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Results for “ELECTROSURGERY”

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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

Potentially explosive colonic concentrations of hydrogen after bowel preparation with mannitol.

Hydrogen (H2) concentrations were measured in undiluted samples of intracolonic gas and in expired air in twenty patients undergoing colonoscopy after preparation with either mannitol or castor oil. Potentially explosive intracolonic H2 concentrations were present in six out of ten patients given mannitol, but in none given castor oil. This has important implications for colonoscopic, as well as for surgical, electrosurgery. H2 concentrations in expired air sampled preoperatively did not identify patients with potentially explosive intracolonic hydrogen levels.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Treatment of skin cancer using multiple modalities.

Physicians concerned with modern treatment of skin cancer should be knowledgeable about the indications and contraindications of the five major modalities available for the treatment of skin cancer: electrosurgery, excision and suture closure surgery, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, and Mohs' chemosurgery. Flexibility in the application of these modalities is important if physicians are to offer patients the best method for the treatment of each skin cancer. Selection of the proper treatment method must take into consideration factors of cell type, size and depth, specific anatomic location, duration, primary or recurrent, single or multiple, degree of sun damage to surrounding skin, and age and general health of the patient. This review seeks to define the relative advantages and disadvantages, as well as indications and contraindications, of these five major modalities. This review also seeks to present relative guidelines for choosing treatment methods, including discussions of the previously mentioned factors.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Electrosurgical fundamentals.

Electrosurgery is used regularly by physicians in the performance of minor outpatient surgery. Most dermatologists are familiar with the electrosurgical methods used to treat many common skin lesions. Many practitioners, however, are unfamiliar with the electrophysical fundamentals underlying these modalities. The basic principles necessary for the safe and optimal use of these methods are presented herein.

Electrocoagulation↗

PubMed1997

Medical issues and emergencies in the dermatology office.

We review the medical issues and emergencies potentially encountered in the practice of general or surgical dermatology. Traditional guidelines have largely consisted of dated extrapolations from the nondermatologic literature concerning procedures that are primarily irrelevant to dermatology. This article outlines a rational approach to organizing an office emergency plan for anaphylaxis, stroke, status epilepticus, myocardial infarction, and hypertensive crisis. We discuss the literature that has influenced current office behavior regarding endocarditis prophylaxis, the use of electrosurgery with pacemakers, arrhythmogenic drug interactions, vasovagal syncope, lidocaine "allergy," and bleeding complications from oral anticoagulants. Recommendations for managing these issues in a dermatologic context are provided.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1983

Histometric evaluation of interproximal bone responses to electrosurgical mucoperiosteal incisions in dogs.

The periosteal and endosteal interproximal bone remodeling activity following clinically simulated blade and electrosurgical mucoperiosteal incisions was investigated by histologic and morphometric analyses. Undecalcified histologic sections were prepared and evaluated using standard bone morphometric techniques. Periosteal and endosteal bone surfaces subjacent to incisions were examined and the percentages of forming, resorbing, and quiescent surfaces, and the number of osteoclasts per millimeter of bone surface, were calculated. Based on indices of bone remodeling activity, the potentials for activation of interproximal bone remodeling by clinically appropriate blade and electrosurgery incisions in dogs appear to be similar.

Alveolar Process↗

PubMed1987

Patellar instability: treatment by arthroscopic electrosurgical lateral release.

We reviewed the results of arthroscopic lateral release using electrosurgery in 39 patients (45 knees) with a history of recurrent patellar subluxation or dislocation. The average follow-up time was 28 months (range, 24-36). At follow-up, the patients had decreased swelling, instability, and pain. There was an improvement in flexion activities, sports participation, and overall functional ability. Only 20% of the knees had completely normal physical findings: 11.1% of the knees were rated as excellent; 64.4% were improved; and 24.5% were poor. Dislocators had more frequent poor results. The complication rate was 4.4%. There were no postoperative hemathroses. One patient was considered a surgical failure. The technique yields results comparable with those of open extensor realignment procedures and avoids the complications inherent to lateral release in general. The place for this procedure in patellar instability is well-documented.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.

This article serves as a general review of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Subjects covered include equipment and instrumentation, use of laser and electrosurgery, surgical technique, and complications.

