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PubMed1999

Primary leiomyosarcoma arising from the greater omentum in a 15-year-old girl.

We present here a case of primary leiomyosarcoma of the greater omentum in a 15-year-old girl. A laparotomy revealed a huge abdominal mass arising from the greater omentum. The tumor accompanied intra-abdominal dissemination, but had not invaded the muscle layer of the gastrointestinal tracts. An almost complete omentectomy and reduction of many disseminated tumors of abdominal wall and mesentery were performed for the case. The tumor was diagnosed as a leiomyoscarcoma by histological and immunohistochemical examinations. After the surgery, combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, ifosfamide, and pirarubicin was carried out. Leiomyosarcoma of the greater omentum in a young girl is extremely rare.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Phase II trial of paclitaxel in leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a gynecologic oncology group study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the activity of paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced or recurrent uterine leiomyosarcoma. METHODS: Patients received 175 mg/m(2) of paclitaxel iv over 3 h. Courses were repeated every 3 weeks until disease progression or adverse side effects supervened. RESULTS: Thirty-four women were entered, but 1 patient was ineligible because of wrong cell type. Median age was 55 years (range: 35-84 years). GOG performance status was 2 in 2 instances, 1 in 9 cases, and 0 in 22 others. Eight patients (23.4%) had received radiotherapy. A median of 2.5 courses was given (range: 1-18). Eleven patients (33.3%) experienced grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 1 (2.9%) had grade 4 thrombocytopenia, and 1 had grade 3 anemia. There were no cases of grade 3 or 4 gastrointestinal or dermatologic toxicity. One patient each developed deep venous thrombosis and a grade 3 allergic reaction. Eight patients (24.2%) had stable disease for at least 2 courses of therapy. Three complete responses were reported (9.1%). CONCLUSION: With the dose and schedule tested, paclitaxel has limited activity in patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma. Modest toxicity suggests that a higher dose of paclitaxel might be evaluated.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Trimetrexate in the treatment of recurrent or advanced leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: a phase II study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the objective response of trimetrexate in patients with advanced or recurrent leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. METHODS: Eligibility was restricted to patients with measurable disease who had received no more than one prior chemotherapy regimen, who had adequate bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function, and who had recovered from previous therapy. Trimetrexate was begun at 5 mg/m2/day orally for 5 days every other week, with dose modifications specified by study design. RESULTS: Of 28 patients entered into the study, 27 were evaluable for toxicity and 23 for response. Prior therapy included radiation (7 patients) and/or chemotherapy (10 patients). Measurable disease was extrapelvic in 20 cases and confined to the pelvis in 3. The overall response rate was 4.3%; there were no complete responses and 1 partial response. Toxicities were mild to moderate with no treatment-related deaths. Hematological toxicity was most common, consisting of leukopenia (grade 1 to 2, 8 patients; grade 3 or 4, 2 patients), thrombocytopenia (grade 1 to 2, 10 patients; grade 3 or 4, 1 patient), and anemia (grade 1 to 2, 6 patients; grade 3 or 4, 4 patients. Severe (grade 3 or 4) nonhematologic toxicity was uncommon: nausea/vomiting/gastrointestinal (3 patients) and neurological (1 patient). Progression-free and overall survival, in months, was 2.2 (range: 0.9-13.4) and 7.2+ (range: 1.0-13.4+), respectively. CONCLUSION: Although toxicity is acceptable, trimetrexate at this dose and schedule is ineffective therapy for patients with recurrent leiomyosarcoma. Further development of this specific regimen for this indication is unwarranted.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus with subsequent pregnancy and delivery.

BACKGROUND: Myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus is an extremely rare neoplasm. In young women with this disease, fertility should be considered in the treatment protocol. CASE: A 20-year-old woman presented with a huge pelvic mass originating from the uterine wall and showing a histopathology of myxoid leiomyosarcoma. Five and one-half years after laparotomy, the recurrent tumor was found and removed. Two years after the second operation, she became pregnant, and delivered a healthy baby by cesarean section. Multiple recurrent masses were evident and removed at cesarean section. She is alive and well without evidence of recurrence 1 year after delivery. CONCLUSION: The best treatment for this tumor is not established. In young women with a desire to bear children, the management is more controversial.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Rapidly growing esophageal leiomyosarcoma: case report and review of the literature.

