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At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Study of choroidal vascular lesions in bullous retinal detachment by indocyanine green angiography].

Fluorescein and indocyanine green (ICG) angiography was performed in 18 eyes of 9 patients with bullous retinal detachment. The series comprised 12 eyes with retinal detachment, 3 treated eyes and 3 unaffected eyes. In the 12 eyes with retinal detachment, there were a total of 33 sites of fluorescein leakage, or 2.8 per eye. Leakage of ICG into the subretinal space, corresponding to the site of leakage of fluorescein, was present at 29 foci in 12 eyes. A dilated major choroidal vein was located posterior or adjacent to the site of leakage. Choroidal tissue staining was present around 30 foci of leakage in 12 eyes in late-phase ICG angiograms. This phenomenon persisted after serous retinal detachment had disappeared following photocoagulation. Multiple areas of choroidal staining were also present in unaffected areas in all the 12 eyes. Choroidal staining was also a regular feature around retinal pigment epithelial detachment. Recurrence of leakage developed in this area in one eye. The findings suggest that choroidal vascular hyperpermeability plays a causative role in damage to the retinal pigment epithelium in bullous retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinal neovascularization and an angioma-like lesion after demarcation photocoagulation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Laser photocoagulation might aggravate the ischemia of an area of retinal detachment and predispose the retina to formation of neovascularization and an angioma-like lesion. We present a case of retinal neovascularization (RNV) and an angioma-like lesion occurring after demarcation photocoagulation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). A 20-year-old woman suffered from a retinal atrophic hole with localized shallow retinal detachment in the right eye. Laser photocoagulation was performed to wall off the area of detachment. Fifteen months later, RNV and an angioma-like lesion had developed in the previously detached retina. Treatment with demarcation photocoagulation for RRD may run a risk of formation of RNV and angioma-like lesion if the retina is not reattached.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Frequency and predictors of retinal detachment after pediatric cataract surgery without primary intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency and to identify predictors of retinal detachment after pediatric cataract surgery without primary intraocular lens implantation. METHODS: Retrospective review at an eye hospital identified 1017 eyes among 579 patients who underwent limbal-approach surgery without primary IOL implantation at age < or =16 years for cataract unassociated with other ocular abnormalities aside from microcornea. Patients had a minimum of 2 years postoperative follow-up. The outcome measure was the presence or absence of postcataract surgery retinal detachment, and analyses were performed on patients' eyes with adjustment for intrasubject correlation. RESULTS: Mean postcataract surgery follow-up was 6.8 +/- 3.6 years (range, 2.0 to 18.3 years). Retinal detachment developed in 33 (3.2%) of the 1017 patients' eyes and was diagnosed at a mean of 6.8 +/- 4.4 years postcataract surgery (range, 0.4 to 14.8 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with adjustment for intrasubject correlation identified an aphakic refractive error more myopic than the age-adjusted aphakic norm [hazard ratio (HR), 5.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.9 to 18.0; P = 0.002] and postcataract surgery wound dehiscence (HR, 15.4; 95% CI, 2.2 to 108.5; P = 0.006) as predictors of retinal detachment; a primary posterior capsulotomy/anterior vitrectomy procedure was not predictive of retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: Retinal detachment is infrequent following pediatric cataract surgery without primary IOL implantation, at least with short-term follow-up. A postoperative aphakic refractive error more myopic (less hyperopic) than the age-adjusted aphakic norm is predictive of this complication.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinal detachment following laser in situ keratomileusis.

OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical characteristics, surgical management and outcome of retinal detachment following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in myopic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of 10 eyes of 10 myopic patients with retinal detachment who had previously undergone LASIK surgery were analyzed. Included in the study were 7 males and 3 females, aged 22 to 68 years (35.2+/-2.8). RESULTS: Mean spherical equivalent refraction was -10.51+/-3.90 D (ranging from -6.37 D to -17.00 D) before surgery. The time interval between the LASIK procedure and the development of retinal detachment varied from two months to nine months (5.2 +/- 2.78 months). The number of retinal breaks was one in 7 patients, two in 2 patients and three in 1 patient. The type of retinal breaks included 7 patients with horse shoe tears, 1 patient with a retinal hole, 1 patient with a giant retinal tear, and 1 patient with retinal dialysis. Retinal breaks were located anterior to the equator in 9 patients and posterior to the equator in 1 patient. Retinal reattachment was achieved with one operation in 8 eyes (80%) and the remaining 2 eyes required a second surgery for the reattachment of the retina. CONCLUSION: This study suggests the possible association between retinal detachment and LASIK procedure in patients with myopia. Clinicians should be aware of retinal pathology predisposing to retinal detachment in patients undergoing LASIK.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The incidence of retinal detachment in Rochester, Minnesota, 1970-1978.

