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PubMed1995

I. Do chronic pain patients' perceptions about their preinjury jobs determine their intent to return to the same type of job post-pain facility treatment?

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that chronic pain patients' (CPPs') perceptions about their preinjury jobs determine their intent to return to the same type of job post pain facility treatment. DESIGN: A total of 225 CPPs completed a series of rating scales and yes/no questions relating to their preinjury job perceptions and a question relating to intent to return to the same type of preinjury job post-pain facility treatment. The CPPs were broken down into subgroups (males, females, college males, noncollege males, college females, noncollege females), and within each subgroup those not intending to return to the same type of pre-injury job were compared to those intending to return on the preinjury job perception questions. In addition for the whole group, stepwise discriminant analysis was used to predict who planned to return to the preinjury job utilizing the job perceptions questions. SETTING: Multidisciplinary Pain Center. PATIENTS: Consecutive chronic pain patients. RESULTS: For the whole group, CPPs not intending to return were more likely to complain of job excessive physical demands, job satisfaction, and job dislike. Job perception complaints that were significantly different between the intending and not intending to return groups differed between the subgroups. For example, noncollege males not intending to return were more likely to complain of excessive physical demands only versus satisfaction and liking as significant items for college males who did not intend to return. Within the discriminant analysis, the combination of job satisfaction, excessive physical demands, employee conflicts, job liking, job dangerousness, supervisory conflicts, job stress, and age classified 73.46% of the CPPs correctly as to intent to return to the same type of preinjury job. CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a relationship between preinjury job perceptions and intent to return to the same type of job post pain treatment. However, subgroups of CPPs will differ by which job perceptions are important towards making that decision.

Accidents, Occupational↗

PubMed1997

Effect of attitudes and subjective norms on intention to provide oral care to patients receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy.

The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) served as the conceptual framework for this study, which was designed to examine the effect of attitudes and subjective norms on intention to provide oral care for patients receiving chemotherapy. The sample, stratified by type of health care facility, consisted of staff nurses (N = 85) who work in oncology settings in New York State. Data were collected by sending 10 questionnaires to a designee at the randomly chosen facility. Both attitudes and subjective norms were significant predictors of behavioral intention, predicting 39% of the variance. Using the strategy devised by Laschinger and Goldenberg, the sample was divided into two groups: those that scored below the mean on behavioral intention (nonintenders) and those above the mean (intenders). Nonintenders scored significantly lower on attitudes and subjective norms than intenders. The TRA was not supported when examining the data of the nonintenders, whereas for the intenders the theory did operate as designed, predicting 23% of the variance in behavioral intention.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

Relationship between the intention to repeat a papanicolaou smear test and affective response to a previous test among Korean women.

The purposes of this descriptive cross-sectional study were to describe (1). women's affective (emotional) responses before, during, and after a Papanicolaou smear test and after receiving the test result and (2.) the difference in affective response between women who did or did not intend to repeat the Papanicolaou smear test in the future. The theory of reasoned action was used as the theoretical basis for this study. Participants were selected by convenience sampling and included 515 women aged 24 to 69 years who had a previous Papanicolaou smear test, did not have cervical cancer, and who agreed to participate. Affective response was measured with an instrument developed by Park. Intention to repeat the Papanicolaou smear test was measured with a single question on intention of repeating the Papanicolaou smear test. Women with intention to repeat the Papanicolaou smear test showed higher apprehension after the test ( = 2.695, =.04) and higher positive affective responses such as feeling relieved, great, and comfortable after receiving the test result ( = 3.014, =.003). This result suggests that women with the intention to repeat the test are more concerned with the test result and that emotional relief after confirming normal findings is an important motivator for repeating the Papanicolaou smear test.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

Fluoxetine in the treatment of intention myoclonus.

Some types of intention myoclonus respond to serotonin precursor therapy (e.g., L-5-hydroxytryptophan, L-5HTP). Fluoxetine, a specific serotonin (5HT) uptake blocker, was found to have no antimyoclonic effect when administered by itself to four patients with intention myoclonus. However, in two patients with intention myoclonus responsive to L-5HTP and carbidopa, fluoxetine reduced the required dose of L-5HTP to approximately one-third, with greater antimyoclonic activity, decreased side effects, and reduction in platelet 5HT and plasma 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and L-5HTP concentrations. These findings further support the hypothesis that some forms of intention myoclonus are caused by a deficiency of brain 5HT, and suggest that the addition of fluoxetine to L-5HTP and carbidopa may improve antimyoclonic therapy.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A practical method of predicting client revisit intention in a hospital setting.

