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Results for “Catheterization, Peripheral”

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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[Contact dermatitis caused by a peripheral intravenous catheter with metallic connector].

A case is reported of a 26-year-old woman who developed contact dermatitis due to a peripheral venous catheter. This catheter had a metal connector, made of nickel-brass. The patient had been admitted for uterine contractions and was to receive an infusion of salbutamol. Twelve hours after the catheter had been set up, she developed at the puncture site an acute inflammatory reaction, with oedema and bullae. She later admitted to having had a few "spots" when wearing a cheap metal bracelet. Skin tests with nickel (5% solution of nickel sulphate) confirmed the diagnosis. This case underlines the importance of looking for an allergic history in patients.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of peripheral i.v. infusion on neonatal axillary temperature measurement.

UNLABELLED: To determine whether axillary temperature in an arm with a peripheral IV infusion (PIVI) is significantly different than in the arm without a PIVI in neonates. METHOD: Twenty-nine neonates ranging in Dubowitz gestational age from 27-42 weeks were selected from Level II and III nurseries. Each had a PIVI in place in an upper extremity. Right axillary, left axillary, and rectal temperatures were taken simultaneously. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between left and right axillary temperatures using a t-test. CONCLUSION: Either axilla may be used for temperature measurement regardless of PIVI placement.

Axilla↗

PubMed2005

[Peripheral venous catheters: incidence of phlebitis and its determining factors].

To determine the rate of phlebitis cases and their risk factors, the authors carried out a prospective follow-up study in an internal medicine unit. 553 catheters pertaining to 266 patients were analyzed. The length of time a catheter was used did not have any significant bearing on the development of phlebitis. The rate of phlebitis cases was more frequent when medication was infused at intermittent intervals. The use of intravenous antibiotics significantly increased the risk of phlebitis when compared to the administration of other types of medication.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Microbiological analysis of blood culture obtained from children hospitalized at the Gastroenterology, Oncology and Daily Chemotherapy Wards of the Children's Memorial Health Institute in the years 1999-2002].

The aim of the study was to examine correlations between the use of different kinds of intravascular catheters and the type of microorganisms isolated from blood cultures. Blood samples obtained from gastroenterology, oncology and daily chemotherapy wards were examined. The samples were taken from catheter and peripheral blood in situations where blood infection was suspected. In positive blood samples Gram-positive bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci, were dominant. Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella sp., E. coli, Enterobacter sp.) were the most often isolated among Gram-negative bacteria. The share of Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacilli and fungi was greater in the case of samples taken from catheters. The domination of CNS is frequently connected with catheter colonisation or contamination of samples. Intravascular catheters predispose to Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative rods and fungal infections.

Bacteremia↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Peripherally inserted central catheters. Guidewire versus nonguidewire use: a comparative study.

To date, no research articles have been published that explore the practice of using guidewires for placement of peripherally inserted central catheters. The literature contains speculations regarding the pros and cons of guidewire use. However, no studies to date have compared patient outcomes when peripherally inserted central catheter lines are inserted with and without guidewires. To examine the use of guidewires for peripherally inserted central lines, a comparative study was conducted at two acute care facilities, one using guidewires for insertion and one inserting peripherally inserted central catheter lines without guidewires. 109 catheters were studied between January 1, 1990 and January 1, 1991. The primary focus of this study was to examine whether guidewire use places patients at higher risk for catheter-related complications, particularly phlebitis. No significant differences in phlebitis rates between the two study sites were found. Other catheter-related and noncatheter-related complications were similar between the two facilities. The results of this study do not support the belief that guidewire use increases complication rates.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hickman lines inserted and managed by a general surgical team: longevity and complications.

