SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Content validation”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Development of a reliable and valid Chinese version of the diabetes empowerment scale.

OBJECTIVE: To translate the Diabetes Empowerment Scale (DES) into Chinese and establish its psychometric properties among Hong Kong Chinese people. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A two-stage study design, incorporating qualitative and quantitative components, determined the cultural equivalency and content validity of the translated scale and established the psychometric properties of the Chinese DES (C-DES) in 207 patients. RESULTS: Psychometric analysis supported the reliability and validity of the 20-item Chinese DES (C-DES-20) and five subscales: overcoming barriers (alpha = 0.89), determining suitable methods (alpha = 0.79), achieving goals (alpha = 0.78), obtaining support (alpha = 0.78), and coping (alpha = 0.76). The test-retest reliability of the intraclass correlations was satisfactory when a subsample of 20 patients was tested after a 2-week interval. There was criterion validity between the global scale and metabolic control (HbA(1c)) of respondents with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The C-DES-20 is a reliable and valid outcome measure for patient education and psychosocial interventions among Hong Kong Chinese people with diabetes.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1993

Endoluminal transrectal ultrasonography: accuracy, reliability, and validity.

The significant risk of local recurrence after curative resection and the relative inaccuracy of preoperative clinical assessment justify a more sophisticated assessment for carcinoma of the rectum. Endoluminal rectal ultrasonography (EU) can directly visualize the degree of rectal wall penetration by tumor and the immediate pararectal lymph nodes. Despite several reports reporting excellent accuracy of EU compared with pathology in detecting the degree of tumor penetration, EU remains restricted in terms of widespread availability. A review of the literature was performed to determine the accuracy, reliability, and current validity of EU. Raw data were collected from cross-sectional surveys assessing the degree of tumor penetration in 873 patients and lymph node involvement in 571 patients with primary rectal cancer. EU is very accurate at determining tumor penetration (kappa = 0.85) but is only moderately accurate at detecting lymph node involvement (kappa = 0.58). The reliability of EU has not been assessed, and a simple protocol is proposed. The validity of EU was assessed in only a few studies. EU is credible and feasible, makes intuitive biologic sense, and is, perhaps, sensitive to change. The ability to make clinical decisions based on EU (content validity) will decide whether widespread implementation is applicable.

Diffusion of Innovation↗

PubMed2004

Radiocaesium soil-to-plant transfer in tropical environments.

In this work, soil-to-plant transfer factors of radiocaesium are predicted based on soil properties such as pH, organic matter content, exchangeable K+ and clay content valid for the tropical environments in Bangladesh, China and Japan, and using a previously published model. Due to insufficient data of soil properties in the selected regions, the average values of pH, organic matter content, exchangeable K+ and clay content were taken as the input model parameters within the ranges given for Asia. Nevertheless, a complete set of soil properties of Japanese soils was used to compare the measured and calculated TF values of radiocaesium for radish. The calculated TF values for radiocaesium are comparable with the measured values especially for leafy parts of a plant. However, calculated values for rice, an important crop in Asia are found to overestimate the measured values due to an overestimate of calculated CECs in soils in the selected regions. The empirical parameters used in the model need to be re-evaluated for the specific part of a plant and/or for a variety of different plants. Alternatively, a general conversion factor for each part of a plant and/or for a variety of different plants for a specific region is suggested for tropical environments.

Aluminum Silicates↗

PubMed1999

Capturing health care utilization after occupational low-back pain: development of an interviewer-administered questionnaire.

The aim of this study was to develop and test the feasibility and validity of a patient questionnaire to assess health care utilization after occupational low-back pain (LBP). Items generated after a literature search were revised and refined on the basis of their face and content validity (judged by a group of practitioners) and pretested with six lay subjects who had LBP. The 73-item questionnaire was then tested in interviews with subjects with acute, subacute, or chronic LBP. Its validity was judged by comparison with a prospective patient diary and with care-provider reports. Chance-corrected agreement was estimated using the kappa statistic. Response rates were 78%, 70%, and 59% for interview, diary, and provider reports, respectively. Eighty of 102 eligible workers completed the interview in an average of 45 minutes (SD = 17.7). Most LBP subjects (90.1%) found it easy to answer. In the opinion of the interviewer, 94.7% of subjects showed adequate comprehension and ability to recall. With a few exceptions, there was moderate to substantial agreement between the interview and the patient diary (most K values between 0.38 and 0.78). Overall, subjects reported more health care services to the interviewer than they recorded in the diary. Owing to the low response rate from providers, comparison with provider reports had to be restricted to 48 subjects and to physicians' reports only. Agreement between interviews and physicians' reports was substantial in use of plain X-rays (kappa = 0.79) and computed tomography scans (kappa = 0.85), but physicians often reported referrals not volunteered by the subjects. Agreement on prescription medications was fair (kappa = 0.29-0.46) with no systematic over reporting or under reporting. Our interviewer-administered questionnaire had better return rate than the patient diary and provider reports. It was easy to administer and understand. On the basis of our comparison with patient diaries and physicians' reports, we conclude that this questionnaire is a sufficiently valid source of health care utilization data in subjects with LBP.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Development and validation of the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale: a brief self-report measure of anorexia, bulimia, and binge-eating disorder.

