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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity in human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity has been shown to increase in preneoplastic cells in various experimental carcinogenesis models and in some human tumors. This pilot study was undertaken to examine its potential use in detection of sites of human oral carcinogenesis. Samples were taken from 16 surgical specimens: 12 resection specimens for squamous carcinomas and 4 benign mucosal lesions. Twelve of the patients were tobacco users. Diffuse GGT activity was found in all tobacco users and heavy cellular activity in all carcinomas. In four of the carcinoma-resection specimens, occasional cells staining heavily for GGT activity were noted in epithelium distant from the tumor itself. These results are discussed in relation to the potential value of GGT activity as a marker from preneoplastic changes in oral epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Mucocutaneous pigmented spots and oral myxomas: the oral manifestations of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity.

The complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity is a recently recognized syndrome, transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. The most serious component of the disorder is cardiac myxoma, which has caused the death of one fourth of the affected patients and serious disability in an equal number. It is, therefore, important to recognize patients at risk from the syndrome and, in particular, to test them for cardiac myxoma. Fortunately, in many patients the myxoma complex has a clearly visible marker: mucocutaneous pigmentation. Among 58 patients with the syndrome, spotty facial pigmentation was present in 36 (62%), and 29 (50%) of these also had pigmented spots on their lips. This type and distribution of pigmentation should be a clue to the possible presence of the complex of myxomas, spotty pigmentation, and endocrine overactivity, and patients thus affected should be referred for further investigation. Oral cavity myxoma(s) occurred in four patients with the syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Factor XIIIa-containing cells and fibrosis in oral and maxillofacial lesions: an immunohistochemical study.

The distribution of subunit A of blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIIIa) was investigated by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method in various oral and maxillofacial tissues. These tissues were from normal tongue, gingiva, lip, and submandibular gland, and from Dilantin gingival hyperplasia (one case), pyogenic granuloma (three cases), peripheral fibroma (four cases), squamous cell carcinoma (seven cases), chronic sclerosing submandibular adenitis (two cases), and fibrous dysplasia of the mandibular bone (one case). The distribution of collagenous components was examined in the same tissues by means of the Sirius red F3BA method. By means of the ABC method, FXIIIa was detected in the cytoplasm of certain connective tissue cells in each of the tissues examined. These FXIIIa-containing cells were sparse in the normal tissues but evidently abundant in the fibrous connective tissue of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions. In the present study, the close relationship between the distribution of FXIIIa-containing cells and that of collagenous components is demonstrated. The role that FXIIIa-containing cells play in the process of fibrosis is discussed.

Collagen↗
PubMed1990

Active HSV-1 immunization prevents the cocarcinogenic activity of HSV-1 in the oral cavity of hamsters.

Previous investigations have demonstrated that herpes simplex virus (HSV) increased the oral carcinogenic activity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) probably by enhancing the DMBA-induced amplification and overexpression of c-erb-B-1 proto-oncogene in hamster buccal pouch epithelium. The present study investigated the effect of active type 1 HSV (HSV-1) immunization on the development of oral cancer induced by HSV-1 and DMBA, alone or in combination, in the hamster buccal pouch. The results were similar to our previous report in that HSV-1 significantly enhanced the oncogenic effect of DMBA, and the numbers of pouches harboring tumor nodules and the numbers and sizes of tumors developed by topical DMBA were significantly increased by HSV-1 inoculation to the site of the DMBA application. Although HSV-1 immunization did not alter the carcinogenic activity of DMBA in animals receiving topical DMBA in combination with mock inoculation, it prevented the cocarcinogenic effect of HSV-1 in animals receiving topical DMBA in conjunction with HSV-1 inoculation. These data indicate that active HSV-1 immunization completely obstructs the co-oncogenic effect of HSV-1 in the oral cavity of hamsters.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1990

Diagnosis of oral hairy leukoplakia by ultrastructural examination of exfoliative cytologic specimens.

Lingual exfoliative cytologic specimens (scrapings) were obtained from 18 patients positive for human immunodeficiency virus with clinical oral hairy leukoplakia. Buccal mucosal scrapings were obtained from 12 of these patients. The specimens were processed for examination by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Sixteen (89%) of the lingual specimens revealed infection of keratinocytes by herpes-type virus. There was no evidence of virus infection in the 12 buccal mucosal scrapings. Fungal hyphae were seen by TEM in 14 (78%) of the lingual scrapings and two (17%) of the buccal scrapings. One exfoliative specimen and two biopsy specimens were stained for Epstein-Barr virus DNA with a DNA probe. The demonstration of herpes-type virions by TEM in keratinocytes from a lesion clinically suspected to be hairy leukoplakia provides direct, objective diagnosis. Furthermore, use of exfoliative cytologic specimens provides a clinically simple, noninvasive technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Recurrent intraoral osseous choristoma. Report of a case.

The osseous choristoma of buccal soft tissue (intraoral soft tissue osteoma) is a rare entity that is reported not to recur after removal. A case involving the first documented recurrence of such a lesion is reported, and a review of the literature is presented.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1991

Detection of human papillomavirus DNA by in situ DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction in premalignant and malignant oral lesions.

The sensitivity of detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in premalignant and malignant oral lesions by in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were compared. With both methods HPV DNA was found in 4 of 24 cases of epithelial dysplasia, 4 of 14 cases of verrucous hyperplasia, and 1 of 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. The 10 cases of smokeless tobacco keratoses and 3 cases of verrucous carcinoma that we examined were all negative for HPV DNA. The PCR for the E6 open reading frame of HPV-16 correctly identified all cases that were positive by ISH. Only a single case that was positive by PCR was negative by ISH for HPV DNA. However, the PCR demonstrated the presence of HPV-16 infection in one case, which had hybridized most intensely with the probe for types 31/33/35 in the ISH. This discrepancy probably is due to the high degree of cross-hybridization in the ISH assay. PCR appears to be an effective technique for identifying HPV-16 DNA sequences in biopsy material from premalignant and malignant oral lesions.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

In situ DNA hybridization analysis of oral papillomas, leukoplakias, and carcinomas for human papillomavirus.

