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Psychological correlates of the course of Sydenham's chorea. Repeat evaluations of a case.

Published reports provide contradictory evidence concerning the cause, nature, and course of Syndeham's chorea: physiological, psychological, and interractional hypotheses have been advanced. Reports supporting any of these views suffer from lack of detail, objective observations, and/or longitudinal behavioral sampling. This case was studied longitudinally with numerous psychological tests. They revealed acute encephalopathy and severe personality disturbance in the acute stage, followed by rapid and lasting clearing of both symptoms. Thus, this case provided evidence consistent with virtually all published reports and with each hypothesis about Sydenham's chorea, suggesting the need for more careful longitudinal studies and a conceptual framework which can more fully embrace all the data.

Adolescent↗

Psychological findings in early treated cases of female pseudohermaphroditism caused by virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Nine female adolescents with female pseudohermaphroditism resulting from virilizing congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia (CAH) were studied in terms of gender identity, sex-role behavior, psychological adjustment, and psychosexual development. A group of adolescents with chronic illness was used as a control. The Draw-A-Person, the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, Rorschach, TAT, and a questionnaire reviewing peer and romantic activities were administered to both groups. The two groups were comparable on measures of general personality adjustment, with the CAH girls showing a trend toward greater bodily concerns. Sex-role identity for both groups was near the adolescent girl norms for both Femininity and Masculinity, with virilized CAH girls showing slightly higher Androgyny scores. Significant differences were found on gender identity as measured by greater differentiation of the drawn male figure as well as a trend toward drawing the male figure first. The CAH females also showed consistent patterns of psychosocial delay in dating and sexual relations as compared to the control group. Gender identity in this group appears to be mediated by body image. The resulting ambivalence may be evidence of feelings of incompetence, leading to resistance to social interactions and goals involving intimacy and nurturance.

Adolescent↗

Mental representations of physically and sexually abused latency-aged females.

The mental representations and self-concept of 20 sexually abused, 20 physically abused, and 20 nonabused but distressed females, ages 7-12, were studied using the TAT and the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Results were analyzed both statistically from objective scoring systems, and clinically from direct observations and from an analysis of the interaction of abused children with the examiner. The results show that while the mental representations did not statistically differ between the sexually and physically abused children, the abused groups did differ in their internal images compared to nonabused but distressed children. Also, abused children tended to split off from consciousness the more negative aspects of their perceptions. The results demonstrate that it is abuse per se, and not simply family distress, that results in impaired object relations. Implications of these results are discussed.

Child↗