This article describes the development and validation of a brief self-report scale for diagnosing anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Study 1 used a panel of eating-disorder experts and provided evidence for the content validity of this scale. Study 2 used data from female participants with and without eating disorders (N = 367) and suggested that the diagnoses from this scale possessed temporal reliability (mean kappa = .80) and criterion validity (with interview diagnoses; mean kappa = .83). In support of convergent validity, individuals with eating disorders identified by this scale showed elevations on validated measures of eating disturbances. The overall symptom composite also showed test-retest reliability (r = .87), internal consistency (mean alpha = .89), and convergent validity with extant eating-pathology scales. Results implied that this scale was reliable and valid in this investigation and that it may be useful for clinical and research applications.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Validity and reliability of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-20 questionnaire as a measure of quality of life in elderly people living at home.

BACKGROUND: the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-20 (SF-20) questionnaire is recommended for health-related quality of life research, but there is little information on its utility in older people. We assessed the validity, reliability and feasibility of using the SF-20 in an elderly community-dwelling population. METHODS: the SF-20 was administered to a stratified, random sample of 333 elderly subjects. FINDINGS: assessment of content validity revealed that important domains were lacking, while others appeared to be inappropriately combined. Using Spearman correlation coefficients, the SF-20 had acceptable convergent and discriminant validity. A principal components analysis provided evidence for internal consistency for some of the subscales. Evidence for test-retest reliability was good. INTERPRETATION: while the reliability and feasibility of the SF-20 appear satisfactory, concerns about validity and responsiveness should temper enthusiasm for its use with elderly people living at home.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

Measuring chronic patients' feelings of being a burden to their caregivers: development and preliminary validation of a scale.

BACKGROUND: Burden on caregivers has been extensively studied, but the patient's own feelings of being a burden have rarely been examined. Such feelings may lead to distress and can complicate relations with the caregiver. This report describes the development and preliminary validation of a scale to measure patient-perceived burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A conceptual framework and scale items were derived from previous literature and from qualitative interviews with patients and health professionals. Following content validity and item clarity analyses, a 25-item scale was developed. This was then administered in a construct validation to 100 outpatients undergoing hemodialysis. RESULTS: Discriminant validity coefficients showed that burden scores were independent of age, education, and time on dialysis. Convergent analyses showed modest correlations with the number of comorbid conditions (r = 0.20, P < 0.04), functional status (r = 0.26, P < 0.01), physical function (r = 0.30, P < 0.01), and mental health (r = 0.39, P < 0.01). Alpha internal consistency was 0.92 and factor analyses revealed a single main factor. A 10-item abbreviation (alpha = 0.85) is therefore proposed. CONCLUSION: The self-perceived burden scale shows promise as a measure to identify patients in emotional distress due to feelings of being a burden on others, and as an outcome measure in intervention studies.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The health belief model: evaluation of a diabetes scale.

Scales that make theoretical concepts of health beliefs operational must be shown to have acceptable levels of reliability and validity before they can be incorporated into teaching programs. This paper describes the process used to evaluate a Health Belief Model scale. A revised 11-item scale is proposed for use by diabetes educators. Content validity of the initial scale (76 items) and the shorter version was verified. Reliability estimates obtained by factor structure provided evidence of measurement accuracy for the proposed 11-item scale. Analyses of construct and criterion validity provided additional support to suggest the use of the HBM11 scale for clinical practice.

Attitude to Health↗

PubMed1995

Development of a three-scale MMPI: the MMPI-TRI.

A 60-item short form of the MMPI with very high content validity and items that appear on both the MMPI and MMPI-2 was developed and named the MMPI-TRI. It contains three 20-item scales--the Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis scales. These three scales have excellent internal consistency and sufficient independence from each other. An anxiety and depression group of patients, prison inmate group, and a schizophrenic and other psychotic group had the highest mean scores on Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis, respectively. Correlations with the 13 regular scales of the MMPI and MMPI-2, their content and supplementary scales, and four other psychometric instruments provided very strong evidence for validity. Norms are provided.

