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PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of in vitro susceptibilities of Bacteroides and Fusobacterium species in inland southern California to published patterns as a guide to empiric therapy.

Anaerobic bacteria, particularly the Bacteroides group, are becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobials. Anaerobic susceptibility testing is often not done routinely in clinical laboratories, causing clinicians to depend on national survey results or susceptibility patterns published by different centers. In this study, we have determined anaerobic susceptibility patterns of 200 clinical isolates of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli from four hospitals in the inland countries of southern California (Inland Empire). Of 11 antibiotics tested, metronidazole and chloramphenicol were the most active, with no resistance noted, followed by imipenem, ticarcillin/clavulanate, and ampicillin/sulbactam. Among cephalosporins, cefoxitin was the most active and cefotetan the least. Significant differences in the susceptibility pattern to cefoxitin were observed in one hospital. Differences between our inland patterns and those for Los Angeles Wadsworth VA Hospital were seen for cefoxitin in the B fragilis group and piperacillin for B fragilis. We confirmed the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) recommendation for periodic determination of anaerobic susceptibility patterns. We also suggest that clinical laboratories routinely identify anaerobes to the species level to facilitate clinical application of in vitro results.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

12alpha- and 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities from Fusobacterium spp.

On screening fecal organisms for hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities applicable to bile acid metabolism studies, we have isolated a gram negative "Bacteroides-like" anaerobe which yields both 12alpha- and 7alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH) activities in cell-free preparation. At the optimal harvest time of 36 hours, approximately 4500 units 12alpha-HSDH and 360 units 7alpha-HSDH were produced per 10(10) viable cells. The two enzymes appear to be separate entities in the basis of their stabilities on freezing, and prolonged storage at room temperature and elution volumes on Sephadex G 200. Thin layer chromatography studies on oxidation products confirmed the respective sites of oxidation to be the 12alpha-OH and 7alpha-OH position. No 3alpha-OH oriented activity was measurable. Preliminary kinetic studies of the 12alpha-HSDH revealed a broad pH curve with optimal activity at pH 9.5. Michaelis constants for glycodeoxycholate and NADP were estimated at 1.5 x 10(-4)M and 3.3 x 10(-5)M respectively.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fusobacterium pneumonia and death following uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty.

A case with a fatal outcome caused by infection with Fuso-bacterium species was seen in a patient recently operated on for heavy snoring with uvulo-palato-pharyngoplasty (UPPP). The mechanism of infection is discussed. It is concluded that a febrile episode seen in patients less than 2 weeks postoperatively should be considered a serious symptom and be treated intensively after thorough examination.

Bacteremia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ecological events in subgingival dental plaque with reference to Bacteroides and Fusobacterium species.

The oral cavity provides a varied habitat supporting the growth of very complex bacterial flora. These bacteria can be broadly divided into two main metabolic groups: saccharolytic bacteria which convert carbohydrates into short chain organic acids and asaccharolytic bacteria which utilize nitrogenous substrates for energy. We studied carbohydrate utilization, the influence of protein hydrolysates on bacterial growth and the fermentation of amino acids in different species to facilitate a clearer understanding of the factors which may control the ecological distribution of bacteria in vivo and provide a basis for the explanation of their role in periodontal diseases and other clinical infections throughout the body.

Amino Acids↗