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Results for “Radioallergosorbent Test”

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PubMed1987

Allergic predisposition among infants with bronchiolitis.

Allergic predisposition among infants with bronchiolitis was examined. The number of infants with serum IgE exceeding mean +1 SD was 31/70 (44.3%). The rate of positive radioallergosorbent test (RAST) scores of 1 or more to mites, egg white, or milk was 31/71 (43.7%) and that of scores over 2 was 11/71 (15.5%). Eosinophils and/or mast cells were found in their nasal smears on several occasions. These results indicated that allergic predisposition may be observed among infants with bronchiolitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1981

Measurement of alum precipitated allergen extracts of RAST inhibition methods.

The feasibility of measuring the allergenic activities of alum precipitated pollen extracts by means of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) was investigated. Different batches of aqueous and alum precipitated birch and mixed grass pollen extracts were used as antigens. The alum precipitates could be readily dissolved with 0.1 M EDTA (pH 9.0) without any loss in allergenicity. No significant differences in RAST activities of undissolved and dissolved alum precipitated allergen extracts could be detected in terms of ability to inhibit the binding of allergen specific IgE to solid-phase allergens.

Allergens↗

PubMed1995

Comparative study between European and American species of Polistes using sera from European sensitized subjects.

Although the different vespid species of the genus Polistes are found all over the world, studies about allergy sensitization to these species have been made mainly in North America. We studied the specific IgE in a large group of sera from patients sensitized to Polistes dominulus (PD) and determined the crossreactivity with another important European Polistes (P. gallicus [PG]) and with five American relevant species of this genus: P. exclamans (PE), P. fuscatus (PF), P. metricus (PM), P. annularis (PAN) and P. apachus (PAP). Studies indicated that 96.7% of sera with IgE positive to PD were positive to PG. No case positive to just PG was found. The comparison of these two European species with the American relatives indicated that most cases were positive to all the insects although there were significant differences in the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) value. These results were confirmed by RAST inhibition studies, and indicate that although the European and American species are closely related, species specific allergenic differences exist. These data suggest that in vivo studies should be carried out in order to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the European venoms compared with the American species.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

A CD14 gene polymorphism is associated with the IgE level for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.

CONCLUSION: CD14/-159 plays a role in sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Japanese patients with allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE: An association between a polymorphism in the 5'-flanking region of the CD14 gene and atopic phenotypes has been identified in a pediatric American population and an adult Dutch population. The aim of this study was to determine whether the CD14/-159 polymorphism is associated with specific IgE levels in allergic rhinitis patients in a Japanese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The CD14/-159 genotypes of 81 unrelated patients with allergic rhinitis and 78 healthy subjects were determined and compared. The total IgE level and the specific IgE levels for three aeroallergens were determined. The IgE levels for each genotype were compared. RESULTS: The frequencies of CD14/-159 genotypes did not differ between the two groups. Among the allergic rhinitis patients, TT homozygotes had significantly fewer positive CAP-radioallergosorbent tests (CAP-RASTs) than CC homozygotes and CT heterozygotes, suggesting that the C allele is dominant. TT homozygotes also had significantly lower CAP-RAST scores for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, but not for Cryptomeria japonica or Dactylis glomerata, than CC homozygotes and CT heterozygotes. There was no significant association between total serum IgE levels and CD14/-159 genotypes in the allergic rhinitis patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

IgE antibodies to bee venom, phospholipase A, melittin and wasp venom.

Specific IgE antibodies against bee venom, phospholipase A, melittin and wasp venom have been examined in fifty patients with an unusually severe reaction after bee or wasp sting. Two thirds of the bee venom-sensitive patients also have detectable IgE antibodies to wasp venom. More than 50% of the wasp venom-sensitive patients are also allergic to bee venom. Phospholipase A and melittin IgE antibodies were found, respectively, in two thirds and one third of the bee venom-sensitive cases. Specific IgE antibody determinations by the Radioallergosorbent test play an essential role in the diagnostic work. After a reaction to hymenoptera stings both bee and wasp venom tests are necessary due to the high incidence of a false or incomplete identification of the stinging insect. Melittin, known for its potent pharmacological activity and possibly responsible for most of the side effects in bee venom immunotherapy, can probably not be excluded from therapeutic venom preparations since IgE antibodies to the melittin preparation were detected in one third of the cases.

