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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Infection-related morbidities in the mother, fetus and neonate.

Only partially understood host defense mechanisms operate against infections affecting maternal and fetal morbidity. Subclinical ascending infections through the lower female genital tract are predominant worldwide. Important micronutrient deficiencies may prevail in low-income countries where these infections are much more common than in high-income countries. Important morbidities related to poor perinatal outcome both for the mother and for the fetus and newborn comprise preterm birth, prelabor rupture of membranes, placental abruption (predelivery detachment of the placenta), postpartum sepsis and maternal anemia. In the fetus, sepsis and intrauterine growth retardation are suspected to be consequences of ascending maternal infections. In the newborn, septicemia and respiratory disorders as well as some neurological disorders seem to be consequences of such ascending genital infections in the pregnant woman. It is concluded that much more attention should be given to efforts to elucidate the host defense mechanisms and antimicrobial barriers from the vagina through the cervix, fetal membranes and amniotic fluid including the early fetal immunocompetence in the second and the third trimester of pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed2000

[Cloning and associated physiopathology of gestation].

Normal fertile offspring can be produced with nuclear transfer (NT) of somatic cells. This technique is associated with important gestational losses in early pregnancy during the first two to three months and in the late fetal and perinatal periods in cows. In cows and sheep, recent studies suggest that early losses may be associated with placental vascularisation deficiencies. In late gestation and at term, a syndrome, commonly called the large offspring syndrome (LOS), causes important perinatal deaths. This syndrome is associated with increased fetal and placental growth, disturbed placental function and fetal abnormalities. Moreover, prolonged gestations are common. Live offspring occasionally exhibit a respiratory distress syndrome and several types of abnormalities that may hinder their survival. This paper reviews the current knowledge about these pathologies and their incidence in somatic and embryonic cloning.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Use of Wigglesworth classification for the assessment of perinatal mortality in Bangladesh--a preliminary study.

The Wigglesworth pathophysiological classification was used to analyse perinatal deaths occurring in 5 health centres in Bangladesh. The aims were to assess the feasibility of this classification, to determine the causes of perinatal deaths and thereby to identify the areas in need of intervention. A total of 8058 births were recorded at 5 centres during the period of 11 months from mid-January to mid-December 2001. There were 1069 deaths in the perinatal period. Stillbirths were slightly more frequent (53.5%) than early neonatal deaths (46.5%). Among the stillbirths, fresh stillbirths predominated over normally formed macerated ones at all centers except BIRDEM, where the majority (52.5%) was macerated. The majority (71.6%) of perinatal deaths were in the groups comprising asphyxial conditions (46.8%), conditions associated with immaturity (13.3%), and normally formed macerated stillbirths (NFMSB, 11.5%). In the group, 'other specific conditions' which was responsible for 9.3% of perinatal deaths, all but one case was attributed to sepsis. When the cases were subdivided by birth groups, asphyxia predominated in all but the <1000g group, in whom immaturity was responsible. Conditions associated with immaturity were second highest in number. The majority of the perinatal deaths (83.4%) was in babies less than 2500g. The study has shown that the Wigglesworth classification can be used in different types of health facilities in Bangladesh by doctors, nurses and midwives. The areas which need intervention are antepartum care, obstetric and newborn care practices, and environmental factors responsible for the high prevalence of prematurity and low birth weight.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1979

Fetal respiratory movements observed by ultrasound during abnormal pregnancies.

Observations of fetal respiratory movements were carried out during 35 pregnancies with complications likely to indicate increased fetal risk. Fetal breathing was demonstrated in 25 of 35 patients studied, and in 29 of 47 separate examinations. Of 17 patients delivering after 36 weeks gestation in whom observations were made with two weeks of delivery, three did not demonstrate fetal breathing. Infants born from these pregnancies were severely growth retarded in two instances and light for dates in the other. Although absent fetal breathing is likely to detect increased fetal hazard near term, the time and expense needed for accurate recording of fetal breathing will restrict application of the technique in the meantime.

Female↗