be incorporated into these files. A text search and retrieval software program enables rapid searching for keywords in scanned documents. The hand scanner and software programs are commercially available, relatively inexpensive, and easily used. This permits construction of a personalized radiology literature file of readily accessible text and images requiring minimal typing or keystroke entry.

Electronic Data Processing↗

PubMed1998

Brief communication: a software solution for reducing startle eyeblink responses.

We examined the viability of a software-based spectral method for reducing acoustic startle eyeblink responses. Fifteen young adults were presented with a 95 dB burst of white noise for 50 ms while they viewed slides that varied in affective valence. The startle EMG responses were analyzed using a discrete Fourier transform software-based spectral method. A significant linear trend was found between slide valence and startle amplitude, replicating previous work. Subjects' startle responses became more augmented as the content of the slides became more unpleasant. The advantages of software-based solutions for reducing startle EMG responses are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Nutrient requirements for dairy cattle of the National Research Council versus some commonly used ration software.

The first edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle was published by the National Research Council (NRC) in 1945. The current document is the sixth revised edition, published in 1989, and it appears that we are a few years from another edition being in print. Software designed to evaluate and formulate rations for dairy cattle commonly determine nutrient requirements using the NRC as a standard. However, the generation of new knowledge in dairy nutrition occurs more rapidly than the release of the NRC publication, and the developers of the software often modify the requirements based on more recently published research, geographical peculiarities, or factors not explicitly considered by NRC. The first step in evaluating or formulating rations is the prediction of dry matter intake (DMI). The primary variables used by NRC to predict DMI are body weight (BW) and fat-corrected milk (FCM) yield; however, developers of software programs often use different equations based on personal preference, availability of research data with given equations, and incorporation of other factors in addition to BW and FCM yield. The additional factors are included to provide a more dynamic estimation of DMI and, therefore, reduce the difference between predicted and actual DMI. Nutrients required for maintenance, lactation, and growth must be consumed in adequate quantities (e.g., kilograms or calories), but the dietary concentration of nutrients for a given animal group may differ because of DMI. Even when nutrients are fed above the requirements, dietary concentrations of nutrients may be important in some situations to minimize the risk of underfeeding caused by variability in the nutrient composition of feedstuffs and to account for interactions of certain nutrients (e.g., minerals). New research discoveries need to be incorporated into ration formulation strategies promptly, and the strategies used for ration formulation need to be dynamic.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pulse shape analysis of RBC micropore flow via new software for the cell transit analyser (CTA).

The Cell Transit Analyser (CTA) provides a means to rapidly measure the deformability of large numbers of individual cells. It combines many of the advantages of micropipette studies with the simplicity and speed of filtrometry methods by measuring the duration of each resistive pulse generated as a cell passes through one of 30 identical micropores in a membrane. However, in our opinion, the potential of the system is limited by the microcomputer and software supplied for data analysis. We have therefore written new software for a more-powerful microcomputer to examine the shape of each resistive pulse rather than just the duration. Seven new parameters are derived, which provide additional information regarding the passage of cells through the pores. In particular, the contribution of the entry and exit phases of the cell transit are evident in the rise time and fall time of the pulses. The software is user-friendly and allows the analysis of each pulse to be reviewed, which aids understanding of the system and helps to avoid errors in interpreting the data.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Practical application of predictive microbiology software programs to HACCP plans.

We studied how predictive microbiology models could practically be applied to HACCP plans with two predictive software programs that are currently available. The software programs were the Food Micromodel elaborated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food, U.K. and the Pathogen Modeling Program of Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture. They successfully provided useful information on (i) the determination of Critical Control Points (CCPs), (ii) the estimation of critical limits at CCPs, (iii) the decision of abused products, (iv) the assessment of equivalence of HACCP plans, and further (v) the development of new products. With the information simulated by the software programs, HACCP teams could make scientific and objective decisions for developing their individual plans. It was also confirmed that microbiological process standards for food processing are indispensable for the application of the predictive programs to HACCP plans.

Food Microbiology↗

PubMed2006

Anagram software for cognitive research that enables specification of psycholinguistic variables.

Anagram tasks are frequently used in cognitive research, and the generation of new scrambled letter combinations is a task well suited to a software solution. Most available programs, however, do not allow experimenters to generate new anagrams flexibly or to characterize existing anagrams using psycholinguistic criteria. They also do not provide detailed information on their source dictionaries. We present anagram software that interfaces with CELEX2, an internationallyrecognized psycholinguistic database. This software allows users to capitalize on lexical variables and thus enables direct control of psycholinguistic features that may influence the cognitive processes involved in anagram solution.

Cognition↗

PubMed2002

Idiogrid: software for the management and analysis of repertory grids.

Idiogrid is a computer program for analyzing repertory grids in both research and applied settings. With this software, which runs under the Windows operating system, grids of virtually any size can be managed and analyzed. Grids can be transformed, manipulated, merged, and subjected to a host of statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, principal components analysis, grid comparison techniques, and coordinate grid analysis are all available in the software. A number of indices commonly applied to repertory grids are also computed by Idiogrid, such as measures of ordination, cognitive complexity, and intensity. Text output as well as high-resolution graphics are produced by the software, and grids themselves can be exported to other statistical programs for further analysis.

Humans↗

PubMed2000

The Observer Video-Pro: new software for the collection, management, and presentation of time-structured data from videotapes and digital media files.

The Observer Video-Pro is a system for collecting, managing, analyzing, and presenting observational data. It integrates The Observer software with time code and multimedia hardware components. It extends the functionality of a conventional real-time event recording program in various ways. Observational data can be collected, reviewed, and edited with synchronized display of the corresponding video images. For optimal visual feedback during coding, one can display the video image in a window on the computer screen. Video playback from either a VCR or a digital media file can be controlled by the computer, allowing software-controlled jog, shuttle, and search functions. Besides a wide range of VCRs, The Observer Video-Pro supports all major digital video file formats. The software allows the user to summarize research findings in numerical, graphical, or multimedia format. One can create a time--event plot for a quick glance at the temporal structure of the observed process, or run specific analysis procedures and generate reports with statistics. An Event Summary function is available for exploratory and qualitative analysis. Video material can be summarized in a Video Play List, which allows on-screen summary presentations or the creation of highlight compilations on tape, CD, or other media. Video images can be captured and saved as disk files, for use as illustrations in documents, slides for presentations, and so forth. In this paper we describe the design and operation of the system, illustrated with a case study from research on Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI).

Electronic Data Processing↗

PubMed2004

Contour-based object identification and segmentation: stimuli, norms and data, and software tools.

We summarize five studies of our large-scale research program, in which we examined aspects of contour-based object identification and segmentation, and we report on the stimuli we used, the norms and data we collected, and the software tools we developed. The stimuli were outlines derived from the standard set of line drawings of everyday objects by Snodgrass and Vanderwart (1980). We used contour curvature as a major variable in all the studies. The total number of 1,500 participants produced very solid, normative identification rates of silhouettes and contours, straight-line versions, and fragmented versions, and quite reliable benchmark data about saliency of points and object segmentation into parts. We also developed several software tools to generate stimuli and to analyze the data in nonstandard ways. Our stimuli, norms and data, and software tools have great potential for further exploration of factors influencing contour-based object identification, and are also useful for researchers in many different disciplines (including computer vision) on a wide variety of research topics (e.g., priming, agnosia, perceptual organization, and picture naming). The full set of norms, data, and stimuli may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive/.

Adolescent↗