Acting Out↗

PubMed2004

Development of a new measure to assess trunk impairment after stroke (trunk impairment scale): its psychometric properties.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate reliability, validity, internal structure, and responsiveness of our newly developed Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) for patients with stroke. DESIGN: A total of 73 patients with stroke participated in this prospective study. Interrater reliability (weighted kappa statistics), content validity (principal component analysis), concurrent validity (Spearman's rank correlation with the Trunk Control Test), predictive validity (prediction of discharge FIM scores), and responsiveness (standardized response mean values) were examined. Internal consistency and item difficulties were analyzed with Rasch analysis. RESULTS: The weighted kappa of each TIS item ranged from 0.66 to 1.0. Principal component analysis revealed that the TIS measured a domain similar to the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set trunk items but different from the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set motor and visuospatial items. The TIS correlated with the Trunk Control Test (r = 0.91). To predict discharge FIM motor scores, addition of the TIS as one of the predictors to age, time from onset, and admission FIM score increased the adjusted R2 from 0.66 to 0.75. With Rasch analysis, the misfit was acceptable, except for the abdominal muscle strength item. The difficulty patterns were similar at admission and discharge, except for the abdominal muscle strength item. The responsiveness of the TIS was satisfactory and comparable with that of the Trunk Control Test (standardized response mean values, 0.94 and 1.06). CONCLUSIONS: Our newly developed TIS is reliable, valid, and responsive for use in stroke outcome research.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Validating gender-specific defining characteristics of altered sexuality.

The authors conducted a retrospective study to validate gender-specific defining characteristics for the proposed nursing diagnosis altered sexuality. An investigator-designed tool was used to collect data from 100 randomly selected members of NANDA. The Fehring method of diagnostic content validity was used to identify major and minor defining characteristics for men and women. The defining characteristics identified and validated encompass all dimensions of human sexuality, and are more concise and descriptive of this human response than those currently in use. Findings of this study will be used to develop a tool for assessment of altered sexuality in a variety of populations and settings.

Female↗

PubMed2003

Validation of nursing-sensitive outcomes in persons with spinal cord impairment.

Identification of nursing-sensitive patient outcomes in individuals with spinal cord impairment (SCI) is the first step in documenting the importance of nursing practice for this population. The aims of this descriptive study were to identify a comprehensive list of nursing-sensitive patient outcomes that SCI nurse's judge to be relevant to individuals with SCI and establish a framework for clinical validation of these outcomes in the future. Members of the American Association of Spinal Cord Injury Nurses (AASCIN) completed the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) Relevance of Outcome Rating Questionnaire. Twelve outcome categories had a diagnostic content validity (DCV) score above 0.8, sixteen were between 0.6 and 0.79, and one was below 0.6. Of the 260 individual outcome items, 139 had a DCV score above 0.8 (12 were 0.9 or higher), 76 had a DCV score between 0.6 and 0.79, and 45 had a DCV score below 0.6.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Nurse validation of pressure ulcer risk factors for a nursing diagnosis.

The nursing diagnosis "Potential Impaired Skin Integrity: Pressure Ulcer" provides a model for determining pressure ulcer risk. This article describes assessment parameters and risk factors that may be useful in the assessment of pressure ulcer risk. Results of a diagnostic content validity study of this diagnosis conducted by the author (Sparks, 1990) are presented.

Humans↗

PubMed2002

International field test results of the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument.

Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia developed the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument to measure the dimensions of nursing home care quality during a brief on-site visit to a nursing home. The instrument has been translated for use in Iceland and used in Canada. Results of the validity and reliability studies using the instrument in 12 nursing homes in Reykjavik, in a large Veterans Home in Ontario with 14 units tested separately, and in 20 nursing homes in Missouri, are promising. High-content validity was observed in all countries, together with excellent inter-rater reliability and coefficient alpha. Test-retest reliabilities in Iceland and Missouri were good. Results of the international field test of the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument points to the usefulness of such an instrument in measuring nursing home care quality following a quick on-site observation in a nursing facility. The instrument should be used as a facility-wide assessment of quality, rather than for individual units within a facility. We strongly recommend its use by practising nurses in nursing homes to assess quality of care and guide efforts to improve care. We recommend its use by researchers and consumers and further testing of the use of the instrument with regulators.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

An objective structured clinical examination for the licentiate: report of the pilot project of the Medical Council of Canada.

