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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Pilot study of dental erosion and associated factors in university student volunteers].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate dental erosion and associated etiologic factors among students from one university. METHODS: A total of 179 student volunteers from one university were examined clinically for their dental erosion. Each was required to complete a questionnaire regarding potentially associated etiologic factors. A modified criteria was used to grade the severity of dental erosion. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental erosion of this group was 45.8%, mostly in enamel. Facial surfaces of anterior teeth were most vulnerable to erosion. Statistic analysis indicated that acidic diets, such as carbonated drink, fruit juice, fruit drink and banana were risk factors to dental erosion. CONCLUSIONS: The findings strongly suggest that much attention should be given to dental erosion which was probably associated with acidic diet.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Candy sprays and -gels: effect on salivary flow and pH].

After seeing a child with dental erosion in a pediatric dental clinic the fondness and use of sweets were asked. With a questionnaire it became clear that recently various candy sprays and -gels are available to keep a sweet and fresh taste in the mouth at school. The buffer capacity of a number of sprays and gels were determined and they were tested in the mouth. The taste determines the increase in salivary flow rate. The effects of a taste stimulus on increasing the flow rate and decreasing the pH disappear within 2 until 3 minutes. Concluding: the Candy sprays and particularly the Juicy Drop Pop belong, from the dental point of view, to children sweets with high risk for dental caries and erosion. The use of these fluid sweets has to be reduced as much as possible.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1994

The dental impact of eating disorders.

Our self-perceptions are all influenced to some extent by the media. The increase in sales of diet plans immediately after Christmas only serves to highlight the fact that many people (consciously or subconsciously) are aware of the effect that advertisements have on our lives. The weight of most people is controlled by a combination of diet and homoeostatic control and remains relatively constant, but weight loss has a more profound and sinister effect for others. Unexplained dental erosion can occasionally be found during dental examinations and, despite careful questioning, a definitive diagnosis may prove elusive. In these patients, once the more common causes of dental erosion have been eliminated, the eating disorders should be considered. In this paper, the effects of psychological conditions affecting the diet on the dentition will be discussed.

Anorexia Nervosa↗

PubMed1988

Erosive effect of a sport drink mixture with and without addition of fluoride and magnesium on the molar teeth of rats.

A sport drink mixture (pH 3.2), either as such or supplemented with 15 ppm F or 38.5 ppm Mg or both, was given to Osborne-Mendel rats as the only liquid for 42 days. The erosion was scored on the lingual surfaces of the first mandibular molar teeth. Sport drink caused marked erosion, but in the groups where fluoride, alone or with magnesium, was added to the drink, the erosion damages were less severe. Magnesium alone had no clear effect on erosion. Dental plaque, induced by a powdered diet containing 15% sucrose, seemed to modify the erosion process by covering a part of the enamel and thus protecting these areas from the direct effect of acidic drink.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Associations between occupational health behaviors and occupational dental erosion.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between occupational health behaviors and occupational dental erosion. METHODS: Using data for 943 workers among 34 factories, selected by three-stage stratified cluster sampling from 888 factories using acids, two sets of modified case-control studies were performed. The cases were 242 workers with any dental erosion (G1-5) and 78 with severe dental erosion (G3-5); the controls were 701 workers with no erosion (GO) and 864 workers with no or mild erosion grades, GO-2, respectively. The main explanatory variables were behaviors such as wearing a respiratory mask and gargling at work. The results were adjusted for employment, age, sex, knowledge, and opinion about occupational health, attrition, and abrasion. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS: The odds of overall occupational dental erosion (G1-5) was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.42, 0.94) for respiratory mask wearers compared to nonwearers; the odds of severe occupational dental erosion (G3-5) was not significantly less in respiratory mask wearers (OR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.53, 1.67). Gargling did not show a significant association with occupational dental erosion in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Among occupational health behaviors, wearing personal protective respiratory masks in work was significantly associated with less overall occupational dental erosion.

Acids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of sucking acidic candy on whole-mouth saliva composition.