We studied the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in Rochester, Minnesota, for the nine-year period from 1970 through 1978. The age-adjusted rate for idiopathic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was 10.1 per 100,000 population per year (45 cases). Including 12 cases of aphakic retinal detachments, the age-adjusted incidence was 12.9 per 100,000 population per year. Not surprisingly, the incidence rate increased with age in both sexes. By extrapolation from the Rochester rates, the number of cases per year of idiopathic retinal detachment in the United States would be expected to be about 22,000, and the number of both aphakic and idiopathic phakic cases per year would be expected to approach 28,000.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Silicone oil in the surgical treatment of retinal detachment--indications and clinical experience].

Silicone oil is being used with increased frequency for retinal tamponade during vitreous surgery for complicated retinal detachments. Though it is now possible to reattach most detached retinas, the visual outcome of the silicone oil procedure is often disappointing. This is due to the well known complications of silicone oil (i.e. cataract, glaucoma, corneal opacification), and the necessity to remove the silicone oil in a second surgical procedure with a certain risk of redetachment. Possible toxicity to retina and optic nerve has not yet get been completely evaluated. An alternative method is the use of expanding gases for internal retinal tamponade. Expanding gases are not as effective as silicone oil in advanced stages of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), but are afflicted with much less complications. We reviewed the charts of our patients, operated on for retinal detachment, to analyse the anatomical and functional results with silicone oil versus gas tamponade. Regarding the last 421 consecutive surgical procedures for retinal detachment (368 eyes), silicone oil has been used in 5%, expanding gases in 14%. The silicone oil procedure was restricted to the most advanced cases of PVR. The anatomic success rate with silicone was 72%, with gas tamponade 87%. Visual acuity of 0.05 and better achieved 19% of the eyes treated with silicone oil versus 61% of the eyes with gas tamponade. These results confirm the findings of other investigators: despite of the high anatomic success rate with silicone oil, the functional results are poor. Because many complicated cases of retinal detachment can also be treated successfully with gas tamponade, silicone oil should remain the last step in retinal detachment surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Prophylactic treatment of aphakic retinal detachment by argon laser photocoagulation. Study on 600 cases (author's transl)].

Aphakic retinal detachment must nowadays be considered as a specific entity among retinal detachments. In the light of statistics, phakcoextraction cannot any longer be conceived as a simple operation, and the aphakic patient as a normal subject. Aphakia might even be classified as a real disease (aphakosis), as a number of vitreoretinal disorders seem to be specific of this condition. The authors studied 600 aphakic eyes, of which 300 were prophylactically treated by circumferentia, equatorial argon laser photocoagulation. Of the 300 eyes subjected to argon laser photocoagulation, only 1 exhibited retinal detachment (0.33%) versus 6 (2%) in the other group. These results are similar to those obtained by others with different preventive techniques; but the undeniable advantages of argon laser photocoagulation makes the most suitable method for the prophylactic treatment of aphakic retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Juvenile retinal detachment. Pan American Association of Ophthalmology and American Journal of Ophthalmology Lecture.

In 20 patients with retinal detachments caused by the impact of a soccer ball, the interval between the injury and the diagnosis of retinal detachment was less than one month in ten cases and less than one week in four cases, suggesting that the retinal breaks occur at the time of injury. The most common breaks were superotemporal dialyses and round or oval holes. Macular damage was common. Nineteen of the 20 retinas were reattached surgically, Final visual acuities were 6/12 (20/40) or better in 12 cases, but worse than 6/60 (20/200) in five patients, all of whom had total long-standing retinal detachments or severe traumatic maculopathy. In 48 male patients with X-chromosome-linked juvenile retinoschisis, there was a high proportion with refractive errors. Vitreous veils occurred in 22 patients (47%) and macular lesions were the most common finding. In younger patients the small macular cysts were arranged in a radial pattern and separated by yellow septa. There were also fine radial folds in the internal limiting membrane in most cases. Peripheral retinoschisis was found in 19 patients (39.6%). In eight patients who underwent photocoagulation in one eye, the retinoschisis had not progressed in either eye after a mean follow-up period of 49 months. Retinal detachments occurred in five eyes (5.2%) of the youngest boys with extensive retinoschisis. In a series of 1,000 consecutive cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 9.8% were the result of nontraumatic retinal dialyses. Most o(97%) of the nontraumatic retinal dialyses occurred in the inferotemporal quadrant. Multiple dialyses occurred in 32% of the patients. In a series of 100 cases, the dialyses were bilateral in 37. A familial pattern was demonstrated in eight pedigrees. Surgery, including cryotherapy or diathermy, scleral infoldings, silicone implants, and drainage of subretinal fluid, reattached 97 of the retinas but the visual acuity results were often unsatisfactory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Intraocular intrusion of sutures after retinal detachment buckling surgery.