The Medical Council of Canada (MCC) administers a qualifying examination for the issuance of a license to practice medicine. To date, this examination does not test the clinical skills of history taking, physical examination, and communication. The MCC is implementing an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to test these skills in October 1992. A pilot examination was developed to test the feasibility, reliability, and validity of running a multisite, two-form, four-hour, 20-station OSCE for national licensure. In February 1991, 240 volunteer first- and second-year residents were tested at four sites. The candidates were randomly assigned to one of two forms of the test and one of two sites for two of the four sites. Generalizability analysis revealed that the variance due to form was 0.0 and that due to site was .16 compared with a total variance of 280.86. The reliabilities (inter-station) were .56 and .60 for the two forms. Station total-test score correlations, used to measure station validity, were significant for 38 of the 40 stations used (range .14-.60). The results of the OSCE correlated moderately with the MCC qualifying examination; these correlations were .32 and .35 for the two test forms. Content validity was assessed by postexamination questionnaires given to the physician examiners using a scale of 0 (low) to 10 (high). The physicians' mean ratings were: importance of the stations, 8.1 (SD, 1.8); success of the examination in testing core skills, 8.1 (SD, 1.6); and degree of challenge, 7.8 (SD, 2.1). The results indicate that a full-scale national administration of an OSCE for licensure is feasible using the model developed. Aspects of validity have been established and strategies to augment reliability have been developed.

Canada↗

PubMed1997

Development of a new outcomes instrument for conductive hearing loss.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to design and validate a disease-specific outcomes instrument for use in conductive hearing loss (CHL). STUDY DESIGN: The study was a retrospective survey of 47 patients recently treated for CHL with either a hearing aid or surgery. Patients were tested with the newly designed instrument (the Hearing Satisfaction Scale [HSS]), previously validated hearing-specific instruments, and a generic quality-of-life instrument. SETTING: The study was performed in an academic tertiary referral center. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: These included test-retest reliability, internal consistency reliability, content validity, criterion validity, and construct validity of the HSS. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability (r = 0.72, p < 0.001) and internal consistency reliability were adequate (Cronbach's alpha was 0.83 and 0.74 for the two subscales of the HSS). Criterion validity for individual items was adequate (r = 0.45, p = 0.02) using audiometric data as the criterion standard. Construct validity was also high using results from other instruments; both convergent and divergent validity of the HSS was demonstrated. In addition, the HSS demonstrated the ability to differentially discriminate between subgroups when grouped by level of hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: The HSS is a valid and reliable instrument for use in outcomes research on conductive hearing loss.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Quality of Life in Depression Scale (QLDS): adaptation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version.

Despite the prevalence of depression, few studies on the quality of life of depressed patients have been conducted. The Quality of Life in Depression Scale (QLDS) is the first depression-specific measure. Since its publication in 1992, the measure has been adapted and re-validated for use in several countries. This paper describes the adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Norwegian version of the QLDS. The QLDS was translated into Norwegian by means of bilingual and lay translation panels. Face and content validity was assessed, and a validation study was conducted with 72 depressed patients in order to establish the new adaptation's internal consistency, reproducibility, construct validity and responsiveness. No major problems were experienced during the translation of the QLDS into Norwegian and patient interviews indicated that the questionnaire was both acceptable to and relevant for depressed patients. The validation/adaptation of the QLDS into Norwegian had been successful. High test-retest correlations indicated excellent reproducibility with no evidence of excessive random measurement error. The internal consistency of the measure was confirmed, with items adequately inter-related. Evidence of construct validity and responsiveness is also encouraging. The Norwegian QLDS is a reliable and valid measure of quality of life.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Psychometric analysis of an advance directive.

OBJECTIVES: Reliability and validity are as necessary for predrafted advance directive forms as they are for all clinical assessment instruments. Performance of predrafted advance directive forms with both lay persons and clinicians is relevant. Evidence relating to test- retest reliability, content validity, and criterion-related validity of one form, the Medical Directive, has been documented for outpatients. The authors investigated construct validity and external validity among outpatients, physicians, and the general public. METHODS: Four hundred ninety-five outpatients, 513 physicians, and 102 members of the general public were surveyed with the Medical Directive. Preference for 11 specific treatments in four to six illness scenarios were recorded. Mokken modeling of responses was used to produce a psychometric scale of receptiveness-to-treatment and desirability of treatments. The Kuder Richardson-20 statistic, Friedman's procedure for analysis of variance, and the Kruskall-Wallis test were used, respectively, to measure inter-item reliability, the relation with scenarios, and the relation between physicians' general goals for care and their scaled preferences. RESULTS: All model diagnostic tests indicated a close-fitting scale for all three respondent groups. Kuder Richardson-20 for outpatients (.98), physicians (.97), and the public (.93) demonstrated high inter-item reliability. Treatment desirabilities were related to invasiveness. Receptiveness-to-treatment was related to prognoses and disabilities of described illness scenarios among each group and to physicians' goals for care. CONCLUSIONS: The Medical Directive has construct validity in relations among specific treatment preferences and between treatment preferences, illness scenarios, and goals for care. External validity is supported by study of separate outpatient, physician, and general public populations. The treatment items constitute a highly reliable scale that can be used in further empirical research regarding life-sustaining treatment.

Adult↗