Limited information is available on the effects of sucking acidic candies on saliva composition and the protective role of saliva in this relation. Therefore the aim of this study was to determine salivary effects of sucking acidic candies in vivo in relation to individual variations in whole-saliva flow rate (WSFR) and buffer capacity (WSbeta). Ten healthy young males (24 +/- 2 years) sucked a rhubarb-flavoured acidic hard-boiled candy with tartaric acid available on the Danish market. The whole saliva was collected into a closed system, regarding CO2, at different times as follows: firstly, unstimulated saliva for 5 min (baseline), secondly stimulated saliva for 4 min upon sucking the candy, and finally post-stimulated saliva for 10 min. Saliva pH was determined on a blood gas analyser and WSbeta was estimated from the saliva bicarbonate concentration obtained by the analyser and by ionic balance calculation. The erosive potential of the candy in saliva was estimated from the saliva pH values and degree of saturation with respect to hydroxyapatite (DS(HAp)). The results showed that saliva pH dropped from 6.5 (baseline) down to 4.5 at the fourth minute of sucking the candy, and returned to pH 6.5 five minutes after stimulation (post-stimulated). DS(HAp) decreased upon sucking the candy and saliva from all subjects became undersaturated with respect to HAp. Significant positive correlations were obtained between pH and WSFR (r(s) = 0.47; p < 0.05) and between pH and WSbeta (r(s) = 0.65; p < 0.01). In relation to WSbeta we found that 70% of the buffer capacity originating from the bicarbonate buffer system upon sucking the candy was exerted as phase buffering. We conclude that sucking this type of acidic candies changes whole-mouth saliva composition so that it may have erosive potential and that high WSFR and WSbeta have protective effects against these salivary changes.

Acids↗

PubMed2001

Preventative measures for bulimic patients with dental erosion.

The preventative techniques suggested to bulimic patients are frequently undervalued and ignored in favour of restorative treatment, possibly because the dentist may not be aware of the eating disorder. Educating bulimic patients about fluoride application, the use of brushing techniques, antacids, cheese, xylitol chewing gum and the possible use of mouth guards may minimise the effect of acids. Together with attempts at improving patient compliance they can be a valuable adjunct to treatment of bulimic patients with dental problems. Monitoring the wear on teeth by comparing study casts is a good way to maintain control but there are circumstances when restorations are indicated, perhaps when further delay may result in the prognosis of the teeth being compromised. Following a brief introduction to causes of bulimia and the consequences to the dentition, this paper, based on a literature review, considers patient-orientated techniques for prevention and provisional management of erosion of dental hard tissues for patients with bulimia nervosa.

Antacids↗

PubMed1998

A videofluoroscopic comparison of straw and cup drinking: the potential influence on dental erosion.

OBJECTIVE: Videofluoroscopy was used to compare drinking from a cup with drinking through straws of two varying bore diameters in different positions in the mouth. DESIGN: Clinical study at a single centre. SETTING: UK dental school. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty patients showing clinical signs of erosion which had necessitated advice and/or treatment. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects drank from a cup and through a narrow straw, which was then repositioned more posteriorly. A wide bore straw was used in two equivalent positions. Swallowing was viewed laterally and anteroposteriorly to assess involvement of incisors and molars respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Video recordings examined for presence or absence of fluid contact with teeth following each swallow. If contact occurred, the time was measured. RESULTS: Fourteen patients avoided fluid contact with both incisors and molars when using a straw. Compared with the cup, significant differences were found with the narrow straw (P = 0.03, 95% confidence interval of 22.6% to 31.6%), the narrow straw repositioned (P = 0.008, 95% confidence interval of 12.3% to 47.1%) and the wide straw repositioned (P = 0.03, 95% confidence interval of 3.1% to 37.5%). Contact time of fluid with anterior teeth was also significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Drinking through a straw positioned toward the back of the mouth may reduce the erosive potential of soft drinks.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

Effects from pretreatment of stannous fluoride versus sodium fluoride on enamel exposed to 0.1 M or 0.01 M hydrochloric acid.

Preventing enamel erosions caused by acidic soft drinks or from vomiting during eating disorders is a challenge in current dental research. The aim of this study was to examine whether pretreatment of dental enamel with a solution of 0.4% SnF2 could prevent dissolution of human enamel exposed to solutions of 0.1 M HCl, pH 1.2 or 0.01 M HCl at pH 2.2. Human enamel was pretreated for 18 h with a solution of 0.4% SnF2 and with control solutions of 2% NaF or distilled water, and then exposed to HCl solutions. Similar experiments were performed with teeth treated for 2 min SnF2 and then 4 min HCl. The effect was monitored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by chemical analysis. At pH 2.2, NaF and water treatments showed minor inhibition of enamel dissolution, whereas SnF2 inhibited demineralization significantly also after 2 min pretreatment and 4 min HCl exposure. At pH 1.2, SEM showed severe dissolution of the enamel surfaces regardless of pretreatment. As pH of stomach vomit is usually > 1.5, SnF2 may be an interesting agent for use in the treatment and prevention of dental erosions even in patients with frequent vomiting episodes.

