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Results for “TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT”

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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Radiographic scanning of the temporomandibular joint. Technic and results].

The authors report a prospective study involving investigation of the temporo-mandibular joints for algo-dysfunctional syndromes by gaseous arthroscanning. They propose a double articular compartment injection technique using CT scan localization. The CT scan study is performed using fine sagittal sections with the mouth both closed and open, and also Hirtz coronal sections. Early results directly demonstrate menisco-ligamentary structures, the position of the meniscus in the closed position and its displacement on mouth opening, these being of fundamental importance to the practitioner. The authors present normal results and the principal pathological results encountered in the investigation of algodysfunctional syndromes involving this joint (T.M.A.D.S.). CT scan allows more precise localization for joint injection than radioscopy, and while the images obtained are markedly better than those obtained on opaque arthrograms, they offer less dynamic information in view of the lack of radioscopy.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Surgical arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint.

Currently, surgical arthroscopy of the TMJ is primarily confined to the superior joint space, unless there is a perforation in the disc. This is due mainly to the technical limitations imposed in attempting to manipulate a 0.69 mm arthroscope with advanced fibreoptics in the lower joint space. At the present time, operative arthroscopy is "state of the art" treatment for many pathological entities involving the TMJ. Disc entrapment, synovitis, adhesions, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis and lateral capsular impingement can be effectively treated with this technique. While many patients will achieve successful results with this form of therapy, operative arthroscopy is not a panacea, and the need for open arthrotomy must still be reserved for those patients with advanced intracapsular disease. Specifically, anterior disc displacement with reduction, extensive intra-articular fibrosis, failed arthroscopy, avascular necrosis, osteochondritis dissecans, and joint reconstruction often require open arthrotomy for their successful management.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1995

[The concept of the pathogenesis of occlusive disorders in diseases of the temporomandibular joint].

Abnormal occlusion developing in adult patients is always caused by involvement of the temporomandibular joints. Destructive diseases of an infectious origin are characterized by unilateral involvement of the joints, unilateral reduction of the interocclusal height, and increased abrasion of teeth due to increased masticatory loading. Occlusive contact is preserved in all teeth. The second group of destructive diseases of the temporomandibular joint includes rheumatoid arthritis and systemic scleroderma and is characterized by symmetrical involvement, polyarthritis, and rapid progress. Clinically frontal occlusion develops, which is caused by deformation of articular processes, mandibular body, angle, and branch.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Dynamics modeling of human temporomandibular joint during whiplash.

The objective of this study is to simulate the dynamic response of the temporomandibular joint forces within a rear-end impacted vehicle. Clinicians reports symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders in many patients who have experienced vehicle rear-end impacts. In rear-end impact, a vehicle occupant's head is thrust rearward with respect to the vehicle in a whiplash action. During this motion, complex dynamic forces act on the jaw bone. To understand the dynamic forces acting on the jaw, we extended an existing human head/neck model by adding a movable jaw, and performed simulation of the jaw motions during rear-end impacts at 4.2, 6.4 and 9.6 m/s. Results predicted temporomandibular joint torques, relative angle between the head and jaw, jaw angular acceleration and linear acceleration of the jaw's center of mass.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2005

The role of facial trauma as a possible etiologic factor in temporomandibular joint disorder.

PURPOSE: Facial trauma has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor of temporomandibular joint disorder. However, there is little information on the role of macrotrauma. The main purpose of this study was to validate facial trauma as a potential etiologic factor for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. Multidirectional approaches were applied for the evaluation of the changes of TMJ after TMJ macrotrauma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Analysis of TMJ status including arthroscopic examination, histomorphologic examination, and synovial fluid biochemical analysis were performed on the patients with mandibular fractures. Additionally, the efficacy of arthrocentesis for the patients of mandibular fracture was evaluated from the functional point of view. RESULTS: In arthroscopic examinations, evidence of synovitis with variable degrees was found. The representative findings are fibrillation and ecchymosis. On histomorphologic examination, bloody smear, degenerated cells and cartilage, inflammatory cells, and crystal were observed. In biochemical analysis, considerable amounts of prostaglandin E(2) and leukotriene B(4) were detected in the synovial fluid of the patients. CONCLUSION: The inflammatory and degenerative changes of TMJ can develop after facial trauma. Trauma can be a possible etiologic factor in cartilage degeneration, and biochemical and intra-articular pathology. Clinicians should recognize the etiologic importance of macrotrauma, and long-term evaluation of the TMJ as well as adequate treatment is required for patients with facial trauma.

Dinoprostone↗
PubMed1987

Temporomandibular joint symptoms in patients with midfrequency sensorineural hearing loss.