Data mining (DM) models are an alternative to traditional statistical methods for examining whether higher customer satisfaction leads to higher revisit intention. This study used a total of 906 outpatients' satisfaction data collected from a nationwide survey interviews conducted by professional interviewers on a face-to-face basis in South Korea, 1998. Analyses showed that the relationship between overall satisfaction with hospital services and outpatients' revisit intention, along with word-of-mouth recommendation as intermediate variables, developed into a nonlinear relationship. The five strongest predictors of revisit intention were overall satisfaction, intention to recommend to others, awareness of hospital promotion, satisfaction with physician's kindness, and satisfaction with treatment level.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Intention to apply or accept an alternative job among participants of extended employment programs.

The research studied 249 people employed in extended employment programs in northern Israel with respect to their intention to apply for an alternative job (an active step) or to accept a new job offer (a passive step). Findings indicated that young, single people who were living with their parents and perceived their level of disability as mild indicated more intention to apply for an alternative job or to accept a new job offer. Furthermore, people with low monthly wages, less satisfaction with their income and with the extended employment program in general, and a lack of participation in non-employment activities expressed a greater inclination to apply for an alternative job or to accept a new job offer. The only difference between people's intentions to apply for an alternative job (an active step) or to accept a job offer (a passive step) was in regard to their perception of their disability. The intention to apply for an alternative job was associated with mild disability, whereas the acceptance of a new job offer was related to mild and moderate disability.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Development of a risk profile for intentions to use alcohol among fifth and sixth graders.

OBJECTIVE: The relationship between intentions to use alcohol and risk factors was examined among fifth and sixth graders. METHOD: Subjects completed a questionnaire that assessed intentions to use alcohol and eight risk factors. Risk factors included peer and parental use and attitudes toward use, sensation seeking, tolerance of deviance, rejection of parental authority, and family cohesion. RESULTS: Multivariate analyses showed that the risk factors were able to discriminate between those who intended to use alcohol and those who did not. Family factors showed stronger relationships to intentions among fifth graders, and peer factors were more strongly related to intentions among sixth graders. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors can be used to target preadolescents who may be at risk for early alcohol use, and programs that attempt to prevent early initiation of alcohol use among adolescents can be designed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

When is an assessment an intervention? Parent perception of infant intentionality and language.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the process of having parents rate their infant's intentionality and language using parent-report questionnaires influences parents' tendency to view infants as intentional or linguistic. METHOD: The Infant Intentionality Questionnaire (IIQ) and the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) were administered to three groups of mothers. Forty mothers completed the interviews longitudinally when their infants were 8, 10 and 12 months old. A group of 20 mothers completed the interviews longitudinally when their infants were 10 and 12 months old. A third group of 20 mothers completed the interviews at 12 months only. RESULTS: IIQ scores increased across age but also were higher if parents had more experience with the questionnaire. CDI scores increased with age, but there was no effect of repeated testing. CONCLUSIONS: Previous experience with the IIQ seems to have enhanced the tendency to perceive intentionality. In contrast, repeated testing with the CDI did not alter parent perception of child language. These results suggest that some parent-report instruments (e.g., the IIQ) can alter the test-taker's awareness and thus could serve as an intervention. Parent-report instruments that tap something that is salient, familiar, and easily observable (e.g., the child's language) are less likely to alter the parent's perception.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Choosing personhood: intentionality and the theory of nursing as caring.