Bee Venoms↗

PubMed1988

Detection in allergic individuals of IgE specific for the Australian paralysis tick, Ixodes holocyclus.

Three techniques were developed to detect IgE specific to Ixodes holocyclus. The radioimmunoassay (RIA) was found to be superior to both radioallergosorbent test and enzyme immunoassay techniques. Validation of the RIA technique was provided by dilution experiments and by a blind study involving 13 volunteers; the RIA graph was linear over a wide range of concentrations. The RIA ratio clearly discriminated between those volunteers with and without systemic allergic reactions and helped to identify borderline cases showing local or cutaneous allergic reactions. It appears to be suitable for diagnostic and research applications.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Allergy to insects in Japan. I. The reaginic sensitivity to moth and butterfly in patients with bronchial asthma.

A high frequency of reaginic sensitivity to moth and butterfly extracts was shown in 66 randomly selected patients with bronchial asthma. Thirty-seven (56.1%) of these 66 patients showed positive intradermal reactions to 1:10,000 dilution of moth allergen and 34 patients (51.5%) had positive reactions to 1:10,000 butterfly allergen. These positive responses were as frequent as those to Candida or house dust which are recognized as the most commonly reactive allergens in Japan. Radioallergosorbent tests (RAST) showed that 20 of 66 sera were positive to moth and 22 sera were positive to butterfly, which indicates that about 1/3 of patients with bronchial asthma had specific IgE to moth and butterfly in the sera. Bronchial testing revealed that skin reaction-positive and RAST-positive patients were commonly provoked by specific allergen but skin reaction-negative and RAST-negative patients were not. These data suggest that moth and butterfly emanations could cause allergy-induced bronchial asthma in certain patients. Since moths are attracted readily to artificial lights and often fly into houses, these insects are especially suspect as important factors in extrinsic asthma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

IgE and IgG4 levels in children with atopic dermatitis.

Serum IgE and IgG4 concentrations were determined in 102 children with atopic dermatitis (AD) of varying severity and activity. Total as well as specific IgE levels, determined by the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), were correlated with disease severity and the coexistence of atopic respiratory diseases. The IgG 4 levels of children with only AD, even in severe cases, were within the normal ranges of healthy children. In contrast, the IgG4 levels of children with both cutaneous and respiratory atopic manifestations were elevated, suggesting that IgG4 are probably associated with respiratory diseases but do not play any role in the pathogenesis of the skin disorder.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

High-performance liquid chromatography of Cladosporium herbarum. Identification of allergens with immunological techniques.

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a gel permeation column was applied to separate components in a crude extract of the mould Cladosporium herbarum. Allergenic activity as well as individual allergens in collected fractions were analyzed by direct radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and fused rocked radioimmunoelectrophoresis (FRRIE), respectively. Thus, information of the molecular weight as well as the importance of the individual allergens were obtained simultaneously in a system showing a high degree of resolution. The study demonstrated that the crude extract of C. herbarum contained allergens mainly in the molecular weight range between 10,000 and 300,000 daltons. The results demonstrated the importance of carrying out both RAST and FRRIE to detect all allergens.

Allergens↗

PubMed1991

Are allergen-specific IgG mainly IgG anti-IgE autoantibodies?

A large proportion of specific IgE occurred in immune complexes with anti-IgE autoantibodies in sera from nonhyposensitized allergic patients. These autoantibodies were misinterpreted as 'specific IgG' in different immunoassays such as dot immunoassays and the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), leading to overestimation of specific IgG. Purified immune complexes contained even more IgG than IgE antibodies. Heating of the complexes liberated specific IgE, producing an upwards RAST class shift. Thus anti-IgE autoantibodies are hiding the specific IgE, which is thereby underestimated. It is not known whether the hiding anti-IgE autoantibodies are also effectively neutralizing circulating or cell-bound IgE and might represent the actual blocking antibody.

Allergens↗

PubMed1985

Cross reactivity studies with platinum group metal salts in platinum-sensitised rats.

