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PubMed1976

Cholecystokinetic cholecystography: efficacy and tolerance study of sincalide.

The intravenous administration of sincalide, the C-terminal octapeptide fragment of cholecystokinin, affords safe and effective means for gallbladder contraction with resultant cystic and common bile duct visualization. Intravenous sincalide circumvents the problem of unpredictability of response of the gallbladder to a fatty meal and variability in the rate of release of endogenous cholecystokinin. Peak gallbladder contraction occurs earlier than with a fatty meal.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A new contrast agent for oral cholecystography: iopronic acid (Oravue).

In a preliminary study to determine the safety and minimal effective dose in patients with impaired hepatic function, the cholecystographic agent iopronic acid (Oravue, research contrast material from Squibb) was well tolerated in single oral doses of 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, or 6.0 g. None of the patients experienced clinical adverse reactions. The radiologic results were generally poor, as anticipated for patients with total serum bilirubin concentrations of 2.0-11.4 mg/100 ml. In a subsequent double-blind controlled study in patients without hapatic dysfunction, 4.5 g of iopronic acid or 3.0 g of iopanoic acid (Telepaque, Winthrop) was given to two groups of 90 patients each. Serial radiographs were obtained 13, 14, 15, and 16 hr after ingestion of the drug. Both drugs were highly effective cholecystographic agents, producing visualization in 88% of the patients. Although not statistically significant, a repeat dose was required for visualization in only 4% of the patients given iopronic acid compared to 9% of the patients given iopanoic acid. Visualization was nearly always observed on the first film obtained 13 hr after drug administration. The contrast agents were similar in terms of safety.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical experiences with iodoxamic acid in the cholecystography-cholangiography (author's transl)].

Intravenous contrast media must have an optimum biliary excretion and a small urinary excretion, also a good tolerability. These demands are not dependent on the proportion of iodine, but of the proportion of the transport medium. By searching for a good transport medium iodoxamic acid has been found. In experiments this acid was compared with other intravenous contrast media. A better tolerability and better diagnostical effectivity had been proved. At the clinical examination of 86 cases we could point out a very good to good tolerability and a good diagnostical effect. Our experiences conform to other authors all of the world. In the Federal Republic of Germany this contrast medium is called Endomirabil and exists in ampoules of 20 cc and 30 cc contents and in bottles of 100 cc contents.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Oral cholecystography: osmotic activity of iopanoic glucuronide in bile.

The cholecystographic agent iopanoic acid (Telepaque) is excreted in high concentrations in the bile as the glucuronide, but produces little or no choleresis. In order to determine the osmotic characteristics of the excretory product, bile was collected from treated and untreated anesthetized dogs and the major solute concentrations and biliary osmolality were determined. After iopanoic acid, there was no change in biliary osmolality or in chloride or bicarbonate concentration. However, the calculated osmolality exceeded the measured osmolality to a significant degree. The data suggest that iopanoic glucuronide, like bile salts, is osmotically inactive because of micelle formation. From physiological considerations, low osmotic activity of the excreted contrast agent might enhance radiographic quality.

Administration, Oral↗