BACKGROUND: Intraocular intrusion of tight encircling silicone band is a major complication of retinal detachment surgery leading to subretinal and vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and phthisis bulbi. Intrusion of the sutures into the eye has only been reported as an adjunct to buckle intrusion. METHODS: Seven patients (9 eyes) are presented in whom intrusion of sutures occurred as a late complication of retinal detachment surgery using the extrascleral buckling technique. Their complications and treatments are discussed. RESULTS: Eleven anchoring sutures were observed under the retina and two sutures penetrated into vitreous cavity. In five eyes (55.5%), small subretinal or vitreous hemorrhages were noted and in one of them perforation with total detachment occurred. In four eyes, no complications were detected. In four eyes, the silicone band was cut and left in place and the hemorrhages were spontaneously absorbed. The perforated eye underwent replacement of the silicone band with a wide silicone sponge, followed by vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. CONCLUSIONS: Intrusion of sutures into the eye can rarely be seen years after retinal detachment surgery and usually do not require surgical intervention. When hemorrhage occurs, cutting of the silicone band only, with no attempt to remove the band or the sutures, is recommended.

Foreign-Body Migration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental tractional retinal detachment: an immunohistochemical study.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the pathogenesis of tractional retinal detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy in an experimental model, using immunohistochemical staining. METHODS: To produce tractional retinal detachment in rabbit eyes, homologous cultured fibroblasts obtained from the gluteal muscle fascia were injected intravitreously. Right eyes of 20 rabbits in the study group, and 7 rabbits in the control group were followed for 26 days at weekly intervals with indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photographs. RESULTS: During the follow-up period grade III tractional retinal detachment developed in 11 eyes, grade II in six, and grade 1 in three eyes. The spindle-shaped cells contributed predominantly to the development of epiretinal membrane, and a smaller number of round small and large cells. In 10/17 grade II and III eyes, spindle-shaped cells had vimentin, 7/10 had actin, 5/17 had GFAP, 4/17 had S-100 protein immunoreactivity. Round small and large cells expressed S-100 protein, GFAP and actin in 5/17 eyes. Epiretinal membrane appeared to be formed by spindle-shaped fibroblast-like cells and small and large round glia-like cells. Actin positivity of spindle-shaped and round cells was taken as a marker of contractile elements of the cells and their locomotional features. CONCLUSIONS: These features are believed to be involved in contraction of the membrane and retinal detachment.

Actins↗
PubMed1997

[Retinal detachment--severe complication after posterior scleral reinforcement operation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the severe complication of retinal detachment resulted from posterior scleral reinforcement operation. METHOD: The specialty of this type of retinal detachment through the clinical observation of 22 eyes of 20 cases was analyzed. RESULTS: The posterior scleral reinforcement surgery cannot achieve good effects on high myopia and has many complications especially retinal detachment. This type of retinal detachment is more severe than others. The retinal reattachment was obtained in 59.1% of cases in the immediate postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: The posterior scleral reinforcement is an immature operative method, and it should not be widely applied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The relationship between amplitude and extent of detachment indicated by the ERG c-wave of rabbit eyes with experimental retinal detachment].

We recorded ERG b- and c-waves from rabbit eyes with experimental retinal detachment and investigated the relationship between amplitude of the ERG and extent of the detachment. Three different extents of detachment (20, 60, 100% of the fundus) were made in three different groups of rabbits. In all 3 groups, the amplitude of both b- and c-waves remarkably decreased 1 hour after detachment and recovered at 6 hours to values corresponding to the extent of detachment. At 12 hours, the b-wave amplitude remained at almost the same values at 6 hours, whereas the c-wave amplitude showed further reduction. It was suggested that functional disorder in undetached retina occurred earlier in the retinal pigment epithelium than in the sensory retina of the eyes in the acute stage of the retinal detachment.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Current concepts in the management of complex retinal detachments.