Drawing on a story of a nursing situation for practical context, this article explores the meaning of intentionality within the theoretical context of Nursing as Caring. May's definition of intentionality as the structure that gives meaning to experience is interwoven with the concepts of the theory of Nursing as Caring to explore the topic. Mayeroff's concepts of hope and commitment contribute to an understanding of intentionality in relation to Nursing as Caring. The major thesis of this article, that intentionality is consistently choosing personhood as a way of life and the aim of nursing, is demonstrated in the practice situation.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Intentional weight loss, blood lipids and coronary morbidity and mortality.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although weight reduction has been recommended to reduce cardiovascular risk, studies on the association between weight loss and coronary morbidity and mortality show conflicting results. This review summarizes findings from large studies examining this issue and accentuates the importance of carrying out additional well-designed research. RECENT FINDINGS: Many observational studies report that weight loss in older men and women is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Recent studies suggest that this association may arise from the confounding effect of preexisting disease. Many studies do not report whether weight loss is intentional or unintentional. Unintentional weight loss may mask beneficial changes in cardiovascular risk due to intentional weight loss. In addition to issues related to the cause of weight loss, use of reported rather than measured weight may bias the results of large studies. However, one recent observational study with a methodology aimed at overcoming these limitations found that individuals who intentionally lost weight experienced a decreased coronary risk. SUMMARY: Weight reduction in overweight individuals is not universally associated with good health. This is true even if the weight loss results in normal body mass index. Reports of increased coronary risk associated with intentional weight loss may be explained by comorbidities that are also associated with weight loss. Individuals who are overweight and at high coronary risk may benefit from professionally supervised dieting and avoiding regain of lost weight. Clinical trials on cardiovascular outcomes in individuals who lose weight under supervised dieting are needed to assess this recommendation definitively.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Relationship between multiple sclerosis intention tremor severity and lesion load in the brainstem.

Intention tremor due to multiple sclerosis is clinically similar to cerebellar tremor. This study investigated, in 14 multiple sclerosis patients, the relationship between intention tremor severity and the lesion load in different infratentorial regions. Tremor amplitude was quantified during step-tracking tasks. The lesion load was measured on magnetic resonance images using an automated segmentation method. Intention tremor amplitude was significantly related to lesion load in the brainstem but not in the cerebellum. Specifically, tremor amplitude correlated with the lesion load in the contralateral pons, and patients with more severe tremor in both arms had a greater lesion load bilaterally in the pons. These results support the view that multiple sclerosis intention tremor is related to dysfunction of cerebellar inflow and/or outflow pathways.

Brain Stem↗

PubMed2000

Multiplicative effects of intention on the perception of bistable apparent motion.

When viewing ambiguous displays, observers can, via intentional efforts, affect which perceptual interpretation they perceive. Specifically, observers can increase the probability of seeing the desired percept. Little is known, however, about how intentional efforts interact with sensory inputs in exerting their effects on perception. In two experiments, the current study explored the possibility that intentional efforts might operate by multiplicatively enhancing the stimulus-based activation of the desired perceptual representation. Such a possibility is suggested by recent neurophysiological research on attention. In support of this idea, when we presented bistable apparent motion displays under stimulus conditions differentially favoring one motion percept over the other, observers' intentional efforts to see a particular motion were generally more effective under conditions in which stimulus factors favored the intended motion percept.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

The effect of choice on intention-behavior consistency.

Three studies were conducted with the aim of investigating whether choice of behavioral alternative increases intention-behavior consistency. In Study 1 undergraduates were asked to write and mail back an essay on a topic they either chose or were assigned. Demonstrating an effect of choice, significantly more subjects who chose an essay topic mailed back the essays. These subjects also rated their intention to write the essay as stronger, thus suggesting that the difference between choice and no choice is that the intention is self-generated. Supporting this interpretation, no differences in mail-back rates were observed in Studies 2 and 3 between a difficult and easy choice condition. Furthermore, an alternative hypothesis that choice induces implementation intentions did not receive support since independent effects were in Study 2 found of deciding when and where to write the essay and in Study 3 of making an outline of the essay.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

The emergency department experience of chest pain patients and their intention to delay care seeking for acute myocardial infarction.

This study investigated how patients' emergency department experience was related to their intention to delay action in response to future symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. A sample of 426 persons admitted to the emergency department with a chief complaint of chest pain and released from the emergency department were contacted by telephone. Patients were queried about their affective response to the emergency department experience, their satisfaction with emergency department staff communication, their intention to delay prompt action for acute myocardial infarction symptoms in the future, the influence of others in the decision to seek care, and medical and demographic status. The results of a mixed model linear regression analysis showed that the less education patients had (p = 0.007), the less sure they felt that going to the emergency department had been "the right thing to do" (p = 0.004), and the greater the degree of embarrassment (p = 0.0001), the greater was the intention to delay action for future symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. The results also showed that those patients who were prompted by health professionals to go to the emergency department were less likely to report intentions to delay for future symptoms (p = 0.036). It is important that emergency department staff reassure chest pain patients who are sent home that they did the right thing by coming to the emergency department for their symptoms. Providers need to be particularly sensitive to feelings of embarrassment.

Chest Pain↗

PubMed2006

Examining intention to control preschool children's sugar snacking: a study of carers in Uganda.