Hooded Lister rats were sensitised to the halide salt of platinum ammonium tetrachloroplatinate(II)[(NH4)2PtCl4] in its conjugated form with ovalbumin. Sensitisation was achieved by intraperitoneal injection with Bordetella pertussis vaccine as adjuvant, followed 21 days later by a further injection in saline. The presence of specific anti-platinum IgE antibody was determined by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and radioallergosorbent test (RAST) using the platinum halide salt conjugated to a heterologous carrier. Sera exhibiting positive reactions were pooled and PCA tests performed on the titrated pooled sera with 3 conjugated platinum group metal salts, 5 platinum group metals in their free salt form and 6 platinum salts with differing ligands. PCA challenges with these compounds resulted in significant cross reactivity between ammonium tetrachloroplatinate(II), ammonium hexachloroplatinate(IV) and the conjugated tetrachloroplatinate. There was very limited cross reactivity with other platinum or platinum group metal salts in either free or conjugated forms. Furthermore, these results were confirmed by RAST inhibition studies.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Profilin is a cross-reactive allergen in pollen and vegetable foods.

Sera with IgE antibodies against grass pollen often contain IgE against vegetable foods. We investigated the role of the ubiquitous protein profilin in this cross-reactivity. Profilin was purified from Lolium perenne grass pollen by means of affinity purification with Sepharose-coupled poly(L-proline). This solid phase was also used as capturing agent for profilin from pollen and food extracts for application in a radioallergosorbent test. It was shown that profilin is an allergen in grass pollen and in a wide range of vegetable foods, like potato and celery. Within a grass-pollen-sensitive population, patients with IgE to vegetable foods have a high incidence of antibodies against profilin. IgE antibodies against grass pollen profilin were shown to be cross-reactive with respect to vegetable foods.

Allergens↗

PubMed2004

Monitoring of IgE-mediated food allergy in childhood.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy (FA) in childhood varies from 6% to 8% in the first year of life compared to 1% to 2% in adults. In contrast to adults, FA in childhood, often part of the "allergic march", resolves in more than 85% of children, especially those with hypersensitivity to cow's milk and egg. AIM: This paper explains the rationale for continuing care for childhood FA and describes how children should be monitored for resolution/persistence of FA. METHODS: A clinical, multidisciplinary approach and management algorithm based on relevant, peer-reviewed original research articles and reviews using the keywords anaphylaxis, atopic eczema, children, milk allergy, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge, egg allergy, epinephrine, failure to thrive, food allergy, food challenge, food hypersensitivity, immunoglobulin E, nutrition, natural history, paediatrics, peanut allergy, prevalence, psychosocial factors, quality of life, radioallergosorbent test, and tolerance from years 1966 to 2003 in MEDLINE. Additional studies were identified from article reference lists. RESULTS: A combination of outcome measures, a multidisciplinary approach involving a dietitian and allergy nurse specialist, and a management algorithm are useful tools in clinical management. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective studies of non-selected children, optimally from birth cohorts, are needed to evaluate the effects of such management programmes regarding FA in childhood.

Algorithms↗

PubMed1989

Natural occurrence of IgE antibodies to peptide hormones in man.

IgE antibodies to peptide hormones or their fragments were investigated using specific radioallergosorbent tests. Ninety-six sera were obtained from otherwise healthy individuals with a positive RAST to at least one common allergen and without previous contact to exogenous hormones. Total serum IgE was normal (less than 300 ng ml-1) in 41 and elevated in 55 sera. Only one serum with normal total IgE had reagins to proinsulin. In sera with elevated total IgE positive tests (greater than 8 x background) were observed frequently: hGH 9.1%, GHRH1-44 5.5%, GHRH1-29 12.7%, erythropoietin 10.9%, human calcitonin 14.6%, salmon calcitonin 1.8%, ACTH 5.5%, insulin 14.6%, proinsulin 7.3%, insulin A chain 1.8%, insulin B chain 18.2, C-peptide 9.1%, and IGF 9.1%. The data show natural occurrence of reagins to peptide hormones in atopic persons. A risk at exposure to these peptides may exist in about 1% of the general population.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed1989

Purification of Parj I, a major allergen from Parietaria, judaica pollen.