It was hypothesized that a correlation exists between a specific form of sensorineural hearing loss and temporomandibular joint dysfunction and/or parafunction, with the audiometric configuration of the loss showing a notch (poorest threshold) at 1000 or 2000 Hz in the range from 250 through 4000 Hz. Fifty patients at audiology clinics who showed this audiometric configuration were compared with 50 control patients, matched for age, sex, and severity of loss. The midfrequency notch group reported more symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (p less than 0.005), including more temporomandibular joint pain (p less than 0.0001), tenderness (p less than 0.025), and jaw noises (p less than 0.05). The notch group also reported significantly more bruxism (p less than 0.001) and clenching (p less than 0.001). Patients found having this midfrequency notch have been predominantly female (64% in this study), the percentage who are female increasing with age. The findings demonstrate a relationship between the form of sensorineural hearing loss studied and symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Facial pain, headache, and temporomandibular joint inflammation.

We studied one hundred patients with suspected temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthropathy in whom 64 also complained of headache and/or facial pain, using high field surface coil magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and found that headache and facial pain are commonly observed in association with inflammatory arthropathy of the TMJ. Each patient complained of pain and/or tenderness localized to the immediate vicinity of at least one TMJ. Pathologic joint effusion was demonstrated by MR in 88 of the painful joints studied. Significant meniscus displacement, with or without meniscus deformity and alteration of intrinsic signal intensity was present in 94 of the 100 painful joints examined. Fascial inflammation and atrophy of the ipsilateral muscles of mastication were observed occasionally with painful joints. There were no mechanical TMJ symptoms, such as joint clicking, crepitus or locking in 14 internally deranged and painful joints, 12 of which exhibited joint effusion and local inflammation. At least 80 patients described occlusal changes within 12 months of imaging. 28 of the pathologic joints in the series underwent subsequent meniscectomy, including routine histologic evaluation of surgical material. We conclude that internal derangement and inflammation of the TMJ should be considered in patients with unexplained headache and/or facial pain, even if mechanical TMJ symptoms are absent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Chiropractic management of capsulitis and synovitis of the temporomandibular joint.

Localized inflammatory conditions (eg, synovitis and capsulitis) of the temporomandibular joint are commonly seen in clinical practice. Regardless of their frequency of occurrence, these conditions must be differentially diagnosed from conditions that also may cause pain in the temporomandibular joint region. Capsulitis or synovitis should be considered if such pain is present and historical, physical, and laboratory findings do not indicate a referred pain phenomena or systemic, tumorous, or infectious involvement. This article reviews the clinical characteristics, etiology, physical examination methods, treatment, and prognosis for capsulitis and synovitis, and three cases that illustrate these conditions are reported.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Standardizing a protocol of magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joints. Part I].

The paper presents the standard of a procedure for magnetic resonance imaging of temporomandibular joints, which has been used to examine 275 patients. It describes the study projections, that are most significant for visualization, and scanning protocols. Illustrations of magnetic resonance imaging of the structures of the intact temporomandibular joint are presented.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2003

Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint in patients with orthodontic appliances.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint in those with orthodontic appliances by comparing magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joints with and without orthodontic appliances. STUDY DESIGN: Magnetic resonance imaging was performed in a total of 20 temporomandibular joints before and after the insertion of 6 kinds of orthodontic appliances (types 1-6), and the magnetic resonance images were compared. RESULTS: With respect to disk position, the diagnostic accuracy was 80%, 75%, 70%, 70%, 65%, and 60% in order from type 1 through type 6. The distribution of stages for the assessment of condylar configurations was 80%, 55%, 40%, 40%, 20%, and 10% in order from type 1 through type 6. No significant changes were found in the condylar head marrow signals. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging is performed in orthodontic patients preferably by using ceramic brackets in the front teeth and direct bonding tubes in the molar teeth while removing arch wires.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Temporomandibular joint neoplasms and pseudotumors.

Neoplasms and pseudotumors of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are very uncommon. Early recognition of such will prevent therapeutic delay and may have a dramatic impact on patient morbidity and mortality. Included in rare TMJ lesions are the following: 1) synovial chondromatosis, 2) osteochondroma, 3) osteoma, 4) osteoblastoma, 5) pigmented villonodular synovitis, 6) ganglion, 7) synovial cyst, 8) simple bone cyst, 9) aneurysmal bone cyst, 10) epidermal inclusion cyst, 11) hemangioma, 12) nonossifying fibroma, 13) Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 14) plasma cell myeloma, 15) sarcoma.

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal↗