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PubMed1995

Effects of occlusal splints on the asymmetry of masticatory muscle activity during maximal clenching.

The effects of stabilization splints on the electromyographic activity patterns of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles during maximal clenching in healthy subjects and subjects with different types of stomatognathic dysfunction syndrome were investigated. No marked effect of splints on the asymmetry of muscle activity during bilateral clenching was revealed immediately after splint insertion. During unilateral clenching in the intercuspal position (ICP), the relative asymmetry index (rAI) of the masseter muscles, detecting the imbalance of left and right muscular activity, was significantly increased. The use of splints suppressed the asymmetry of masseter muscle activity during unilateral clenching. This result suggests that the use of a splint is a method of suppressing clench-caused aggravation of stomatognathic dysfunction in the presence of an imbalance between left and right muscle activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Influence of masticatory muscle insertions on the mandibular structure of the newborn infant].

The influence of the muscular insertions on the mandibular structure in new born infants has been studied with the aid of microradiographical analysis applied to 80 microns thick undecalcified sections and in paraffin sections after decalcification. The left side of the mandibles was cut into sections parallel to the vestibular surface of the bone (fig. 1) and the right side, in frontal sections (fig. 2). The tendinous fibres of the temporal muscle are inserted into the apex of the coronoïd process, which is, at this age, constituted by chondroïd tissue (fig. 3). The continued differentiation of this tissue within the coronoïd process, permits the migration of the temporal muscle insertion. Microradiographical analysis has been used to show the changes of the calcified tissue aspects in the masseter and medial pterygoïd muscle insertions (fig. 4 and 5). The insertion of the lateral pterygoïd muscle doesn't transform the bone tissue morphology (fig. 6-A and 6-B).

Humans↗
PubMed1993

The relationships between the temporomandibular joint disc and related masticatory muscles in humans.

A study of the relationships of the temporomandibular joint disc and the lateral pterygoid, temporalis, and masseter muscles during the human fetal period and in the adult was conducted. The superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle was seen to insert into the anteromedial two thirds of the temporomandibular joint disc. The fibers of the posterior one third of the temporalis muscle and fibers of the deep bundle of the masseter muscle were attached on the anterolateral one third of the disc. The attachment of these muscles to the disc was through the anterior extension of the disc, also known as the premeniscal or prediscal lamina. The possible functional role of these muscle attachments is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Electronic measurements of the masticatory muscles. 1: Methods of recording].

The application of surface electromyography as an aid in diagnosing craniomandibular dysfunction requires that pathological or treatment-induced changes of the EMG be distinguished with sufficient probability from random variations due to methodological or biological reasons. It was the aim of this study to determine the range of variability of elevator muscle EMG, to find experimental methods for improving reproducibility, and to establish evaluation procedures that allow the recognition of treatment-induced effects in the EMG even in the presence of great random variations. For this we measured the voltage/tension relation of the elevator muscles of 42 persons in the range of 20 to 500 N on up to 20 different days under constant experimental conditions. The majority of measurements revealed a non-linear correlation between EMG activity and resulting force, hence second order polynomials proved to be more appropriate than straight lines for representing the activity/tension correlation. Muscle activity was found to vary randomly from day to day within each individual. These fluctuations appeared as varying axis intersections, initial slopes and curvatures which are the determinants of the voltage/tension curves. In ten selected subjects random fluctuations were significantly higher when electrodes were repositioned by palpation of the muscle belly than with the aid of tattoos.

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