Long-term venous access lines are commonplace in the management of patients requiring continuous intravenous chemotherapy, intravenous nutrition or simply as a means of avoiding repeated peripheral access lines in patients with difficult venous access. The insertion and maintenance of these lines is not without major complication. Four years' experience with the Hickman catheter in a general surgical oncology setting are reviewed. Thirty-seven lines were inserted in 37 patients with a mean longevity of 107 days (range 2-322) and an overall complication rate of 1.25 per 1000 catheter days. Four catheters were removed prematurely due to late complications. These figures compare favourably with results for long-term venous access from larger specialist units.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo evaluation of the Hydrolyser hydrodynamic thrombectomy catheter.

PURPOSE: The authors evaluated a 7-F double-lumen thrombectomy catheter (Hydrolyser) in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate efficacy, thrombectomy was performed 1, 4, or 8 days after local denudation in peripheral arteries (n = 18) and veins (n = 29) of nine goats. To evaluate safety, the reaction of the vessel wall to a functioning and nonfunctioning Hydrolyser catheter was evaluated in the peripheral arteries and veins of three goats 10 days after the procedure. RESULTS: Reopening was achieved in all vessels with residual thrombus in 11% of arteries (two of 18) and 55% of veins (16 of 29). Slight intimal thickening was observed, but no difference was seen between the passage of a functioning versus nonfunctioning catheter. CONCLUSIONS: The Hydrolyser device can remove intravascular thrombus up to 8 days after induction. There was no difference in vessel wall reaction after the passage of a functioning and nonfunctioning catheter.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Peripheral stent recovery after failed intracoronary delivery.

The Palmaz-Schatz stent can be successfully deployed in most patients. However, in a small percentage of instances a systemic embolism of the stent has been reported. In the present article we describe an easy and fast method of stent capture when detachment from the balloon has happened (pulling back the stent-loaded balloon into the guiding catheter or femoral sheath). In this situation we propose the use of the coronary guide-wire "as a guide" to capture coaxially the lost stent. This method allows for continuing the procedure without removal of the femoral sheath.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A descriptive survey of the different management practices for peripheral IV catheters among Greek, Jordanian, and Australian teaching hospitals.

Peripheral IV catheters (PIVCs) are commonly placed in hospital patients. However, there is a lack of evidence on which to base this practice. The aim of this study was to assess current knowledge and practice for this procedure in 3 different cultures. The study collected information from a postal questionnaire sent to physicians and nurses in teaching hospitals in Greece, Jordan, and Australia. The results gathered from the questionnaire depict a number of misconceptions with regard to the management of PIVCs in the 3 healthcare organizations selected for the study.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experience with PICC at a university medical center.

A retrospective evaluation of the use of the peripherally inserted central catheters that were inserted by a small, credentialed nursing staff to provide ongoing venous access in the general adult and pediatric patient population at the University of Rochester Medical Center in Rochester, New York. Between 1993 and 1995, 602 catheters were inserted in 775 suitable patients. Correct catheter tip placement in the superior vena cava was achieved in 95% of placements with a catheter dwell time ranging from less than 1 day to 353 days (average, 24 days). Strict adherence to obtaining and monitoring quality assurance kept catheter complications to a minimum.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Assessment of medial thinning in atherosclerosis by intravascular ultrasound.

This study investigated the in vitro (40 MHz) and in vivo (30 MHz) feasibility of intravascular ultrasound to document the influence of atherosclerotic lesions on the typical 3-layered appearance of muscular arteries. The in vitro images of 39 arteries were compared with the corresponding histologic sections. Media and lesion thickness were measured at the areas of minimal and maximal lesion thickness. The median media thickness was 0.8 mm in the absence of a lesion, decreasing to 0.3 mm in the area of maximal atherosclerosis. The ultrasonic data correlated closely with histologic measurements (0.6 and 0.3 mm, respectively). The in vivo study was performed in 29 patients undergoing coronary or peripheral vascular procedures. A total of 150 still-frames were selected for quantitative analysis. The median media thickness was 0.6 mm in the absence of a lesion, decreasing to 0.1 mm in the area with maximal atherosclerosis. This study revealed that intravascular ultrasound imaging accurately determines that media thickness of muscular arteries is inversely related to lesion thickness. In vitro data, verified with histology, can be translated to humans in vivo.

