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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Levamisole and splenin in combined therapy of patients with bronchiectasis].

Follow-up of 114 patients with bronchiectasis has demonstrated that immunomodulation agents levamisole and splenin included in combined treatment augment their therapeutic effect and normalize the immune status of patients. This is manifested by normalization of the amount and functional activity to T-lymphocytes, the content of IgG, IgM and IgA and the autoimmune shifts. A favourable effect was encountered significantly more often than that in patient who were treated by the traditional methods without the use of the immunomodulation agents and in those who were given only levamisole and splenin together with anti-bacterial and hygienic therapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

[The ultrastructure of the ciliary epithelium in patients with the Zivert-Kartagener syndrome, bronchiectasis and cystic hypoplasia of the lungs].

Ultrastructure of the cilia of the bronchial epithelium was studied in 26 patients with Zivert-Kartagener syndrome, 12 patients with bronchiectasis and 10 patients with cystic lung hypoplasia. All changes of the cytolemma and cytoskeleton are found to be of a combined type. The degree of the bronchial inflammation was of the decisive influence on the state of the ciliary cells. Common features of the ultrastructural alterations are noted in the groups of patients compared. Ultrastructural defects characteristic for the patients with the Zivert-Kartagener triad were not found. It is concluded that all the ultrastructural defects of the ciliary epithelium were of the acquired character.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

[Pulmonary sequestration associated with localized cystic bronchiectasis and funnel chest].

A 37-year-old woman, who presented with low grade fever and productive cough, was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on chest X-ray film. On physical examination, she had bilateral hallux valgus and funnel chest, the center of which was at the fifth rib on the right edge of the sternum. Since chest CT scan, selective bronchography, pulmonary arteriography and aortography revealed that she had pulmonary sequestration in the right cardiophrenic region associated with localized cystic bronchiectasis in the right S7b, she received right lower lobectomy. Histological examination showed the cystic change of bronchioli and a small number of emphysematous alveoli in the right S7b adjacent to the sequestered lung. The bronchopulmonary structure of right S7a was almost intact. It might be speculated that the existence of the sequestered lung constituted to the deterioration of the development of the lung and the rib cage adjacent to it.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Bronchiectasis treated with negative extra-thoracic pressure ventilation].

A 25-year old man with 5-year history of bronchiectasis was admitted to the ICU complaining of severe shortness of breath. He had a respiratory rate of 40 to 50 breath/min. On 0.5 l/min of oxygen with nasal cannula, arterial blood pH was 7.39, Paco2 52.3 mmHg, Pao2 45.0 mmHg. Then, on 1 l/min of oxygen, Pao2 was unchanged, but Paco2 increased to 58 mmHg. As his consciousness was so clear, we applied to him the negative extra-thoracic pressure ventilator which was designed by the authors. Negative extra-thoracic pressure ventilation (NETPV) was maintained at a IMV rate of 30 breath/min, peak negative extra-thoracic pressure of -20 to -30 cmH2O, and an inspiratory/expiratory ratio of 1:2. During NETPV, his respiratory rate and oxygen consumption were decreased and Pao2 was increased compared with his spontaneous breathing. He made a recovery from dyspnea, especially, he was able to take a deep breath. When NETPV was applied to him, pulmonary artery and arterial catheterizations revealed that central venous pressure was slightly decreased, cardiac index unchanged or slightly decreased, heart rate, systemic blood pressure, and pulmonary arterial pressure unchanged compared with spontaneous breathing. The patient was able to read books and maintained communication in his voice with his family and the medical staff. After 3 days of the treatment with NETPV, a marked improvement was noted and the patient was discharged from the ICU. NETPV has the benefits as follows. First, it is very easy for both a patient and a doctor to assist his breathing because an endotracheal intubation is not necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Partial deficiency of cell-mediated immunity in some cases of bronchiectasis (author's transl)].

Two case-reports are presented to support the hypothesis that bronchiectasis may occasionally be associated with a partial deficiency of T lymphocyte functions. This deficiency would represent another etiology of the heterogenous sino-pulmonary syndrome of which several causes have been identified or postulated: immunoglobulin deficiency, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, mucociliary abnormality, phagocytosis or bactericidia abnormalities, etc.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mucociliary clearance in relation to clinical features in patients with bronchiectasis.

Patients with bronchiectasis collected from a register covering all hospital stays within the county of Stockholm were asked to participate in a study of lung mucociliary clearance. Twenty-one patients inhaled 6 um Teflon particles labelled with 99mTc and radioactivity was measured externally. The patients were also clinically classified. Clearance varied from normal to extremely slow. The average retention at 2 hours was significantly higher in the patients, 65+27%, (mean +/- SD) than in healthy nonsmokers, 36+22%. Clearance was more impaired the more generalized the airway symptoms were, the more continuous they were, and the earlier in life they had started, all features which indicate a coherence with the immotile cilia syndrome, an obvious "model disease" in this context. Clearance was studied separately in two lungs in 18 patients and was similar in both lungs with one exception. A full presentation of this investigation is submitted to Eur. J. Respir. Dis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Inflammation: a two-edged sword--the model of bronchiectasis.

A short-lived, controlled inflammatory response by the host is required to protect against incursions by foreign material into the upper and lower respiratory tract. If this response fails to eliminate the aggressor, inflammation is amplified and becomes chronic in an attempt to rectify the situation. This unsuccessful response is poorly controlled and caused damage to surrounding normal tissue, leading to progressive disease. Hence, inflammation can be helpful or harmful--a two-edged sword. Chronic bronchial sepsis, of which bronchiectasis is an example, and chronic sinusitis display the hallmarks of this 'vicious circle' of host-mediated, inflammatory tissue damage and provide a useful model in man in which to ask questions, the answers to which provide valuable information about the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory disease of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mucociliary clearance in relation to clinical features in patients with bronchiectasis.

