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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Orbital rhinocerebral mucormycosis associated with diabetic ketoacidosis: report of survival of a 10-year-old boy.

Cerebral mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that occurs mostly in association with diabetic ketoacidosis. This central nervous system infection is characterized by a rapid decline in clinical status, and has been recognized as a uniformly fatal event if aggressive therapy is not instituted. We report a diabetic child who presented with blurred vision, chemosis, and pain in the left periorbital region noted for about 1 week during an episode of ketocidosis. Neurologic examinations revealed that there was a decreased range of motion in the upward and lateral gaze, along with incomplete pupillary dilatation and papilledema of the left eye. Imaging studies demonstrated left-side orbital cellulitis, paranasal sinusitis, and a large lobulated abscess in the left frontal lobe. Two surgical procedures, including functional endoscopic sinus surgery for sinus debridement and a subsequent open craniotomy for abscess resection were performed. Pathologic specimens obtained from the abscess wall revealed necrotic inflammation and wide, nonseptate hyphae with right angle branching, which are typical characteristics of the family Mucoraceae. Postoperatively, the patient was treated with 1.5 g of amphotericin B over a 7-week period, and aggressive diabetic control for 2 months. Through the combination of medical and surgical treatment the child made an uneventful recovery.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1998

[Primary cutaneous mucormycosis. A case report].

One case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis developed in the hospital environment is reported. Dressings contaminated by hyphae may have been the cause. In diabetic or immunodepressed patients this disease may be fatal. Incisional biopsy is the only diagnostic tool.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Pulmonary mucormycosis. Two cases].

Mucormycosis is a rare, devastating, opportunistic fungal infection, which occurs principally in some particular conditions, specially in non-controlled diabetic patients, notably during keratoacidosis. We report two cases in 62 and 72 year-old diabetic women. In both cases, histologic examination of endobronchial biopsies showed tissue invasion by hyphae with characteristic morphology leading to the diagnosis of pulmonary zygomycosis. This difficult diagnosis must be evoked in diabetic patients with non-responsive lung infections in order to apply early aggressive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis: a review.

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an acute, often fatal, fungal infection caused by members of the class Zygomycetes and the order Mucorales. The genus Rhizopus accounts for most cases of ROCM. The disease is characterized by fungal hyphal invasion of blood vessels resulting in thrombosis and infarction of the nasal, paranasal sinus, orbital, and cerebral tissues. The most commonly associated condition is diabetes mellitus; other associated conditions include immunocompromised states, renal disease, deferoxamine use, and acidotic states. Common clinical findings include rhinitis, periorbital and facial swelling, facial and mucosal necrosis, ophthalmoplegia, multiple cranial nerve palsies, facial pain, and headache. Definitive diagnosis is made by demonstration of fungal hyphae in tissue specimens. The mainstay of treatment is aggressive surgical debridement of infected tissue and administration of amphotericin B. ROCM has a mortality rate of 40-50%; 70% of survivors are left with residual defects. Early diagnosis and treatment are imperative in the successful management of patients afflicted with this devastating sight- and life-threatening disease.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1963

ACUTE INFLAMMATION AND TISSUE MAST CELLS IN ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS WITH CUTANEOUS MUCORMYCOSIS.

The effects of the absence of adrenal tissues on the inflammatory reaction and on the relationship of the tissue mast cells to the inflammatory process have been studied histologically in rats with cutaneous Rhizopus oryzae infection. Degranulation and regranulation of the tissue mast cells at the site of injury have been found to correlate respectively with the onset and subsidence of the exudative cellular phase of inflammation. In the adrenalectomized animals regranulation of these cells and correspondingly termination of the exudative phase are delayed. In the lesions of these rats the numbers of eosinophiles are increased. The proliferative cellular processes of inflammation, although delayed in onset, progress in essentially normal manner but result in some increased collagen deposition. The lack of adrenal secretions does not enhance fungus proliferation and is not associated with spread of the infection. In the present experiments the effectiveness of inflammation does not differ in normal and adrenalectomized rats.

Adrenalectomy↗