Arteries↗

PubMed1991

Infectious complications among patients receiving home intravenous therapy with peripheral, central, or peripherally placed central venous catheters.

Rates of bacteremia among hospitalized patients with central venous catheters range up to 21%. Few data exist for home intravenous therapy (IVT). We studied 300 patients from two hospital-based home IVT services in 29 months. Diagnoses included 92 cases of osteomyelitis, 33 of pneumonia, 35 of malnutrition, 26 of chronic pain, and 114 of other diseases. Peripheral IVT was given to 97 patients. Mean age was 39.4 years (range, 0.3-98). Hickman, Infuse-A-Port, Broviac, Arrow triple lumen, Hohn, and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) were used for a mean of 44 days. Six bacteremias (one death) (2%, 4.6/10,000 catheter days), two subclavian thromboses, 13 catheter site infections, and one additional death occurred. PICC experience included 76 patients, mean age 46 years (range, 4-76), primarily with infections, chronic pain, or dehydration. Mean duration of therapy was 24 days (0-67) and was completed in 51 patients; others completed therapy with standard peripheral catheters a mean of 6 days later. Complications included 17 obstructions by clot, 11 cases of phlebitis, six catheter fractures, five punctures, two accidental removals, and one infiltration. Liquid silicone repaired holes; urokinase opened clots. Successful completion of therapy was more common in the second year, 88% versus 57%. Despite more complications, patients, home IVT nurses, and physicians preferred PICCs. We conclude that home IVT is safe via many means of access, with fewer infections than with hospital care. Such infections may be termed "nosohusial."

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

A pilot study of protein sparing in healthy dogs using peripheral parenteral nutrition.

Total parenteral nutrition is the standard nutritional support of dogs when the enteral route is contraindicated, but it can be difficult because of cost, technical difficulties, and potential complications. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) may be a feasible option for short-term support in some cases. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of PPN on nitrogen balance (as an indicator of the effect on protein sparing), serum folate concentrations and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF - I) concentrations in fasting dogs. The effect of PPN on these parameters has not previously been reported in dogs. Using a cross-over design, three healthy adult fasting dogs were randomly assigned to three treatments: 5 per cent amino acid solution, 5 per cent glucose solution, and a control electrolyte solution. The solutions were administered into a peripheral vein at 60 ml kg(-1)per day for 4 days. The amino acid infusion resulted in a positive nitrogen balance and the glucose infusion produced less nitrogen loss than the control. Amino acid, but not glucose or electrolyte infusions, decreased serum folate concentrations. Amino acid and glucose infusions resulted in higher serum IGF -I concentrations than electrolyte infusions, although the differences were small and IGF -I decreased in all cases. In conclusion, these findings suggest that PPN increases nitrogen balance in healthy dogs undergoing short-term fasting.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed2004

Unintentional arterial puncture during cephalic vein cannulation: case report and anatomical study.

BACKGROUND: The cephalic antebrachial vein is often used for venous access. However, superficial radial arteries of the forearm are known and unintentional arterial puncture can result from attempts to cannulate the lateral veins of the arm. METHODS: Accidental puncture of a superficial radial artery during peripheral venous cannulation prompted us to study the anatomy of 26 specimens and to assess the relationship between the radial artery and the cephalic vein in the forearm. RESULTS: In two cases, we found accessory branches of the radial artery close to the cephalic forearm vein. Venous cannulation at the lateral wrist carries a small risk of arterial puncture if arterial anomalies are present. CONCLUSIONS: If venous cannulation is attempted at the radial side of the wrist, palpation for pulsation should reduce the danger of arterial puncture.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Management of the complications of long-term venous access.