Electrosurgery↗

PubMed1998

Simultaneous bilateral obturator nerve stimulation during transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate.

Transurethral vaporization of the prostate is a new method of electrosurgery used for treating benign prostatic hypertrophy. We observed simultaneous obturator nerve stimulation during spinal anesthesia while the middle lobe of the prostate was being resected. A discussion of why electrovaporization is different from traditional electrocautery devices is presented. Due to the increased power required during electrovaporization, and the arcing at the electrode, a large amount of demodulated, low-frequency current is produced that can stimulate the obturator nerve. This can occur even if the electrode is not close to the lateral bladder wall. The solution to the problem of obturator nerve stimulation, including bilateral obturator nerve blocks using a lower power setting during resection and converting from a regional to general anesthetic with neuromuscular blockade, is discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed2004

Fertility after ovarian drilling by transvaginal fertiloscopy for treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate fertiloscopy ovarian drilling with bipolar energy in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN: Prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II). SETTING: University teaching hospital and private clinic. PATIENTS: Eighty women with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS. INTERVENTION: Operative transvaginal fertiloscopy with a coaxial bipolar electrode. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 18.1 months (+/- 6.4), 73 women (91%) recovered regular and ovulatory cycles. The cumulative pregnancy rate was 60% (44/73) for spontaneous and stimulated cycles, with 39.7% (29/73) imputed to drilling alone. The mean time to conceive was 3.9 months (range 1-11.8). There were eight miscarriages (18%), and no ectopic pregnancies or multiple pregnancy. No complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Ovarian drilling by transvaginal fertiloscopy with bipolar electrosurgery appears to be an effective minimally invasive procedure in patients with PCOS resistant to clomiphene citrate.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Gas and air embolization during hysteroscopic electrosurgical vaporization: comparison of gas generation using bipolar and monopolar electrodes in an experimental model.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the composition of gases generated by bipolar hysteroscopic vaporizing electrodes using electrolyte-rich medium (normal saline) with those of monopolar vaporizing electrodes using nonelectrolytic medium (1.5% glycine). DESIGN: In vitro study (Canadian Task Force classification II-1). SETTING: Laboratory. INTERVENTION: Fresh morbid bovine cardiac muscle was fully immersed in normal saline for the bipolar vaporizing electrode and 1.5% glycine for the monopolar vaporizing electrode. Standard hysteroscopic electrodes were activated at usual and maximum power outputs from radiofrequency electrosurgical generators appropriate for each system. The gases generated were captured and analyzed by gas chromatography and fast Fourier transform. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Gaseous by-products of electrosurgical vaporization of test tissues largely consisted of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. The composition of gases generated by hysteroscopic monopolar and bipolar electrodes in this laboratory model appear to be similar. CONCLUSION: These gases are all highly soluble in serum. This observation suggests that emboli of gaseous by-products of electrosurgery are unlikely to have an adverse impact on patients. On the other hand, air emboli, largely composed of relatively insoluble nitrogen, are more likely to result in clinically significant cardiopulmonary events.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Physiologic mechanism of the ultrasonically activated scalpel.

An ultrasonically activated scalpel was developed and used clinically to provide hemostatic cutting in laparoscopic surgery. Results of experimental work with the ultrasonic scalpel blades were compared with those of electrosurgery and lasers. Some features that distinguish this energy form may confer specific advantages in various surgical procedures.

Electrosurgery↗

PubMed1993

Laparoscopic excision of endometriosis with 3-mm scissors: comparison of operating times between sharp excision and electro-excision.

To determine if laparoscopic excision of endometriosis by electrosurgery is more rapid than by sharp dissection, a retrospective comparative study was made of operative times for the two procedures. Median operating times for laparoscopic electro-excision of endometriosis were 26% to 49% faster than excision by sharp dissection. A chi2 analysis of the frequency counts of surgical intervals, and disease stage revealed this difference to be statistically significant and not due to acquired experience or differences in extent of disease in the two groups. The reduction in operating time achieved with monopolar electro-excision seems primarily associated with a more rapid cutting action with simultaneous coagulation of bleeders.

Dissection↗

PubMed1994

The HysteroTrainer, a simulator for diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy.