Bicuspid↗

PubMed2005

Dental erosion in 12-year-old schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study in Southern Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental erosion among 12-year-old schoolchildren in Joaçaba, southern Brazil, and to compare prevalence between boys and girls, and between public and private school students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving all of the municipality's 499, 12-year-old schoolchildren. The dental erosion index proposed by O'Sullivan was used for the four maxillary incisors. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, location, distribution, and extension of affected area and severity of dental erosion. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental erosion was 13.0% (95% confidence interval = 9.0-17.0). There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between boys and girls, but prevalence was higher in private schools (21.1%) than in public schools (9.7%) (P < 0.001). Labial surfaces were less often affected than palatal surfaces. Enamel loss was the most prevalent type of dental erosion (4.86 of 100 incisors). Sixty-three per cent of affected teeth showed more than a half of their surface affected. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dental erosion in 12-year-old schoolchildren living in a small city in southern Brazil appears to be lower than that seen in most of epidemiological studies carried out in different parts of the world. Further longitudinal studies should be conducted in Brazil in order to measure the incidence of dental erosion and its impact on children's quality of life.

Brazil↗

PubMed1977

Pilot study on dental erosion in a Norwegian electrolytic zinc factory.

In 12 workers in a Norwegian factory using electrolytic methods to extract zinc, a relationship was found to exist between degree of erosion, number of teeth affected and the length of service. The prevalence of caries, abrasion and attrition was not higher than in comparable population groups. The correlation between diagnosis of erosion based on clinical examination, and diagnosis based on evaluation of color slides was good.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Oral conditions among German battery factory workers.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the oral health situation of workers in a modern battery factory; in particular, to describe the prevalence and the severity of dental erosion and attrition in relation to exposure of airborne acids in the work environment. Measurements of the work environment at a German battery factory showed that the workers were exposed to sulfuric acids (0.4-4.1 mg/cm3). All workers at the factory were included in the survey and a total of 61 dentate individuals completed a questionnaire on their work environment, dental health, and symptoms from the mouth, nose, and throat. Information on oral health status, erosion, and attrition was collected by clinical examinations. Nearly all workers reported exposure to etching substances in their work environment: 56% complained of sharp and thin teeth and 29% of short teeth. Poor dental health conditions were observed (e.g. mean D-T = 3.8); the mean number of teeth with crown restoration was 5.3. The prevalence of erosion was 31% and 92% were affected by attrition. Erosion was found only in front teeth while attrition also occurred in posterior teeth. Due to the high level of crown restorations a rather moderate dose-effect relationship was observed. In conclusion, severe erosion and attrition due to sulfuric acid mists should be recognized as an occupational disease.

Acids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Scanning electron microscopy of softened enamel.

After exposing enamel specimens to 0.3% citric acid at pH 3.2 for various times, the acid was titrated to pH 7 before rinsing the specimens in water. After freeze-drying the specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy. This procedure eliminates artefacts due to drying and mineral precipitation. The results showed that the outer region of softened enamel is much more delicate than previously thought, even after short (5- to 20-min) etching times. Mineral was lost from both prism boundaries and the prism bodies, resulting in a surface presenting thin, separate crystal bundles. In further studies, replicas of subsurface pores, created by resin impregnation, showed the softening depth to be several times greater than is suggested by techniques based on removing the softened enamel by physical forces. The results point to a need for improved methods of measuring softening depth. More importantly, it appears that the outer region of the softened layer remaining after an erosive challenge might be too fragile to resist frictional forces in vivo.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed2006

Protective effect of the dental pellicle against erosive challenges in situ.

The acquired dental pellicle helps prevent erosion, but the protection level is unknown. This in situ study tested whether a two-hour pellicle protects against different erosive challenges by orange juice. Subjects wore palatal appliances loaded with either enamel or dentin specimens. Pellicle was allowed to form, or not (control), on the surfaces of the specimens intra-orally for 2 hrs before the erosive challenges of 0 (control), 10, 20, and 30 minutes' duration. Specimens were randomly removed from the appliances after each challenge. Percentage of surface microhardness change (%SMC) was determined for the enamel specimens, and that of mineral loss and lesion depth for the dentin specimens. Enamel specimens with the pellicle showed a significantly lower %SMC, only after the 10-minute challenge. No protection was found for dentin. It was concluded that the acquired pellicle reduced dental erosion, but that this effect was limited to the less severe erosive challenge on enamel surfaces.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Dental caries and dental erosion among 5- and 6-year old and 11- and 12-year old school children in the Hague, the Netherlands. Changing prevalences?].