The increasing use of permanent venous access devices and peripherally inserted central catheters has dramatically altered how we care for patients with a variety of illnesses. The development of complications either at the time of catheter insertion or with prolonged use may result in limited durability of the device, decreased cost-effectiveness, and significant patient morbidity or mortality. Our purpose is to review for the clinician the common complications associated with permanent venous access devices (PVADs) and peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs). Most PVAD complications occurring at the time of catheter insertion can be avoided by returning to the venous cut-down technique. The most common cause for PVAD removal before the completion of therapy is catheter-related infection, whereas mechanical device failures result in most premature removals of PICCs. Catheter-related subclavian and axillary vein thromboses are not benign but are associated with up to a 12% incidence of pulmonary embolism. Future prospective investigations are needed to identify techniques to prevent, or better manage, the major long-term complications of PVADs and PICCs.

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed1990

[Peripheral vein requirement-adjusted parenteral feeding: renaissance of maltose?].

A requirement-adapted peripheral-venous parenteral nutrition was developed by exchanging the conventional carbohydrates like glucose, etc., for disaccharide maltose in combination with a fat emulsion (650 mosm/l; 2,000 kcal). In a clinical randomised study, we compared this nutrition regimen with a common requirement-adapted parenteral nutrition regimen, which was applicated by central-venous catheter (2,000 mosm/l; 2,000 kcal). All results, including the results of tracer-investigations with the strable isotope 13C-leucine, showed no metabolic difference between these two nutrition regimens.

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed2006

The value of Gram staining of catheter segments for rapid detection of peripheral venous catheter infections.

Catheter-related bloodstream infections are common in hospitalized patients. Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are the most frequently used vascular access devices with usually low reported infection rates. We conducted a study to find the rate of PVC-related infections using semiquantitative (roll plate) and quantitative catheter culture techniques. We found significant growth in 9.5% of the PVCs by quantitative culture, which was predictive of a BSI in 43% of cases, which seems to be the major limitation of the method. We conclude that Gram stain is a fast and reliable diagnostic tool for rapid detection of PVC infection.

Bacteremia↗

PubMed1995

Intravascular hyperthermia: experimental study of transcatheter treatment.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: External hyperthermia has frequently been used to treat superficial malignant tumors. We postulated that transarterial internal hyperthermia may be effective for deeply located hypervascular tumors. We performed intravascular hyperthermia (IVH) for malignant hypervascular tumors that were transplanted into animals and evaluated the resulting histologic changes and antitumoral effects. METHODS: We designed a special catheter to heat the injected saline. Sixteen rabbits with hypervascular VX2 tumors ranging from 2 to 2.5 cm in diameter in their left hindlimb muscles served as subjects. IVH was performed via the left femoral artery (temperature = 50 degrees C) in 11 rabbits. Two sessions of IVH were performed during 1 week. Two weeks after the two sessions of IVH, the rabbits were sacrificed and their tumors and feeding arteries were resected. Five control rabbits had 37 degrees C saline infused using the same technique. RESULTS: The temperature in the central zone of the tumor increased markedly to 42.3 +/- 0.5 degrees C (mean +/- standard deviation), compared with 40.3 +/- 0.4 degrees C and 39.2 +/- 0.5 degrees C in the peripheral zones of the tumor and the surrounding tissue, respectively. Tumor sizes were calculated on angiograms as having decreased by 63 +/- 35% of their initial sizes during the 2 weeks after the two IVH sessions. However, tumor sizes increased to 171 +/- 41% in the control group (p < .01). Necrosis in the peripheral zones of the tumors in the IVH group was more severe than that in the control group (p < .05). Necrosis in the central zones of the tumors in the IVH group was slightly more severe. The surrounding tissue was not damaged. Although the femoral artery was not severely damaged, there was severe damage to the feeding arteries. CONCLUSION: IVH reduced the size of hypervascular tumors in our rabbits. The antitumoral effects are attributed to direct damage of the tumor vessels and to the effect of heat on the tumor cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