A major allergen, the Parj I, was purified to homogeneity from Parietaria judaica pollen by means of ultrafiltration dialysis, preparative polyacrylamide gel chromatography and affinity chromatography through a column of Sepharose-monoclonal antibody specific for Parj I. The homogeneity of the Parj I was assessed by one single arc of immunoprecipitation both in cross immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis, by one single band of radiostaining after a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transfer to nitrocellulose and by one single peak after a size exclusion chromatography on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The homogeneity was further supported by crossed Laurell immunoelectrophoretic analysis, in that only one arc of precipitation was magnified in CIE after addition of the purified allergen. The purified Parj I allergen was capable of interacting in vitro with 70% of the human IgE specific for a crude P. judaica extract, as determined by radioallergosorbent test inhibition. The purified Parj I was capable of inducing positive reactions in vivo in skin prick tests, and of inducing release of histamine from blood containing basophils as determined by a histamine release assay. The amino acid analysis of the Parj I showed 118 amino acid residues per monomer analyzed and, among other residues, three methionine residues were detected. The molecular weight of the Parj I estimated by HPLC and amino acid composition was 26 kilodaltons.

Allergens↗

PubMed1982

Detection of IgE antibodies in onchocerciasis. Possibility of using allergens from Dipetalonema viteae extracts that cross-react with allergenic determinants in crude extracts of Onchocerca volvulus.

The present study reports the presence of Onchocerca volvulus specific IgE in the sera obtained from onchocerciasis patients. About 70% of onchocerciasis patients showed a raised level of O. volvulus specific IgE compared to patients infected either with other human filarids (Loa loa, Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi) or with other helminths (Schistosoma mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides, Fasciola hepatica). The O. volvulus specific IgE level was significantly higher in patients exhibiting 'gale filarienne' than in microfilaremic patients or in endemic controls. The total IgE level was significantly raised in the serum samples of all groups of subjects from endemic areas compared to European controls. There was no significant increase in the level of IgE in the onchocerciasis sera when O. volvulus antigen was replaced by the antigens from various helminths in the present assay system (radioallergosorbent test). However, there was a clear evidence of the presence of cross-reacting allergens in the crude extracts from adults of O. volvulus and Dipetalonema viteae (a rodent filarial parasite) because there was a significant reduction in IgE level in onchocerciasis sera following absorption with either O. volvulus or D. viteae sorbents. Moreover, the IgE antibodies in onchocerciasis patients sera recognized the allergens which were present in the somatic extracts of O. volvulus and D. viteae as revealed by radiolabelled anti-IgE.

Allergens↗

PubMed1995

The allergen of Ficus benjamina in house dust.

Ficus benjamina, a member of the Moraceae family, is a tropical, non-flowering green plant which is widely used for ornamental purposes. It is an occupational allergen in plant keepers but sensitization is also increasingly found in non-occupationally exposed atopic and non-atopic patients. The allergen of Ficus benjamina is located in the plant sap, a so-called latex. By radioallergosorbent test-(RAST)-inhibition studies allergen could also be demonstrated in the dust collected from the leaf surface and in dust samples from the floor of rooms where the plant was placed. These findings could result in more extensive preventive measures in patients sensitized to Ficus benjamina. In addition there is some evidence that possibly a crossreactivity between latex of Ficus benjamina and latex from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis, a member of the Euphorbiaceae family, may exist.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Maxisorp RAST. A sensitive method for detection of antigen-specific human IgE in culture fluids.

For determination of allergen-specific IgE in cell culture supernatants and other highly diluted IgE preparations a radioallergosorbent test (RAST) based on high adsorption polystyrene test tubes has been developed ("Maxisorp RAST"). Cladosporium herbarum extract was used as a model allergen but timothy grass pollen, house dust mite and dog dander showed similar results. The test showed specificities of both allergen and immunoglobulin isotype and significant correlations (r = 0.67-0.88) with established RAST procedures were found. Based on immunosorbent-purified allergen-specific IgE the estimated sensitivity was within the order of 150-300 pg allergen-specific IgE per ml. The within-assay variation was 4-9% and the inter-assay-variation 17-29%. The Maxisorp RAST is useful as an inhibition assay for quantitating allergenic activity down to 0.1 biological units/ml of allergen extracts.

Allergens↗