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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Studies in tooth crown temperature gradients with the use of infrared thermography.

With the use of an infrared thermographic camera; temperature patterns over the crowns of teeth were recorded. The temperature of upper incisor teeth decreased from gingival margin to incisal edge by approximately 2.5 degrees C. Vital and nonvital teeth were the same temperature at rest, but after cooling with cold air, nonvital teeth were slower to rewarm than vital teeth. The infrared thermographic camera could provide a method of testing tooth vitality based on blood supply rather than nerve supply.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1989

Infrared thermography in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

A highly sensitive infrared thermographic camera was evaluated in a variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions associated with the head and neck. Although it may have clinical applications, particularly in the field of facial pain and the temporomandibular joint, such wide variations in normal values were noted that any standardization was extremely difficult.

Face↗
PubMed1986

Heat loss of farmed raccoon dogs and blue foxes as evaluated by infrared thermography and body cooling.

Infrared thermographs showed that heat loss of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray 1834) is greatest from the chest, the head, the abdomen and the feet. The blue fox (Alopex lagopus) seems to be somewhat better insulated. Mass-0.75 specific heat transfer coefficients (W/kg 0.75 per degrees C) in both species were similar. The wooden nest was able to decrease it significantly. The results support the conclusion that heat loss, and thus the energy costs, of studied species could be reduced by providing them with either a winter nest or a rest-shelf in the cage.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Sympathetic vasomotor changes induced by manual and electrical acupuncture of the Hoku point visualized by thermography.

Considerable evidence implicates sympathetic neural activity in acupuncture analgesia. However, the exact nature of these effects has not been specified in detail, and many experimental findings are contradictory. This study evaluated in normal conditions the specific sympathetic effects of both manual and electrical acupuncture applied to the same hand (Hoku) point. Thermographic measures of superficial skin temperature were used to assess sympathetic vasomotor tone in the face, hand and foot of 19 normal subjects. Baseline assessment, manual acupuncture and electrical acupuncture were performed in 3 separate sessions in a well controlled, 23 degrees C environment. Superficial skin temperature decreased slowly in the control condition. Both manual and electrical acupuncture produced a generalized long-lasting warming effect, indicating reduced sympathetic activity (sympatholytic effect). In addition, electrical acupuncture induced a localized short-term cooling effect, indicating a transient segmental increase in sympathetic activity (sympathomimetic effect).

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1992

An evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of medical thermography for the documentation of myofascial trigger points.

This investigation evaluated the diagnostic value of medical thermology for the documentation of myofascial trigger points. Previous investigators have suggested that circumscribed 'hot spots' reflect the thermal activity of trigger points. A total of 365 patients participated in the four separate experiments. Upper back trigger points were isolated via palpation. A separate thermographic examination, specific to that experiment, was conducted by a technologist who was blind to the presence or absence of trigger points. The first experiment examined the Swerdlow-Dieter protocol. Fifty percent of the subjects with trigger points demonstrated hot spots. Over 60% of patients without trigger points exhibited hot spots. Chi-square analysis determined that there was no significant difference between these two groups. The majority of hot spots were unrelated to trigger point location. The second experiment evaluated the protocol suggested by Fisher. Hot spots were evident in the majority of subjects, regardless of whether they possessed trigger points. The third experiment investigated hot spot persistence by adapting the Weinstein-Weinstein alcohol spray protocol. Chi-square analysis found no significant difference between the effect which spray had on the hot spots of patients with or without trigger points. Following a post-spray machine adjustment, the majority of pre-spray hot spots could be reproduced. The final experiment used a pressure threshold meter (PTM) to evaluate the number of kilograms pressure a patient's hot spot could comfortably sustain in comparison to the opposite location on the back. Using the t test, no significant difference was found between the kilograms pressure withstood by hot spot and non-hot spot regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed2005

A practical approach to thermography in a hyperthermia/magnetic resonance hybrid system: validation in a heterogeneous phantom.

PURPOSE: This study investigates the feasibility and accuracy of noninvasive magnetic resonance (MR) monitoring for a system that includes a multiantenna applicator for part-body hyperthermia (SIGMA-Eye applicator, BSD-2000/3D) and a 1.5 Tesla MR tomograph (Siemens Magnetom Symphony). METHODS: A careful electrical decoupling enabled simultaneous operation of both systems, the hyperthermia system (100 MHz, up to 1600 W) and the MR tomograph (63.9 MHz). We used the phase data sets of a gradient echo sequence (long echo time TE = 20 ms) according to the proton frequency shift (PFS) method to determine MR temperature changes. Data postprocessing and visualization was conducted in the software platform AMIRA-HyperPlan. Heating was evaluated in an elliptical Lucite cylinder of 50 cm length filled with tissue-equivalent agarose and a skeleton made from low-dielectric material to simulate the heterogeneity of a real patient. Multiple catheters were included longitudinally for direct thermometry (using Bowman high-impedance thermistors). The phantom was positioned in the 24-antenna applicator SIGMA-Eye employing the integrated water bolus (filled with deionized water) both for coupling the radiated power into the lossy medium and to enable a correction procedure based on direct temperature measurements. RESULTS: In eight phantom experiments we monitored the heating in the applicator not only by repetitive acquisition of three-dimensional MR datasets, but also by measuring temperature-time curves directly at selected spatial positions. For the correction, we specified regions in the bolus. Direct bolus temperatures at fixed positions were taken to aim at best possible agreement between MR temperatures and these direct temperature-time curves. Then we compared additional direct temperature-position scans (thermal maps) for each experiment with the MR temperatures along these probes, which agreed satisfactorily (averaged accuracy of +/- 0.4-0.5 degrees C). The deviations decreased with decreasing observation time, temperature increase, and thermal load to the surroundings (corresponding to bolus heating)-estimating a resolution of, at best, +/- 0.2-0.3 degrees C. The acquired MR temperature distributions give also insight into limitations and control possibilities of regional hyperthermia (annular phased array technology) for various tumor sites. CONCLUSIONS: On-line MR monitoring of regional hyperthermia by using the PFS method is feasible in a phantom setup and can be further developed for clinical applications.

Feasibility Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plantar infrared thermography measurements and low back pain intensity.

OBJECTIVE: To study the skin temperature disorders in low back pain (LBP) patients compared with reference persons without LBP and to evaluate the relationship between pain intensity and other clinical signs and temperature abnormalities. METHODS: Sixty-five patients with unilateral chronic LBP with or without referred nonradicular leg pain (29 men and 36 women; age range, 30-51 years) and 20 reference persons without LBP (7 men and 13 women; age range, 30-49 years) participated in this study. The pain level was recorded by the use of a visual analog scale (0-100). Questionnaires and a series of spinal mobility tests (the modified Schober, straight leg-raising test, finger-floor distance, side bending) were used. Thermographic images of the low back area and legs (anterior, lateral, and posterior surfaces and the plantar surfaces of feet) were taken with an infrared video camera. RESULTS: The temperature changes in the plantar surface correlated with LBP intensity. The pain levels differed in the groups with the different types of temperature changes. There were significant lower extremity regional skin temperature alterations (at least 1 regional interside difference more than 0.3 degrees C) in most cases both in LBP patients and in reference persons, but plantar interside temperature difference was significantly higher in LBP patients. CONCLUSION: Temperature changes of the plantar surface seem to be connected with LBP intensity. Temperature measurements may be useful as an adjunctive physiological test in the evaluation and documentation of autonomic dysfunction in LBP patients.

Adult↗