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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The Italian experience with SH U 508 A (Levovist) in breast disease.

The authors report their experience with color Doppler US of breast disease with a new parenteral contrast agent--i.e., SH U 508 A (Levovist)--in an international multicenter experimental trial. Over a 9-month period, 17 patients with 19 solid breast lesions were examined. A baseline color Doppler study was performed on every patient, together with a second exam after injecting the contrast agent into a peripheral vein to investigate possible changes in the depiction of tumor vessels, inside and around the lesions. The 19 nodules included 16 infiltrating ductal carcinomas, 2 fibroadenomas and 1 benign phylloid tumor. Levovist improved the depiction of tumor vessels in all cases and helped detect new vascular signals which had been missed on baseline images. The increase in color Doppler signal was graded as marked and mild: in 68.75% of ductal carcinomas and in the benign phylloid tumor signal increase was marked, while in 31.25% of carcinomas and in fibroadenomas signal increase was mild. All lesions exhibited vascular signals both inside and around the lesion; many afferent poles were also depicted. Our results demonstrate that conventional color Doppler semiology changes with the use of a contrast agent and pave the way for further studies on larger series of cases to assess new diagnostic criteria to differentiate breast lesions according to color Doppler signal patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Risk factors for benign breast disease.

The importance of various risk factors for benign breast disorders has been assessed an analysis of data obtained from a multicenter cohort study of contraceptive use among women in the United Kingdom (the Oxford Family Planning Association Contraceptive Study). Cases comprised all women diagnosed as having any type of benign breast lesion; 74 had fibroadenoma, 211 had histologically confirmed chronic cystic disease, 331 had breast lumps not subjected to biopsy and 70 had other disease. Each case was individually matched with another study participant who was free from recognized breast disease. Matching factors were center of recruitment, date of recruitment, age at entry, and continuation in the study. An inverse association was found between use of oral contraceptives and the risk of the first three conditions. Current users of the pill had the lowest risk, particularly when the use was for an extended period. In contrast, past users demonstrated no reduction in risk. The reduction in risk for chronic cystic disease appeared to relate to the amount of progestogen contained in the pill. No significant association was observed between the risk of any of the conditions and either parity or age at first livebirth. Women of low social class and obese women were at low risk, perhaps reflecting diagnostic biases.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Direct action of estrogen on sequence of progression of human preneoplastic breast disease.

We have used the MCF10AT xenograft model of human proliferative breast disease to examine the early effects of estradiol exposure on morphological progression of preneoplastic lesions and to define the step(s) in the morphological sequence at which estrogen may act. The effects of estradiol on neoplastic progression of estrogen-receptor-positive MCF10AT cells in the orthotopic site were examined in ovariectomized female nude mice that received subcutaneous administration of implants of 17beta-estradiol or placebo pellets. At 10 weeks, histological analysis of the lesions derived from the estrogen-supplemented group revealed that 92% of lesions displayed histological features of atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, or invasive carcinoma, and the remaining 8% exhibited histological features of moderate hyperplasia. These highly proliferative lesions are in marked contrast to the control group in which 60% of samples displayed no evidence of hyperplasia. In contrast with control xenografts, estrogen-exposed xenografts demonstrated extensive areas of papillary growth, adenosis-like areas, prominent host inflammatory infiltration, and angiogenesis. Our results suggest that estrogen exerts a growth-promoting effect on benign or premalignant ductal epithelium by enhancing 1) the frequency of lesion formation, 2) the size of lesions, 3) the speed of transformation from normal/mild hyperplasia to those with atypia, 4) the degree of dysplasia, and 5) angiogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 and -6 in fibrocystic breast disease.