Hysteroscopy has become an integral part of operative gynecology, with rates of major complications of 1%. To avoid serious, even lethal, complications, an intensive, well-structured training program for practicing surgeons is necessary. In response to these educational requirements. The HysteroTrainer was developed to provide in vitro simulation training for diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy, including laser and high-frequency electrosurgery.

Cervix Uteri↗

PubMed1997

Histologic characteristics of electrosurgical injuries.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe the wide variation of histologic characteristics produced by electrosurgical burns. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: University-associated teaching hospital. SUBJECTS: Pigs and dogs. INTERVENTIONS: Various power settings were employed with both monopolar and bipolar electrodes to incur electrosurgical damage. Animals were followed for up to 96 hours after injury. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Histologic analysis yielded characteristics of electrosurgical damage including areas of complete necrosis and coagulation, perivascular changes, endothelial damage, and hyperchromic pyknotic nuclei. White cell infiltration was seen only at the margin of necrotic zones of coagulation. CONCLUSION: The wide spectrum of histology from electrosurgical burns is primarily a result of the area that is sampled. Surgeons should actively investigate any postsurgical complications involving electrosurgery to obtain a definitive cause.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Comparison of two different gingivectomy techniques for gingival cleft treatment.

Interdental clefts or invaginations contribute to orthodontic relapse and poor periodontal health in extraction cases. These clefts or invaginations can be removed both by electrosurgical or conventional surgical gingivectomy techniques. This study investigates and compares the efficacy of two different techniques to remove gingival clefts with respect to periodontal health and patient tolerance. Twenty-two patients (mean age, 15.7 years) with bilateral gingival clefts participated in this study. In each patient, the gingival invaginations were removed by gingivectomy using electrosurgery on one side and conventional surgery on the contralateral side. The length and depth of the invaginations, the gingival index of the adjacent teeth, and the changes in visual analogue scale scores were recorded before and after the operation for both groups. Mann-Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze the data statistically. The results showed significant improvement in invagination depth and length and gingival index scores for both techniques. There were no statistical differences between the two gingivectomy techniques with respect to gingival health and patient tolerance. Both techniques can be used to remove the gingival invaginations efficiently.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Electrosurgical standing cutaneous cone modification.

BACKGROUND: Tissue redundancy manifesting as a standing cutaneous cone is a common surgical problem. OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of electrosurgery to modify standing cutaneous cones. METHODS: Electrical current is applied via an electrosurgical needle to deep dermis and subcutaneous fat. The superficial dermis and epidermis are left undisturbed. In properly selected standing cones, correction of the standing cone is achieved without scar lengthening. RESULTS: Use of the technique can provide standing cone correction without lengthening the surgical scar. There has been no increase in wound failure or infection with the described technique. CONCLUSION: Electrosurgical modification complements existing surgical techniques for standing cutaneous cone repair.

Cicatrix↗

PubMed2001

[Danger of monopolar current in laparoscopic gallbladder surgery].

Monopolar electrosurgery is querried because of the availability of new preparation-techniques in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The advantage of simple handling, cheap application and high efficiency has to be set against the danger of tissue lesions e. g. the damage of the bile duct as demonstrated by four own cases. Especially the bipolar preparation-method and ultrasonic dissection are safer, but expensive and not as fast and effective as monopolar technique. Laser-heated instruments exist but are not in wide clinical use. The danger of tissue-lesions can be reduced by accurate preparation-principles and caution in dissection of the Calot-triangle.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Principals of high frequency surgery].

Electrosurgical instruments are routinely and daily applied at a variety of indications in Otorhinolaryngology. They can be used for cutting, coagulation and devitalisation. All have in common that the high frequency energy is transported into the tissue via an instrument and by this causes a thermal change. Depending on the duration and characteristic of the electricity a vaporisation of the tissue is effected through coagulation, devitalisation and carbonisation. The knowledge of the effects on the tissue by the choice of the different instrument parameters and application systems is essential for an ingenious therapeutically indication. In principal the following application methods for electrosurgery by modulation of the high frequency parameters are distinguished: the monopolar and the bipolar coagulation and devitalisation and the monopolar and the bipolar cutting. This article deals with the physical basis, the effects in the tissue as well as the single application methods of the high frequency surgery.

Electrocoagulation↗