Twenty-one papillomas, 23 ordinary benign keratoses, 13 smokeless tobacco keratoses, 10 verrucous hyperplasias, 10 verrucous carcinomas, 17 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 epithelial dysplasias, and 6 lichen planus lesions were evaluated for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35, with biotinylated double-stranded DNA probes by in situ hybridization. Sixty-two percent (13/21) of oral squamous papillomas were positive for HPV DNA. HPV DNA types 6 and 11 demonstrated the strongest reactivity. Of the 13 cases, 10 also showed some reactivity with HPV-16/18 and -31/33/35. None of the cases of keratoses, epithelial dysplasia, squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous hyperplasia, verrucous carcinoma, or lichen planus were positive for HPV DNA. This study confirms the consistent and frequent finding of HPV DNA in oral squamous cell papillomas and the inconsistency of being able to identify HPV DNA in keratotic, premalignant, or cancerous lesions of the oral mucous membranes.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1991

Study of human papillomavirus in oral epithelial dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma in the absence of tobacco and alcohol use.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are implicated in the etiology of benign and malignant mucosal lesions in both human beings and animals. The oncogenic role of HPV in malignant cervical lesions is well supported by DNA hybridization techniques and epidemiologic studies. However, the role of HPV in oral epithelial dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma remains speculative. In this study the in situ hybridization technique was used to detect HPV genotypes 6 and 11; 16 and 18; and 31, 33, and 35 in tissue specimens from a study group consisting of 18 patients who were non-tobacco users, or non-tobacco and non-alcohol users, in whom oral epithelial dysplasia and epidermoid carcinoma developed. The hybridization findings were compared with those of a comparable control group of patients with similar lesions who had a history of tobacco and alcohol use. None of the study group cases was reactive with any of the DNA probes. Two cases of the control group showed positive hybridization with HPV DNA probe types 6/11 and 16/18. The implications of these findings are presented and discussed in an attempt to clarify the role of HPV in HPV-associated oral epidermoid carcinomas.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1991

The effects of sucralfate suspension and diphenhydramine syrup plus kaolin-pectin on radiotherapy-induced mucositis.

A prospective, double-blind study compared the effectiveness of sucralfate suspension with diphenhydramine syrup plus kaolin-pectin in reducing severity and pain of radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis. Fourteen patients who received at least 4600 cGy to the oral cavity used one of the mouth rinses four times a day, beginning at 1600 cGy. Data were collected on daily perceived pain and helpfulness of mouth rinse, weekly mucositis grade, weight change, and interruption of therapy. Analysis of data revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups in any parameter. A retrospective review of 15 patients who had received at least 4600 cGy radiation to the oropharynx but had not used a daily mouth-coating rinse, was compared with the study group. Comparison of the two groups suggested that consistent daily oral hygiene and use of a mouth-coating agent will result in less pain and may reduce weight loss and interruption of radiation because of severe mucositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Tuberous sclerosis.

Tuberous sclerosis (epiloia, Bourneville-Pringle syndrome) is an inherited disease with an autosomal pattern. Both sexes are affected equally with varied expression in successive generations. Two cases of this unusual disorder in siblings are reported. They illustrate heredofamilial nature, dissimilar expression, mutations, and oral manifestations.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of epidermal growth factor receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.

Forty-seven cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were examined immunohistochemically by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method with anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor mouse monoclonal antibody, and 24 cases (51%) were shown to have EGF receptor-positive cells. Correlation was strong between presence of EGF receptors and differentiation; the EGF receptor-positive cells were differentiated, whereas poorly differentiated tumors exhibited less intense staining. EGF receptor gene and c-erb B-1 by Southern blot analysis disclosed that one of 25 cases of squamous cell carcinoma exhibited a fourfold amplification of the gene.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1992

Immunohistochemical detection of ras 21 in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

The expression of the ras p21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma was examined immunohistochemically with the use of a monoclonal antibody NCC-RAS-001 with the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The expression of ras p21 product was detected in 65.7% (44 of 67 cases) of cancer patients. On the basis of the degree of histologic differentiation of the cancer cells, the incidence of ras p21 was found to be as follows: 63.4% (26 of 41 cases) were well differentiated; 86.7% (13 of 15 cases) were moderately differentiated; and 45.5% (5 of 11 cases) were poorly differentiated. The highest incidence was found in patients in their sixties--80.0% (16 of 20 cases). The incidence decreased to 40% in patients over 80 years of age. The incidence of ras p21 on the basis of location was as follows: 81.8% (9 of 11 cases) involved the buccal region, 70.6% (12 of 17 cases) were in the gingiva, and 55.0% (11 of 20 cases) were in the tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Human cervical and hamster oral epithelial neoplasia--colposcopic similarities.

Epithelial dysplasias and squamous carcinomas were experimentally produced in the cheek pouches of Syrian hamsters. These lesions were observed and photographed in the living animals with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope at magnifications of 20 and 40 times. Very apparent similarities were noted in the vascular patterns and epithelial configurations between the hamster oral dysplasias and carcinomas and the corresponding lesions seen in published cases of cervical intraepithlial neoplasia and invasive squamous carcinoma. It is speculated that these similarities reflect common factors in the interaction between neoplastic squamous epithelium and its blood supply. These findings are important in understanding the biology of cervical neoplasia and may be useful in the diagnosis and management of human oral neoplasia.

Animals↗