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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Vertebro-epidural lumbosacral vascular malformations. An unusual cause of lumbo-sciatic pain].

Sciatica is most commonly caused by nerve root compression secondary to herniated disk. Rarely, it can be due to a lumbosacral vascular malformation. We present five cases with such a malformation, presenting as a chronic lumboradiculagia. The patients were explored with computed tomography, MRI and selective spinal angiography. Polymorphic anatomic and hemodynamic aspect of these cases are reported: 1. One vertebral hemangioma with epidural extension; 2. Three purely epidural malformations: a) one epidural cavernous hemangioma, b) one epidural arteriovenous malformation, c) one epidural varix; 3. One paravertebral arteriovenous fistula with epidural venous drainage. Diagnosis of these rare malformations may be difficult. A multiplanar cross-sectional magnetic resonance and computed tomography scan with contrast enhancement can show characteristic abnormalities and may assist in recognition these malformations. Selective spinal angiography confirms the diagnosis, allows to classify the malformation and is required to evaluate endovascular therapeutic possibilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Magnetic resonance tomography in oncology diagnostics].

MR is well suited for imaging in patients with malignant disease. It is the most sensitive and most specific method in the detection of skeletal metastases. It clearly demonstrates the extent of primary bone tumours and also reveals skip metastases and invasion into neighbouring joints, hence it is an important procedure when surgery of a bone tumour is planned. In case of a soft tissue tumour, MR is the preferable imaging modality because it demonstrates the anatomy and reveals the different tissue constituents. MR is the best method to show tumour manifestations in the central nervous system, and it supplements cerebrospinal fluid examination in the detection of meningeal metastasis. MR is the method of choice if there is a cord compression. MR imaging is important in gynecologic oncology. Cost savings have been reported due to reduced use of other diagnostic tests and expensive surgical procedures. New and faster techniques allow examination of the total body in less than 45 minutes. We expect that MR imaging will be increasingly used in the future in patients with malignant disease.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Eccrine sweat gland carcinoma: a case report and review of diagnosis and treatment.

Carcinomas of the skin appendices are rare neoplasms but for prognostic reasons it is important to differentiate them from the indolent squamous and basal cell carcinomas, as their behavior is more aggressive. We report on a case of eccrine sweat gland carcinoma that displayed all the typical features of those neoplasms. The patient sought medical attention after a lesion in his foot, already present for four years, began to enlarge and developed satellite lesions. The pathological diagnosis was made only after the lesion was initially misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Multiple chemotherapeutic regimens and radiation therapy were administered with only temporary benefit. The patient developed distant metastatic disease but survived with metastases for three years. He died nine years after the initial lesion developed in his foot and five years after the diagnosis. The diagnosis of sweat gland carcinomas can be facilitated by histochemical stains. In contrast to squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin, these are generally positive for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Once metastatic, these neoplasms are only infrequently, and usually briefly, responsive to either chemotherapy or radiotherapy and new treatments are urgently needed. Early recognition of the entity may allow more timely treatment.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1998

[Perisacral angiosarcoma after radiotherapy for sigmoid carcinoma].

Secondary malignancy is a well-recognized complication of radiation therapy. The risk of postirradiation sarcoma in long-term follow-up is 0.03-0.8%. We report a case of radiation-induced perisacral angiosarcoma 6 years after pelvic irradiation for sigmoid cancer in a 77-year-old man. The tumor was diagnosed postmortem and was locally advanced and metastatic. He died 6 months after onset of symptoms. This case demonstrates the importance of long-term follow-up in those given radiotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Analysis of X-ray images of giant-cell tumor of bone of rare locations].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse X-ray images of giant-cell tumor of rare locations. METHODS: To retrospectively review the X-ray films, CT scans and arteriograms of 48 cases of surgically and/or pathologically confirmed giant-cell tumor of bone of rare locations. RESULTS: Of the 48 cases, expansive cystic destructive changes of the bone with soap-bubble like appearence was found in 30 cases, osteolytic destruction in 10 cases, soft tissue mass outside of bone with sinking, flattening and local expanding of bone in 4 cases, invading into neighboring bone in 4 cases, hyperplasia and sclerosis of bone in 3 cases and staining of abnormal blood vessels and tumors in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: For the diagnosis of giant-cell tumor of bone of rare locations, X-ray plain film is of great value. CT is even better than plain film; arteriogram is helpful for diagnosis and treatment planning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Radiculomedullary compressions by osteosarcoma and by giant cell tumor of the spine occurring in Paget's disease].

Two complications of Paget's disease are presented : they include an osteogenic sarcoma and a giant-cell tumour (GCT) of the lumbar spine with a radiculo-medullary compression syndrome. The rarity of sarcomatous degeneration of the spine affected by Paget's disease is emphasized and also the unusual character of the spinal GCT which develop in the presence of Paget's disease. As in the present case, it is often difficult to confirm the benign or malignant character of a GCT and the principal criteria of this classification are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Ewing's sarcoma. A clinicopathological and statistical analysis of patients surviving five years or longer.