Patients with bronchiectasis were collected from a register covering all hospital stays within the county of Stockholm. They were asked to come for an interview, a clinical examination and to participate in a study of lung mucociliary clearance. The subjects inhaled 6 microns Teflon particles labelled with 99mTc and radioactivity was measured externally. Clearance varied from normal to extremely slow. The average retention of the Teflon particles at 2 h was significantly higher in the 21 patients, 65 +/- 27% (mean +/- SD), than in healthy nonsmokers, 36 +/- 22%. Clearance was more impaired the more generalized the airway symptoms were, the more continuous they were, and the earlier in life they had started; all features which indicate a coherence with the immotile cilia syndrome, an obvious "model disease" in this context. Clearance was studied separately in the two lungs in 18 patients and was similar in both lungs, with one exception.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bronchiectasis in urban black children.

From July 1979 to July 1982, 29 cases of childhood bronchiectasis were encountered at Leratong Hospital. They were retrospectively divided into two groups: 16 patients underwent surgical intervention and the other 13 patients received medical treatment only. Symptoms and signs were reviewed and findings on bronchography were studied. The left lower lobe was the most common site of involvement, and the lingular segment was invariably also affected by bronchiectatic changes. Ten of the surgical patients (63%) underwent pneumonectomy. In 75% of the surgical group there was an excellent or good result after surgery, while a good result was achieved in 40% of those receiving medical treatment only. We have reviewed other large series to compare surgical and medical management, and discuss factors that may influence the outcome of surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Nebulized amoxicillin in chronic purulent bronchiectasis.

Nebulized amoxicillin (500 mg twice a day) was given for four months to six patients with bronchiectasis. The patients had continually produced purulent secretions, which had failed to clear (purulent to mucoid) when amoxicillin was given orally (3 gm twice a day). All patients found the nebulization technique acceptable, and no acute effect on lung function was seen. There were significant reductions in sputum purulence (P less than 0.025) and volume (P less than 0.05) and a mean (+/- SD) increase in peak expired flow rate (P less than 0.05) from 230.5 +/- 79.2 L/min to 255 +/- 90.1 L/min. These improvements occurred despite the fact that apparently resistant bacteria were cultured. No adverse effects were noted. The response to nebulized amoxicillin after failure with the same drug given orally suggests that local concentrations of antibiotic in the lungs of these patients is important.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Severe disseminated lung disease and bronchiectasis probably due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Severe disseminated lung disease causing acute respiratory failure developed in a previously healthy 6 1/2-year-old boy. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was implicated and a complement-fixing antibody titre of 1:1024 against this organism was detected. At autopsy bronchiectasis was found, affecting chiefly the right middle and lower lobes. The unusual radiologic and pathologic findings are discussed.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

Carcinoma of the colon, sclerosing cholangitis, pericholangitis, and bronchiectasis in a patient with chronic ulcerative colitis.

We report a patient with long-standing ulcerative colitis who developed carcinoma of the colon, sclerosing cholangitis, pericholangitis, and bronchiectasis over the course of 10-15 years. Occurrence of these rare conditions in the same patient supports their reported association and reemphasizes that there may be multisystem involvement in ulcerative colitis.

Bronchiectasis↗
PubMed1984

[Immediate results of segmental pneumonectomy in bronchiectasis].

An analysis of case histories of 225 patients with bronchiectasis subjected to lung resections of various volume has shown high efficiency of isolated and associated resection of the basal pyramid with an intact apical segment. The apical segment remaining intact gives positive effects on the rearrangement of the architectonics of the bronchial tree preventing a considerable displacement of the remaining bronchi. The postoperative period in the patients who had an additional treatment of the wound surface of the sixth segment was more favorable as compared with the patients with open wounds.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The postoperative course in 82 cases of bronchiectasis (author's transl)].

After a description of their clinical and radiological characteristics, the authors analyse the postoperative course in 82 cases of bronchiectasis. Whilst the severity of postoperative complications tends to decrease, a large number remains. Long term results were good in 82% of cases but were related to the age of the patients, and the extent of the lesions and the excision. As a result, success is dependent upon the decision concerning the indication for surgery, but also the quality of postoperative surveillance which must be rigorous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The localization of protein gene product 9.5 in the lungs of children with bronchitis and bronchiectasis].

Human respiratory tract has a rich innervation with nerve fibers. Presence and distribution of nerve elements labeled with protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) were studied in the lungs of children with bronchitis and bronchiectasis. Smooth myocytes, blood vessels and mixed glands of the walls of bronchi principales were surrounded with single PGP-positive nerve fibers in perichondrium grows smaller with age. Nerve fibers also surround lymph nodules of the bronchi principales mucosa. Small or medium number of them in nerve plexuses and surround basically blood vessels. As neuropeptide function in respiratory tract vary, they may be of certain importance in pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. Morphological base of this suggestion was given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Transpericardial completion pneumonectomy with omental pedicle flap for chronic empyema caused by bronchiectasis].

A 61-year-old man received right middle and lower lobectomies for lung abscess caused by bronchiectasis in 1957. Since the right upper lobe was destroyed and multiple peripheral bronchopleural fistulae developed later, open thoracostomy was done in 1990. For this patient we performed transpericardial completion pneumonectomy with omental pedicle flap in 1993. He was complicated in a transient thoracic empyema. But he recovered by open drainage followed by surgical closure using Clagett's method and remains well 2 years after the radical operation. Transpericardial approach with omental pedicle flap though a median sternotomy seemed useful to prevent the postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula in this patient with thoracic empyema. But the primary closure of the empyema cavity should not be done, if dead space remains in the pleural cavity.

Bronchiectasis↗