In 2002 a dental survey amongst 6- and 12-year-old schoolchildren in The Hague had been carried out. The 2002 survey suggested that in the period 1996-2002 the caries prevalence (% of cariesfree children) and the caries experience (mean dmfs/dmft scores) among 6-year-old children did not have changed significantly. Children of low socio-economic status in 2002 had an average higher dmfs/dmft count compared to 6-year-olds of medium and high SES. However, the survey suggested in the period 1996-2002 a significant increase of cariesfree 12-year-old children in low SES. Among 12-year-olds socio-economic differences in caries experience of the permanent dentition have diminished in 2002. In 1998 and 2002 respectively 3 and 23% of the 12-year-olds showed the prevalence of any dental erosion. This increase of the prevalence of dental erosion is in agreement with data from other European countries.

Child↗

PubMed1997

In vitro effects of an acidic by-product feed on bovine teeth.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in vitro erosive effects of sweet potato cannery waste (SPCW) on bovine incisor enamel. SAMPLE POPULATION: 20 bovine mandibles. PROCEDURE: Mandibles were collected and incisors were classified into 3 categories: lacking observable wear, advanced normal wear, or abnormal wear associated with feeding SPCW. Intact mandibles were radiographed. Contralateral normal teeth from the same jaw were used to compare Ca2+ loss (etching) with SPCW, lactic acid (pH 3.2), or SPCW neutralized with NaOH to pH 5.0 or 5.5. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to compare etched and unetched specimens. Two abnormally worn teeth were evaluated histologically. Knoop hardness testing was conducted on unexposed areas of surface enamel and enamel exposed to SPCW. RESULTS: Radiography revealed large periapical abscesses in the mandibles exposed to SPCW. Nearly identical amounts of Ca2+ were removed by SPCW and lactic acid solution at the same pH. Scanning electron microscopy did not indicate consistent differences between etch patterns resulting from exposure to SPCW or lactic acid. Mean rate of calcium removal was 56% higher in deciduous than permanent teeth. Knoop hardness data suggested that softening occurred in enamel exposed to SPCW. Neutralizing SPCW to pH 5.5 eliminated calcium removal. Histologic examination of sections indicated that SPCW degraded and removed some dentin matrix proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to SPCW results in enamel erosion in vitro; low pH is the most likely cause of erosion. Neutralizing SPCW to pH 5.5 eliminated erosive effects. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Confirmation of SPCW's erosive effects on enamel in vitro supported the field diagnosis.

Animal Feed↗

PubMed1998

Dental erosion associated with the use of 'alcopop'--a case report.

A case of dental erosion caused by excessive consumption of alcoholic soft drinks is described. The low pH of the drinks and associated vomiting can cause substantial damage to the dentition. There are no reported cases in the literature of erosion caused by the use of these drinks, and with their increasing popularity it is important that the dental profession is made aware of the possible dental implications relating to their consumption.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hospital mouth-cleaning aids may cause dental erosion.

Maintaining satisfactory oral health in bed-ridden patients often calls for special aids, such as moistened cotton swabs. The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate three commercially available swabsticks meant for hospital use (Dentiswab, Lemon-Glycerin Swabsticks, and Lemon Glycerine Swabs), and one saliva-stimulant chewing tablet (Cassisal), regarding their possible erosive effects on dental enamel. A bovine enamel model system was used. Specimens were incubated for 4 hours in the test solutions made of the products. The results showed statistically significant enamel softening caused by two of the cotton swabs (Lemon-Glycerin Swabsticks and Lemon Glycerine Swabs). Incubation in the solutions made of Dentiswab cotton swabs and Cassisal tablets caused only minimal changes in microhardness. Profilometric measurements supported these results. Stereomicroscopy and SEM showed distinct erosion in specimens treated with the lemon swab solution, while the other two did not cause erosion. Thus, attention should be focused on choosing the less erosive products if special mouth-cleaning aids are used.

Animals↗