Vitrectomy techniques and the use of liquid silicone oil provide important new possibilities in the management of complex retinal detachments including (1) Rhegmatogeneous detachments complicated by vitreous haemorrhages, cataract or an inadequate pupillary opening (2) Traction retinal detachment (3) Combined rhegmatogeneous-traction detachment (4) Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (5) Giant tears, especially when the posterior flap is folded over (6) Retinal detachments with posterior retinal breaks. The current concepts in the management of the above retinal detachments are discussed and the specific techniques employed are described.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed2000

Retinal detachment in the endophthalmitis vitrectomy study.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of retinal detachment following postcataract endophthalmitis and to evaluate the results of management of these detachments. METHODS: Prospective data collected as part of the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study were analyzed. The study was a randomized clinical trial testing the roles of vitrectomy and intravenous antibiotics in restoring vision in patients with endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. RESULTS: The incidence of retinal detachment was 8.3% after treatment of endophthalmitis, with no difference in frequency based on whether initial management was vitrectomy or tap biopsy. The frequency of detachment was higher with more virulent organisms, poor presenting visual acuity, an open posterior capsule at presentation, and in patients who required an early additional procedure in the management of their endophthalmitis. Retinal detachment resulted in a poor visual outcome, with only 27% of patients achieving 20/40 final visual acuity compared with 55% of patients who did not develop detachment. Patients who were able to undergo surgery for their detachment had a better result, with 38% achieving 20/40 final visual acuity. Anatomic success after surgical repair of detachment was achieved in 78% of patients. CONCLUSION: Retinal detachment is a poor prognostic indicator following endophthalmitis, but surgical repair can salvage excellent vision in a substantial number of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Surgical management of traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical outcome of traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment. DESIGN: Retrospective, interventional case series. METHODS: Eight eyes of eight patients with traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment underwent vitrectomy combined with gas tamponade, either initially or subsequently. Anatomic re-attachment of the retina, closure of traumatic macular hole, and visual outcome were measured. RESULTS: Successful retinal re-attachment was achieved in seven eyes (87.5%), and the macular hole was successfully closed in all eyes (100%). Improved vision after the surgery was noted in five eyes (62.5%), whereas three eyes (37.5%) displayed no change. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy combined with gas tamponade appears to give an effective anatomic re-attachment rate for traumatic macular hole-related retinal detachment. The presence of peripheral retinal breaks, vitreous hemorrhage, or the extent of retinal detachment has no discernible significant influence on closure rate of macular hole and retinal re-attachment rate.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Outcomes of complex retinal detachment repair using 1000- vs 5000-centistoke silicone oil.

OBJECTIVE: To compare anatomic and visual acuity outcomes, as well as complication rates, after retinal detachment repair using 1000- vs 5000-centistoke silicone oil. METHODS: Records of all patients who underwent retinal detachment repair with silicone oil at one institution between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2000, were reviewed. Anatomic outcomes included retinal redetachment and macula-off retinal redetachment. Visual acuity outcomes included ambulatory vision (> or =5/200) and change in visual acuity from preoperative examination. Complications included rates of secondary intraocular pressure elevation, hypotony, corneal opacification, cataract, and oil emulsification. Outcomes were assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. RESULTS: The study included 82 eyes that underwent retinal detachment repair with 1000-centistoke silicone oil and 243 eyes that underwent retinal detachment repair with 5000-centistoke silicone oil. Demographic characteristics, cause of retinal detachment, and preoperative ocular characteristics were similar in the 2 groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of retinal redetachment at each of the follow-up intervals investigated. The cumulative retinal detachment rate was also similar between the 2 groups except among trauma cases, for which 1000-centistoke silicone oil was associated with a higher cumulative redetachment rate (P<.001). There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to (1) change in visual acuity from preoperatively to 6 months postoperatively and (2) the proportion of patients who achieved ambulatory vision at each of the follow-up intervals investigated. Rates of elevated intraocular pressure, hypotony, corneal abnormality, cataract, and silicone oil emulsification were similar in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic and visual acuity outcomes, as well as complication rates, were similar in both groups; retinal reattachment and ambulatory vision were achieved in most eyes regardless of oil viscosity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Bilateral serous retinal detachments following organ transplantation.

PURPOSE: The authors report the physiopathogenetic features of bilateral serous neurosensory retinal detachments occurring in patients who have undergone organ transplantation. METHODS: The clinical and photographic findings of four patients who have undergone renal (3 cases) and liver (1 case) transplantation in whom bilateral serous retinal detachment developed early after surgery were reviewed. The patients were processed for clinical symptoms, visual acuity evaluation, slitlamp and fundus examinations, tonometry and fluorescein angiography. RESULTS: Ocular examination, in patients complaining of blurred vision and metamorphopsia, revealed loss of visual acuity, bullous serous neurosensory retinal detachment with retinal pigment epithelial detachments in fundus examination and areas of dye leakage in fluorescein angiography, despite tonometry and slitlamp examination were unremarkable. These alterations were spontaneously resolved with the normalization of renal function. CONCLUSION: The only common factor in each of the four patients resulted in alterations of the kidney function. This finding provides further evidence that renal failure may cause alterations in electrolytes extracellular distribution, leading to the formation of serous neurosensory retinal detachments.

Adult↗