We evaluated a 72-year-old woman who was experiencing dysphagia. Esophageal leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed by barium meal study, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), by computed tomography (CT). A barium meal study and esophagoscopy performed 3 months before the diagnosis of esophageal leiomyosarcoma showed no abnormalities. Therefore, the tumor appeared to have grown rapidly during the 3-month period.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Venous invasion in renal vein leiomyosarcoma: case report and review of the literature.

Tumors arising from veins are rare, usually present with nonspecific clinical and imaging findings and almost universally show histology of leiomyosarcoma. This twentieth reported case of primary renal vein leiomyosarcoma demonstrates invasion of the renal vein with endoluminal propagation of tumor into the infrahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC), an unreported manifestation. The combination of CT, ultrasound, and angiographic studies allowed differentiation from renal cell carcinoma by suggesting a tumor arising from the renal vein.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗

PubMed1991

[Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava. Case report and review of the literature].

The leiomyosarcoma of vascular origin is a very rare tumor which is rarely recovered before the disease has reached an advanced stage because of non-specific and late symptoms. This is a report of 3 cases with leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava and a review of the literature. A high local recurrence rate and high frequency of distant metastases are responsible for the bad long-term prognosis. Early hematogenous tumor spread is favored by intraluminal tumor growth. Only complete surgical resection--if necessary with vascular reconstruction--can improve the bad long-term prognosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1988

Indium 111 antimyosin for the detection of leiomyosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.

111In-antimyosin monoclonal antibody complex passes through damaged myocardial cell membranes and binds to the intracellular myosin. Normal myocardial and other muscle cells show no uptake. Rhabdomyosarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma cells also contain intracellular myosin and the cell membrane permeability is greater than normal. Significant uptake of 111In-antimyosin was observed in patients with Leiomyosarcoma and Rhabdomyosarcoma suggesting that the reagent has a potential for the in vivo detection of these tumour types. Tumour to background ratios of 10:1 were measured in one case and in view of the fact that the site of accumulation is intracellular, antimyosin may have a potential as a carrier for therapeutic agents.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

A two-stage operation successfully performed for giant leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus with hepatic metastasis.

Leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus is a rare neoplasm, with only 95 cases having been reported in the literature. Dysphagia is the most commonly noted symptom, however, because of its location in the submucosal layer, the tumor has usually grown to a considerable size by the time this presents. We report herein a case of a 39-year-old man who had no symptoms other than a 7 month history of a cough. After several investigations, the patient underwent resection of the thoracic and abdominal esophagus with lower lobectomy of the right lung through a right and left thoracotomy. The tumor measured 18 x 15 x 8 cm in length and weighed 1,500 g, being the biggest such tumor ever reported. Forty days after the first operation, an extended right hepatic lobectomy of the liver was performed for hepatic metastasis. He was discharged from the hospital 20 days after the second operation and is now doing well. The clinical features and surgical treatment of leiomyosarcoma of the esophagus are discussed herein.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

The effectiveness of medroxyprogesterone in the treatment of multiple metastasizing leiomyosarcomas: report of a case.

A 51-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for further investigation of chest X-ray films which showed multiple shadows that had been growing slowly over 2 years. Her only symptom was hemosputa. The lesions were suspected of being metastasizing leiomyoma due to her past history of uterine leiomyoma. Just 1 week before undergoing scheduled open lung biopsy, the lung lesions increased remarkably in size and number. A thoracotomy was performed and six of the numerous nodules were removed. The resected specimens were pathologically diagnosed as metastasizing leimyosarcoma which was positive for the progesterone and estrogen receptors. Thus, 1 month postoperatively, a course of medroxyprogesterone (MPA), 600 mg daily, was commenced. The residual lesions in her chest started to diminish, shortly afterward. She has remained well on this MPA regimen for 45 months. The prognosis of patients with metastasizing leiomyosarcoma is poor because of its low sensitivity to chemotherapy; however, some types of leiomyosarcoma are hormone-sensitive. It is therefore important to examine the hormone receptors of excised tumors from patients suspected of having metastasizing leiomyoma or leimyosarcoma.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗

PubMed1978

Ultrastructure of gastric leiomyosarcoma.

