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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Dimensions of somatization and hypochondriasis.

A significantly large group of patients who communicate their psychosocial distress in the form of physical symptoms are called somatizers. They tend to overuse medical services. The syndromes with which they present have indistinct boundaries, and there tends to be some fluidity of their symptomatic presentations. Underlying psychiatric disorders such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders (including obsessive compulsive disorder), and personality disorders are frequently present.

Conversion Disorder↗
PubMed1991

Effect of concurrent distraction on communication failures in schizophrenic patients. II. Medication status correlations.

In order to examine the effects of irrelevant distracting information on speech disorder, medicated (n = 13) and unmedicated (n = 18) schizophrenics were compared to a mixed affective sample (n = 15) on the frequencies of linguistic measures of verbal communication disorder. Patients conversed with an interviewer during the presence and absence of irrelevant information inserted into their conversation. Affective patients manifested no distraction-related increase in communication disorder. Schizophrenics on medication manifested a small, but nonsignificant, increase in communication disorders during the concurrent distraction condition. Unmedicated schizophrenics manifested a substantial increase in their communication disorders during distraction. These data suggest that medication reduces the extent to which speech processes in schizophrenia are vulnerable to overload-related deterioration and provide confirmation of the hypothesis that some component of positive thought disorder in schizophrenia is due to medication-responsive attention deficits.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Psychosomatic diseases of adolescents].

Psychosomatic reactions and disturbancies occur frequently in adolescence. Their dramatic presentation is characteristic for the inner feeling of uniqueness, instability and loneliness of this phase of life. Grownups seem far away and unable to understand what is really going on. The pediatrician being consulted needs special interest and knowledge of the specific dynamics of adolescence and should remember his own youth. He should avoid involving the patient into unnecessary and harmful physical examinations, because they tend to aggravate and fixate the symptom. He must succeed as competent listener without reminding the youngster of the wellment advises of parents and teachers. Often he will feel entangled into a voyage through a jungle of emotions and somatic signals where his function will be to guide and accompany his young patient safely out into the light of adulthood. This paper presents a pediatric and psychodynamic approach to some frequent psychosomatic disorders of adolescence. It discusses Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Somatisation Syndrome, Conversion Syndrome, suicidal attempt and physical conditions affected by psychological factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of four diagnostic systems for the diagnosis of somatization disorder.

This article compares the Feighner criteria, the DSM-III criteria for somatization disorder and a modified version of the proposed ICD-10 criteria. Working with a data set collected from the charts of 250 patients considered likely to have unexplained somatic symptoms, the kappa statistic and percentage agreement was calculated. The kappa between the DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria is 0.93. Between the modified ICD-10 and DSM-III it was 0.71, but between Feighner and the modified ICD-10 it was 0.44. However, the different criteria identify the same patient population based on mental co-morbidity and demographics. The authors suggest that the modified version of the proposed ICD-10 should be investigated further, as it can use data sets previously collected for assessments of somatization disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The relationship between psychopathology and speech and language disorders in neurologic patients.

Depression, anxiety, and conversion reaction are common in neurologic patients. These disorders can produce neurologic-like symptoms that either mask or intensify those produced by the neurologic disease. This paper reviews clinical and research findings relating psychopathology to the formation and remediation of speech and language disorders in neurologic patients. The need to consider the psychosocial and psychopathological aspects of neurologic communicative disorders, and the link between emotional and communicative processes, are emphasized. Diagnostic criteria for the identification of psychogenic communicative disorders are outlined.

Communication Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Psychogenic stuttering of adult onset.

The characteristic features of psychogenic stuttering of adult onset are reviewed and four cases of this disorder are presented. Psychogenic stuttering of adult onset is best classified as a conversion reaction, and tentative criteria for this diagnosis are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

Neuro-otological emergencies.

PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: Physicians find acute vertigo a diagnostic challenge. This article review recent evidence outlining the clinical presentation of acute central and peripheral dizzy syndromes and suggest when clinicians may consider acute neuro-imaging. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent evidence highlights the difficulty that acute vertigo may sometimes pose to the clinician. For example, migrainous vertigo may have oculomotor abnormalities suggestive of either central neurological or peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Furthermore, vertebrobasilar stroke syndromes may mimic peripheral disorders such as vestibular neuritis, or when there is hearing involvement may be misdiagnosed as Meniere's disease. In addition to the need for identifying serious conditions in acute vertigo, recent evidence suggests that early steroid treatment in vestibular neuritis may improve long term outcome. Further trials regarding symptomatic outcome are required, however, before routine use of steroids can be recommended in this condition. SUMMARY: Recent findings have not made the assessment of acute vertigo any easier for the nonspecialist. Although the commonest vertigo syndromes are benign, serious conditions such as stroke may masquerade as a peripheral labyrinthine disorder and conversely benign conditions such as migrainous vertigo may have clinical characteristics of central disorders. These findings re-emphasize the need for a thorough clinical evaluation of the acutely dizzy patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Psychiatric presentation of disseminated lupus erythematosus. When "calling wolf"].

INTRODUCTION: Neurological or psychiatric manifestations are frequent during systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). When faced with acute psychiatric symptoms, it is important to envisage the possibility of an organic origin. OBSERVATION: A 36 year-old woman consulted for motor deficiency of the right lower body and paresthesia of the left arm. She exhibited severe psychiatric disorders suggesting conversion hysteria, mania, paranoia and acute psychosis. The existence of an acute delusional disorder, associated with an episode of articular lupus 7 years earlier, led to the diagnosis of SLE. DISCUSSION: The physiopathology of delusional disorders in patients exhibiting SLE is not well known. According to one hypothesis, ribosomal anti-protein P antibodies would bind to the neurones in certain cerebral localizations. Above all, knowledge of lupus in the course of delusional disorders has important therapeutic consequences, particularly on the use of high doses of corticosteroids.

Adult↗