AIM: The aims of this study were to investigate parents' intention to control their children's sugar consumption and whether that behaviour is reported to occur in 3-5-year-old preschool children according to sociodemographics and attitudinal factors derived from the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). DESIGN: Some 589 children aged 3-5 years (51% boys, response rate = 85%) attending nursery schools in Kampala Central (urban) and Nakawa (suburban), Uganda, were examined clinically for dental caries. A questionnaire to assess sociodemographic factors, sugar intake and the constructs of the TPB was completed by their parents'/caregivers in face-to-face interviews. RESULTS: Analyses of variance revealed more positive attitudes and stronger intention to control children's intake of sugared snacks in highly as compared to less highly educated parents. Independent of educational level, parents having children with caries perceived themselves to have less control over their child's intake of sugared snacks and perceived them to be more susceptible to tooth decay compared to parents of children without caries. In multiple linear regression, the TPB provided a significant prediction of intention with attitude (b = 0.16, P < 0.001), subjective norms (b = 0.18, P < 0.001) and perceived barriers (b = 0.11, P = 0.01), significant and reported sugar intake with attitudes (b = -0.10, P = 0.02), and perceived susceptibility (b = 16, P < 0.001) all significant. CONCLUSION: The TPB components predict parental intention to control sugar snacking and whether that behaviour occurs in preschool children. The strengths of parents' attitudes and reported level of child sugar snacking varied between diverse socioeconomic family groups. Implications for oral health education are discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Low-perceived work ability, ageing and intention to leave nursing: a comparison among 10 European countries.

AIM: This paper reports a study exploring nurses' perceived work ability and its associations with age and intention to leave nursing in a representative sample of registered nurses in 10 european countries. BACKGROUND: Throughout Europe, there is now a substantial shortage of Registered Nurses and unless steps are taken to reverse this trend, numbers are likely to decline further. A study exploring nurses' perceived work ability will provide baseline evidence, which may lead to improved working conditions and increased nursing retention. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was employed. Questionnaire data were collected from 25,976 nurses in 10 member states of the European Union between October 2002 and June 2003. The response rate was 52.9% for the total investigation and varied between countries from 32.4% to 76.9%. Perceived work ability was assessed using the Work Ability Index. Intention to leave was measured by asking nurses how often they thought about leaving nursing. Data were examined using analysis of covariance and adjusted logistic regression. RESULTS: In all 10 European countries, scores on the Work Ability Index were significantly lower (P < 0.01) among older nurses (>or=45 years). Work ability varied among countries and differences between younger and older nurses were more pronounced in some countries. In all countries, there was a significant association between low Work Ability Index and intention to leave nursing (odds ratios between 1.98 and 21.46), especially among younger nurses. The association between work ability and intention to leave was most marked for those items on the Work Ability Index which explored subjective rather than objective aspects of work ability. CONCLUSION: Attempts to redress nursing shortages could include institutional policies to sustain work ability through better working conditions, improving quality of the working environment and finding suitable alternative nursing work for those no longer able to cope in their current post. These approaches should include nurses in all age categories.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Heider's foreseeability level of responsibility attribution: does it come after intentionality?

A conceptual analysis of Heider's level 3 foreseeability rule for the attribution of responsibility suggests that it is more difficult than levels 2 (commission) and 4 (intentionality) because it requires forms of reasoning ascribed to Piaget's formal operational thought. Thus, the rule should be acquired in early adolescence, or later. Previous studies showing foreseeability attributions in younger children have been confounded by the fact that their stimulus materials required an inference of intentionality. The present study, of 5-15-year-olds, avoided this confound by using an "omniscient narrator" technique to control the children's inferences of intent. The results suggest that children first employ Heider's commission rule, then his intentionality rule, and finally adopt the foreseeability rule at about 11 years. The study did not assess whether or not foreseeability attribution is a "stage" in the sense of Piaget's formal operational thought.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Treatment of root perforation by intentional reimplantation: a case report.

Intentional reimplantation is defined as a procedure in which an intentional tooth extraction is performed followed by reinsertion of the extracted tooth into its own alveolus. In this paper, intentional reimplantation is described and discussed as a treatment approach to root canal instrument separation in conjunction with root perforation. An 8-year follow-up case report is presented. The reimplanted tooth is now a fixed bridge abutment. Although successful in this case, the intentional reimplantation procedure should be considered a treatment of last resort, that is, when another treatment option is not viable for the treatment of root perforation/instrument retrieval.

Adult↗