Of 229 patients with primary Ewing's sarcoma of bone, thirty-seven survived five years or longer. When the patients who survived five years or longer were compared with the 192 who did not, two factors associated with longer survival were identified in this retrospective study: location of the primary tumor within an extremity and inclusion of surgery as part of the initial treatment. The probability of five-year survival for all 229 patients with primary Ewing's sarcoma was 16 per cent. For those seen since 1950, this probability was 18 per cent, and for patients without metastasis, it was 22 per cent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Malignant hemangioendothelioma of bone.

The clinical and histopathological characteristics are described in seven cases of malignant hemangioendothelioma of bone. This rare neoplasm affects all age groups and almost any bone. Metastases appear in the skeleton even before such lesions are seen on pulmonary roentgenograms. Prognosis is poor, with a five-year survival for only two of the six patients in this series. One patient is still alive and free of symptoms more than twelve years after diagnosis of widespread tumor destruction of the frontal skull bones, which was successfully controlled by radiation therapy. In addition, a recently diagnosed case of this tumor arising in a chronic non-fistulous osteomyelitic bone is described.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[A case of desmoplastic malignant pleural mesothelioma].

A 71-year-old woman with no history of asbestos exposure was referred to our hospital for evaluation of mediastinal soft tissue density. Six months prior to the admission, she had developed back pain and had been diagnosed as having intercostal neuralgia. Since the symptoms progressed, she was referred to another hospital. While chest radiography revealed no abnormality, chest computed tomography showed the prominence of mediastinal soft tissue, extending to the left hilum and partially destroying the nearby vertebrae. However, no pleural effusion was noted. After admission, a thoracoscopic examination was performed, and a whitish mass was found on the pleural surface partially adhering to the chest wall. Histological examination of the biopsied material showed dense areas of collagenous tissue with small foci of slightly atypical spindle cells. These findings led to the diagnosis of desmoplastic malignant pleural mesothelioma. The patient was treated with combined chemo-radiotherapy, but the response to this treatment was unclear. To date, reports for this subgroup of malignant mesothelioma are still rare.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer to the atlas].

Metastatic lesions of the primary non-small cell lung cancer to the atlas have not been previously described. We report a 66-year-old female patient with the primary non-small cell lung cancer and a metastatic lesion to the atlas. Clinicopathologic, radiologic features and treatment of this tumor are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Immunodiagnosis of a metastasis in a patient with a history of double malignant disease.

This paper discusses the use made of the antigenic specificity of malignant tumours in the diagnosis and subsequent management of a patient with secondary malignant disease who had previously been treated for both carcinoma of the breast and malignant melanoma. A comparatively simple, rapid test (leucocyte adherence inhibition) was used to determine the patient's antitumour immunoreactivity. Cell-mediated immunity against both types of tumour was detected, but this was accompanied by serum-blocking factor corresponding to melanoma only, which indicated that the secondary malignant disease was melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Magnetic resonance in examination of the spine in patients with multiple myeloma].

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant disease of the haematopoietic system characterized by the formation of osteolytic foci of the skeleton with predilection of the thoracolumbar portion of the spine. The submitted investigation evaluates the importance of examination of the spine by magnetic resonance (MR), as compared with results of conventional radiology (CR). The analyzed group of 75 patients with multiple myeloma was assembled in the course of the previous four years. All patients were examined by conventional radiology and magnetic resonance and the assembled results were mutually compared. On examination by MR a pathological finding was recorded in 68/75 (91%) patients, when using CR in 41/75 (55%) patients. Compression of the vertebral bodies was assessed by means of magnetic resonance in 42/75 (56%) patients, when using CR in 37/75 (49%) patients. Secondary stenosis of the spinal canal was detected by MR in 23/75 (30%), extramedullary spread of myelomatous masses was found in 15/75 (20%) patients whereby radiographic examination was negative in these patients. Osteolytic foci in the area of the spine were recorded in 62/75 (83%) patients examined by MR, while by using CR only in 3/75 (4%). From the presented results ensues that nuclear magnetic resonance is for evaluation of spinal lesions in MM much more sensitive than conventional radiography, mainly due to the possibility of direct visualization of soft tissue tumourous masses and evaluation of their relationship to the spinal canal. The contribution of MR examination is invaluable in particular in patients with obscure back pain and a negative finding on radiographic examination of the skeleton where X-ray examination does not explain adequately the patient's complaints, as well as in patients with suspected compression of the spinal cord. In some liminal situations it contributes to more accurate assessment of the clinical stage and thus to selection of adequate treatment.

Adult↗