The risk of developing breast cancer is higher in women presenting gross cystic disease (cysts > 3 mm in diameter) of the breast with intracystic K+/Na+ > 3 as compared with K+/Na+ < 3. The present study reports the levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the breast cyst fluid of women with gross cystic disease and analyses the relationship between the intracystic concentration of these cytokines, sex steroid hormones, and the K+/Na+ ratio. The concentration of these cytokines, estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and 17-OH-progesterone were determined in the breast cyst fluid of 54 women with gross cystic disease. No significant differences were found in the cystic levels of IL-1 between cysts with intracystic K+/Na+ < 3 and > 3. However, in cysts with intracystic K+/Na+ > 3 we found a lower concentration of IL-6 and TNF-alpha than in those with intracystic K+/Na+ < 3. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the concentration of IL-6 in breast cyst fluid was predicted statistically by a negative regression coefficient for the concentration of estradiol and DHEA-S, and by a positive regression coefficient for the concentration of TNF-alpha. The concentration of TNF-alpha in breast cyst fluid was predicted statistically by a positive regression coefficient for the concentration of IL-6, and by a negative regression coefficient for the concentration of estradiol. No candidate variable was included in the model to predict concentrations of IL-1 in breast cyst fluid. Our results indicate that IL-6 and TNF-alpha could have a local 'protector' role in gross cystic disease, and that they could be used as a marker to identify cyst type.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1974

Serum antibody in patients with breast disease: Correlation with histopathology.

Antibody to a breast cancer antigen was detected by immunodiffusion or complement fixation in at least one serum sample in 46% of 84 patients with a diagnosis of carcinoma, 34% of 96 patients with fibrocystic disease and 25% of 44 patients with fibroadenoma. A single serum sample obtained from screenees of the Detection Center for Breast Diseases was tested by immunodiffusion only and antibody was found in 3 of 206 screenees (1.5%). Eleven of 13 patients with breast cancer metastatic to lymph nodes and no detectable serum antibody either had recurrence or were dead within 12 months of mastectomy. Fifteen of 18 patients with breast cancer metastatic to lymph nodes and with detectable serum antibody were alive and free of disease for up to 24 months. Histologic slides from patients with a diagnosis of fibrocystic disease or fibroadenoma were reviewed for the presence of ductal epithelial hyperplasia. Ductal epithelial hyperplasia was present in a similar per cent of patients with no detectable serum antibody as those with antibody detected in the serum. Severe sinus histiocytosis of the axillary lymph nodes was present in 45% of those cancer patients with serum antibody and only 11% of those cancer patients with no detectable serum antibody.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed2005

Cryoablation and cryolocalization in the management of breast disease.

Cryotechnology is currently used for both treatment and diagnosis of breast disease. Due to the natural analgesic effect of cold, cryoablation is potentially more patient-friendly than other technologies which raise tissue temperature. Freezing produces a predictable volume of necrosis and is easily observed and controlled during treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that, as a primary therapy for breast fibroadenoma, cryoablation is safe and effective with durable results that can be reproduced in community practices. Certain barriers do exist before cryoablation, or any other in situ ablation, can become a standard therapy for the treatment of localized breast malignancy. Investigations are underway to refine patient selection criteria and develop valid confirmatory assays so that clinical trials can begin. Cryolocalization, which creates a well-delineated, palpable mass of frozen tissue encompassing a tumor, is a relatively new application of cold in medicine. This strategy promises to reduce positive margin rates during lumpectomy of non- or barely-palpable tumors. Finally, cryotechnology now also aids in the collection of tissue for histological analysis.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Ceruloplasmin level in women with breast disease. Preliminary results.

The average ceruloplasmin levels of 29 patients with active breast cancer and 22 patients in remission were 824 +/- 61 mg/l and 630 +/- 18 mg/l respectively. The average ceruloplasmin level of 17 patients with benign breast diseases was 555 +/- 29 mg/l and of 18 healthy women in a control group 584 +/- 17 mg/l. Breast cancer patients not in remission had ceruloplasmin levels which were significantly increased when compared to the other 3 groups. The CA 15-3 levels and ceruloplasmin levels were positively correlated. We propose that ceruloplasmin may be used as a tumour marker in the follow-up of patients with breast cancer.

Adult↗