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PubMed1983

Correlation of transrectal sonographic findings in patients with suspected and unsuspected prostatic disease.

Previous reports describing the diagnostic accuracy of transrectal sonography have not documented the specificity of differentiating abnormal internal echoes of the prostate. To determine the specificity of the examination, a prospective study was designed to correlate sonographic findings with histological diagnoses. Gray scale transrectal sonography was performed on 228 patients and the scans were reviewed without clinical information. The sensitivity (true positive rate) was confirmed by histological evaluation in 121 cases to be 90 per cent. The specificity (true negative rate) was determined by histological evaluation as well as subsequent clinical followup to be 60 per cent. Our experience is similar to that of others showing transrectal sonography as a sensitive diagnostic tool. The relatively low specificity demonstrates the difficulty in differentiating the abnormal internal echoes of the prostate, representing malignant and nonmalignant prostatic disease processes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Serum prostatic acid phosphatase determination in prostatic diseases: a critical comparison of an enzymatic and a radioimmunologic assay.

A prospective study comparing a new radioimmunologic and a classical enzymatic assay for prostatic acid phosphatase was done to evaluate their respective roles in patients with prostatic diseases. We studied 50 patients with cancer of the prostate, 101 with benign prostatic hypertrophy and 17 with prostatitis as well as patients with nonprostatic malignancy, and various hematological and bone diseases. The results showed a low incidence of elevated values in patients with early cancer of the prostate and a high incidence of false positive values with the radioimmunoassay in patients with benign prostatic diseases, especially prostatitis. These data suggest that tests for serum prostatic acid phosphatase levels remain disappointing in the assessment of prostatic disease regardless of the technique used.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Burkitt's lymphoma mimicking prostatitis.

We report on a 24-year-old man who had symptoms suggestive of acute pancreatitis but the diagnosis was Burkitt's lymphoma infiltrating the prostate. He was treated with cytotoxic drugs with a good initial response. Voiding improved and the tumor had disappeared completely on rectal palpation. However, the patient suffered a relapse and, despite intensive chemotherapy, he died a few months later with disseminated tumor infiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Reassessment of circle tube nephrostomy in advanced pelvic malignancy.

The dilemma created for and presented to the urologist by the combination of a patient with increasing uremia from advanced pelvic malignancy and a referring physician frustrated by the situation is solved best by individual decisions appropriate for each case. Urinary diversion should be reserved for the occasional circumstance when reasonable life expectancy approaches 6 months or more. Drainage by circle tube nephrostomy provides minimal trouble for patient and physician, while providing excellent relief from the obstructive uropathy. In this series of 20 patients the average survival was 5.3 months. An attempt to assess the quality of life after diversion by circle tube nephrostomy is made.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonic evaluation of the prostatic nodule.

Prostatic nodules detected on rectal examination of 50 patients were evaluated by the usual means and by prostatic ultrasonic scanning. Nodules were characterized as being either malignant, benign, inflammatory or stones. Those patients without evidence of calcification on radiography underwent prostatic biopsy and the histological findings were compared to the ultrasonic study. All histologically confirmed malignancies were diagnosed preoperatively and there were no instances of falsely negative ultrasonic studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Granulomatous prostatitis: confusion clinically with carcinoma of the prostate.

Non-specific granulomatous prostatitis is an inflammatory response of a foreign body type to extravasated prostatic fluid. Its significance is incident to its frequent confusion with carcinoma of the prostate. Noteworthy is the rapidity of onset of irritative and obstructive symptoms in a relatively younger age group than one generally sees in carcinoma of the prostate. Tissue diagnosis in those suspected of carcinoma of the prostate should be established by needle biopsy and conservative measures used for at least 4 weeks in the treatment of obstructive symptoms to allow the inflammatory response to subside before intervening surgically . Most patients frequently have associated benign prostatic hyperplasia with persistent obstructive symptoms and significant residual urine. Transurethral resection of the prostate has been performed in this study without postoperative complications.

Adult↗