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Results for “Introversion, Psychological”

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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Is introversion a risk factor for suicidal behaviour in depression?

BACKGROUND: Personality is an important determinant of suicidal behaviour. However, it has been studied little in relation to suicidal behaviour in depression. METHODS: Depressed patients who had attempted suicide (N = 41) were compared with depressed patients who had never attempted suicide (N = 56) and normal controls (N = 56) for their scores on three personality questionnaires. RESULTS: Introversion was the only personality dimension where the post hoc test showed a different pattern between the two groups of depressed patients in their relation to controls. In particular, only depressed patients who had attempted suicide had significantly lower introversion scores than controls. CONCLUSION: The personality dimension of introversion may be a risk factor for suicidal behaviour in depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Disgust and spider phobia.

Twenty-four women with spider phobia and 45 nonphobic women completed the Disgust Questionnaire (DQ; P. Rozin, A. E. Fallon, & R. Mandell, 1984) and the Spider Phobia Questionnaire (SPQ; R. Klorman, T. C. Weerts, J. E. Hastings, B. G. Melamed, & P. J. Lang, 1974). Participants also underwent behavioral tests concerning disgust sensitivity and fear of spiders. Spider phobic women showed stronger disgust sensitivity than nonphobic women, and spiders were found to have a disgust-evoking status that was related to participants' fear of spiders. The relationship between DQ and SPQ was independent of neuroticism and introversion. DQ scores were not associated with a global measure of phobic complaints (i.e., Fear Questionnaire; I. M. Marks & A. Mathews, 1979). Results are consistent with a disease-avoidance model of spider phobia (G. Matchett & G. C. L. Davey, 1991), which emphasizes the role of disgust in spider phobia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Sensory-processing sensitivity and its relation to introversion and emotionality.

Over a series of 7 studies that used diverse samples and measures, this research identified a unidimensional core variable of high sensory-processing sensitivity and demonstrated its partial independence from social introversion and emotionality, variables with which it had been confused or subsumed in most previous theorizing by personality researchers. Additional findings were that there appear to be 2 distinct clusters of highly sensitive individuals (a smaller group with an unhappy childhood and related variables, and a larger group similar to nonhighly sensitive individuals except for their sensitivity) and that sensitivity moderates, at least for men; the relation of parental environment to reporting having had an unhappy childhood. This research also demonstrated adequate reliability and content, convergent, and discriminant validity for a 27-item Highly Sensitive Person Scale.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Why introverts can't always tell who likes them: multitasking and nonverbal decoding.

Despite personality theories suggesting that extraversion correlates with social skill, most studies have not found a positive correlation between extraversion and nonverbal decoding. The authors propose that introverts are less able to multitask and thus are poorer at nonverbal decoding, but only when it is a secondary task. Prior research has uniformly extracted the nonverbal decoding from its multitasking context and, consequently, never tested this hypothesis. In Studies 1-3, introverts exhibited a nonverbal decoding deficit, relative to extraverts, but only when decoding was a secondary rather than a primary task within a multitasking context. In Study 4, extraversion was found to correlate with central executive efficiency (r = .42) but not with storage capacity (r = .04). These results are discussed in terms of arousal theories of extraversion and the role of catecholamines (dopamine and norepinephrine) in prefrontal function.

Arousal↗