Samples of gastric leiomyosarcomas from two male patients (69 years and 57 years of age) were studied by electron microscopy. The tumour cells contained abundant 50--90 A thick microfilaments and microtubules. Another cell type, regarded as immature leiomyosarcoma cell, contained numerous profiles of granular endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes and a well developed Golgi apparatus. There were intercellular junctions of zonula adherens-type between adjacent tumour cells. It was concluded that electron microscopy offers a valuable aid in the diagnosis of gastric neoplasms of smooth muscle origin.

Aged↗

PubMed1988

Multifocal leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine in childhood.

We recently observed a 4-year-old Chinese boy with multifocal leiomyosarcoma of the small intestine with evidence of dissemination. Complete surgical excision was not possible and the response to postoperative chemotherapy was poor. The patient died 3 months after diagnosis. The prognosis for disseminated intestinal leiomyosarcoma in childhood appears to be poor.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1990

Ifosfamide with and without adriamycin in advanced uterine leiomyosarcoma.

Uterine leiomyosarcomas are rare tumours and the results of treatment of advanced disease are poor. Ifosfamide and Adriamycin are both known to be active drugs in soft-tissue sarcomas. We present our experience using ifosfamide alone and in combination with Adriamycin in advanced or recurrent uterine leiomyosarcomas. Ifosfamide alone was given as a 24-h infusion at doses ranging from 5 to 7.5 g/m2, with mesna rescue. In the combination regimen, ifosfamide was given at a dose of 5 g/m2 and Adriamycin, at a dose of 40 or 60 mg/m2. Ten patients were treated with ifosfamide alone, with only one partial response lasting 6 months. In all, 11 patients were treated with ifosfamide and Adriamycin, which resulted in 1 complete response that lasted 11 months. Although many of the patients had extensive disease and some had undergone prior treatment with other chemotherapy, ifosfamide would appear to have only modest activity at the dose and schedule used.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[Leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery--report of 2 cases from clinic practice and review of the literature].

Sarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a rare tumor. Only 81 cases are reported in the international literature. Leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery is seen in 17% of these tumors. Most of them are not recognized during life but accidentally found at autopsy. So primary leiomyosarcoma of the pulmonary artery is a very rare tumor. We report about two new clinical cases and give a review of the literature.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Radiation induced intracranial leiomyosarcoma: its histopathological features.

This is a case of intracranial sarcoma which was recognized 23 years after irradiation therapy for pituitary adenoma. Four operations were performed because of recurrences with a short interval between each operation. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were stained for smooth muscle actin, human muscle actin and vimentin. It was verified as a leiomyosarcoma. This report is the first case of intracranial leiomyosarcoma associated with radiation therapy in pituitary adenoma.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1991

Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum.

Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum is a rare disease and its characteristics have been described previously in the literature. We present a case of duodenal leiomyosarcoma, which was diagnosed by several imaging techniques prior to operation. Findings of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonography, and angiography in this case are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

Computed tomography of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma.

Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 6 patients with gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma. The characteristic CT findings were a large extraluminal mass, apparently mesenteric in location, with central areas of necrosis. These findings were present in 5 of the 6 patients. Enhancement of the rim of the tumor was seen in 2 of 3 patients who had scans before and after administration of intravenous contrast material. CT identified the site of origin of tumor in only 2 patients. The characteristic CT findings should suggest the diagnosis of gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗

PubMed1981

Gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma--unusual sites: esophagus, colon and porta hepatis.

This paper is based on a retrospective analysis of the radiologic findings of 6 newly proven cases of primary gastrointestinal leiomyosarcomas located in unusual sites. The radiographic and angiographic features of esophageal, colonic, and porta hepatis leiomyosarcomas are described and illustrated. General background information together with a brief review of the literature regarding these lesions are provided. The difficulties encountered in the preoperative diagnosis are explained by the protean and non-specific clinical and radiographic features of many of these tumors. In addition, although myomatous tumors of the liver and porta hepatis are angiographically hypervascular, similar tumors of the colon are slight to moderately vascular, and tumors of the esophagus are avascular.

Aged↗